Jim Ippolito

The Ohio State University | OSU

Transformative technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) make difficult tasks more accessible and convenient. Since 2018, the use of AI in research has increased drastically, with annual publication rates of 3–5 times higher than pre‐2017. Currently, >100,000 manuscripts using AI are published annually within science and engineering, and >2...

Heavy metal contaminated mine lands pose environmental risks, and thus reclamation is paramount for improving soil, plant, animal, and ecosystem health. A heavy metal contaminated alluvial mine tailing, devoid of vegetation, received 224 Mg ha-1 of both lime and biosolids in 1998, and long-term reclamation success was quantified in 2019 with respec...

Legacy phosphorus (P) is a reservoir of sparingly available P, and its recovery could enhance sustainable use of nonrenewable mineral fertilizers. Domestication has affected P acquisition, but it is unknown if subsequent breeding efforts, like the Green Revolution (GR), had a similar effect. We examined how domestication and breeding events altered...

Approximately 390,000 abandoned mines across the US pose considerable, pervasive risks to human and environmental health; world-wide the problem is even greater. Lime, organic materials, and other amendments have been used to decrease metal bioavailability (e.g., Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Zn) in contaminated mine wastes and to promote plant community establi...

Context: Global nutritional health outcomes are directly reliant on agroecosystem nutrient outputs. Appropriately , there is concern surrounding the impacts of a changing climate not only on crop yields, but also on crop nutritional quality (e.g., mineral nutrient concentrations). Quantifying the impacts of elevated CO 2 concentrations , elevated t...

Citation: Afkairin, A.; Dixon, M.M.; Buchanan, C.; Ippolito, J.A.; Manter, D.K.; Davis, J.G.; Vivanco, J.M. Harnessing Phosphorous (P) Fertilizer-Insensitive Bacteria to Enhance Rhizosphere P Bioavailability in Legumes. Microorganisms 2024, 12, 353. https://doi. Abstract: Phosphorous (P) is widely used in agriculture; yet, P fertilizers are a nonre...

Biochar has been widely studied to reduce multiple contaminant sources in one matrix (e.g., several heavy metals in soils), yet less attention has been paid to accelerating pesticide degradation while in the presence of any heavy metals, such as when kasugamycin (KSM) and cadmium (Cd) are both present in soil. While KSM has low toxicity compared to...

Biochars with a high affinity for phosphorus (P) are promising soil amendments for reducing P in agricultural runoff. Poultry litter (PL) is an abundant biochar feedstock. However, PL-derived biochars are typically high in soluble P and therefore require chemical modification to become effective P sorbents. This study investigated the effect of mag...

Management-intensive Grazing (MiG) has been proposed to sustainably intensify agroecosystems through careful management of livestock rotations on pastureland. However, there is little research on the soil health impacts of transitioning from irrigated cropland to irrigated MiG pasture with continuous livestock rotation. We analyzed ten soil health...

Effect of commonly used heavy metal immobilizing agents on risks of soil heavy metals has not been well investigated. In this work, a contaminated acidic soil (total Cd = 8.05, total Pb = 261 mg kg􀀀 1) was amended with soluble phosphate (P: 160 mg kg􀀀 1) and bentonite (3 g kg􀀀 1) and incubated for 360 d. The soil was then added to mouse feed at 1:9...

Various soil health indicators that measure a chemically defined fraction of nitrogen (N) or a process related to N cycling have been proposed to quantify the potential to supply N to crops, a key soil function. We evaluated five N indicators (total soil N, autoclavable citrate extractable N, water-extractable organic N, potentially mineralizable N...

The dense surface passivation layer on zero-valent iron (ZVI) restricts its efficiency for water decontamination, causing a poor economy and waste of resources. Herein, we found that the ZVI on Fe-Mn biochar could afford a high electron-donating efficiency for the Cr(VI) reduction and immobilization. Over 78.0% of Fe in the Fe-Mn biochar was used f...

This work investigated the effect of soil amendments on the mobility of heavy metals and P in acidic and calcareous heavy metal polluted soils after incubated for one year. Compared to phosphate alone, the phosphate+ben-tonite amendment had lower available P concentrations (13.1 and 16.3% in the acidic and calcareous soils, respectively) and simila...

Soil health is an important aspect for maintaining adequate crop production, but the specifics of what entails a healthy soil can vary from region to region and crop to crop. In highly managed agricultural systems, unhealthy soil can be masked by intensive management practices, yet there must be detrimental cutoff points in various characteristics,...

Efect of diferent fermentation methods on heavy metal bioaccessibilities in wheat four is undetermined. In this work, gastric and gastrointestinal heavy metal bioaccessibility in wheat four products (control-wheat dough, T1-mantou made with normally fermented dough, T2-mantou made with over-fermented dough and T3-mantou made with over-fermented dou...

Geophagy is common for free-range chickens, however, the relative bioavailability (RBA) of heavy metals in contaminated soils consumed by chickens has not fully investigated. In this work, chickens were fed diets increasingly spiked with a contaminated soil (Cd=105, Pb=4840 mg kg−1; 3, 5, 10, 20 and 30 % of overall feed by weight), or Cd/Pb reagent...

Atmospheric deposition of Cd, from anthropogenic activities, can be directly deposited onto and absorbed into wheat plants, yet, how foliar absorbed Cd is translocated in wheat plants is not well understood. A pot experiment investigated foliar Cd application on the accumulation and distribution of heavy metals in various wheat parts. Wheat was gro...

Fifty-four multiparous beef cows with calves were used to evaluate the effects of Mo source (feed or water) on reproduction, mineral status, and performance over two cow-calf production cycles (553 days). Cows were stratified by age, body weight, liver Cu, and Mo status and were then randomly assigned to one of six treatment groups. Treatments were...

Aggregate stability is a commonly used indicator of soil health because improvements in aggregate stability are related to reduced erodibility and improved soil–water dynamics. During the past 80 to 90 years, numerous methods have been developed to assess aggregate stability. Limited comparisons among the methods have resulted in varied magnitudes...

The first compilation of nutrient export coefficients for specific land uses in the United States was completed in 1980. Building off that effort, the “Measured Annual Nutrient loads from AGricultural Environments” (MANAGE) database was developed in 2006 to summarize annual field‐scale nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) runoff data from agricultural l...

Fifty-four multiparous beef cows with calves were used to evaluate the effects of Mo source (feed or water) on reproduction, mineral status, and performance over two cow-calf production cycles (553 d). Cows were stratified by age, body weight, liver Cu and Mo status, and were then randomly assigned to one of six treatment groups. Treatments were: 1...

Conservation practices that reduce nutrient and soil loss from agricultural lands to water are fundamental to watershed management programs. Avoiding trade‐offs of conservation practices is essential to the successful mitigation of watershed phosphorus (P) losses. We review documented trade‐offs associated with conservation practices, particularly...

Within managed ecosystems, such as some livestock grazed grasslands, soil physical, chemical, and biological properties may be severely compromised relative to native grasslands. Conventional grazing (CG) management, commonly referred to as continuous grazing, can affect soil properties and health by reducing soil C stocks and other available nutri...

Positive or negative plant growth effects due to soluble organic biochar compounds are not well understood. Increasing quantities (0 g, 0.5 g, 2.5 g, and 5 g) of four different biochars were extracted with 0.1 M HCl, which were separated and marked as W, X, Y, and Z. Corn and rice seeds were treated with biochar extract solution. The rice straw Y a...

Non-ferrous metal smelting results in heterogenous spatial distribution of potentially toxic metals (PTM) near smelters. In this work, windowsill dusts were collected from smelting (SA) and urban (UJ) sub-areas of Jiyuan (a city affected by >70 years of Pb smelting) to investigate PTM source and bioaccessibility. The <10 μm fraction of dusts were a...

The accumulation of total Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn in soils (0-5 cm) and windowsill dust fractions (45-125, 10-45, and < 10 μm), and soil pollution indices (PI), were investigated in a long-term (~ 70 years) Pb smelter area and in the nearby urban city of Jiyuan, China. Principal component analysis (PCA) was utilized to identify metal contamination sourc...

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is closely tied to soil health. However, additional biological indicators may also provide insight about C dynamics and microbial activity. We used SOC and the other C indicators (potential C mineralization, permanganate oxidizable C, water extractable organic C, and ß-glucosidase enzyme activity) from the North American P...

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) provides ~ 20% of the calories consumed by a growing global population yet is inherently low in Zinc (Zn) and Iron (Fe). Continued yield gains have inadvertently reduced grain [Zn] and [Fe] (brackets denote concentration, mg kg-1), with negative human health impacts. It is unclear if grain [Fe] or [Zn] of high-yielding...

Currently accepted pedotransfer functions show negligible effect of management induced changes to soil organic carbon (SOC) on plant available water holding capacity (θAWHC), while some studies show the ability to substantially increase θAWHC through management. The Soil Health Institute’s North America Project to evaluate soil health measurements...

Conversion from conventional tillage to no-till in surface irrigated agroecosystems is low, mostly due to difficulties crop residue creates for water surface flow if no-till is implemented. A three-year continuous corn (Zea mays L.) study was conducted to evaluate the effects of residue management (retained yet mechanically moved out of the irrigat...

Assessing the effects of calcium-containing amendments on heavy metal availability in metal-polluted, varying pH soils, is essential for remediation purposes. An acidic and a calcareous heavy metal-polluted soils were amended with lime (calcium hydroxide), calcium nitrate or calcium chloride, and then, heavy metal bioavailability was assessed using...

Compared to conventional tillage (CT) system (e.g. moldboard plowing (Moldboard-CT) and chisel plowing (Chisel-CT)) adoption rate of conservation tillage systems (e.g. no-till (NT) and strip-till (ST)) in surface-irrigated farms is considerably low. A three-year field study was conducted to evaluate corn (Zea mays L) productivity in four tillage sy...

Potential carbon mineralization (Cmin) is a commonly used indicator of soil health, with greater Cmin values interpreted as healthier soil. While Cmin values are typically greater in agricultural soils managed with minimal physical disturbance, the mechanisms driving the increases remain poorly understood. This study assessed bacterial and archaeal...

Recent laboratory evidence suggests that the intrinsic behavior of molecular water in soil is altered by turbulent-flow conditioning (CTap) of mineralized irrigation water (Tap). This 9-yr (2009 to 2017), irrigated, outdoor, cropped pot study evaluated the effect of Tap and CTap irrigation water on soil leachate chemistry, nutrient availability, an...

Even after remediation, mining impacted soils can leave behind a landscape inhospitable to plant growth and containing residual heavy metals. While phytostabilization can be used to restore such sites by limiting heavy metal spread, it is reliant on soil capable of supporting plant growth. Manure-based biochars, coupled with compost, have demonstra...

This review focuses on existing technologies for carcass and corpse disposal and potential alternative treatment strategies. Furthermore, key issues related to these treatments (e.g., carcass and corpse disposal events, available methods, performances, and limitations) are addressed in conjunction with associated environmental impacts. Simultaneous...

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of Mo source (feed or water) on performance and mineral status of cows and calves fed a forage-based diet for two years (DM basis: 6.6% CP; 0.14% S, 6.7 mg Cu/kg, 2.4 mg Mo/kg). Fifty-four cow-calf pairs were stratified by cow age, BW, and liver Cu and Mo status, and randomly assigned to...

For agricultural research to seize the potential of data‐driven technologies, profound changes are needed in the full spectrum of data management, highlighted by a shift of researchers, institutions, and agencies toward a culture of data stewardship. The USDA‐ARS established the Partnerships for Data Innovations (PDI) in 2019 to achieve this transf...

Due to increasing population growth and declining arable land on Earth, astroagriculture will be vital to terraform Martian regolith for settlement. Nodulating plants and their N-fixing symbionts may play a role in increasing Martian soil fertility. On Earth, clover (Melilotus officinalis) forms a symbiotic relationship with the N-fixing bacteria S...

Abandoned mine lands present persistent environmental challenges to ecosystems and economies; reclamation is an important step for overcoming these challenges. Phytostabilization is an elegant and cost-effective reclamation strategy, however, establishing plants on severely degraded soils is problematic, often requiring soil amendments. We evaluate...

We synthesized 20 years of research to explain the interrelated processes that determine soil and plant responses to biochar. Biochar properties and its effects within agricultural ecosystems largely depend on feedstock and pyrolysis conditions. We describe three stages of reactions of biochar in soil: dissolution (1‐3 weeks); reactive surface deve...

Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) contaminated soils that are used for food production can lead to metal bioaccumulation in the food chain and eventually affect human health. In these agroecosystems, means by which Cd and Pb bioavailability can be reduced are desperately required, with biochar as a proxy for bioavailability reductions. Molecular Cd and Pb...

Macronutrients are required by plants in relatively large quantities. One might be under the assumption that a “more is better” approach is correct for interpreting soil macronutrient concentrations in lieu of soil quality and health determinations. The approach of “somewhere in the middle is better” is the correct approach for soil macronutrient c...

Overgrazed rangelands can lead to soil degradation, yet long-term land application of organic amendments (i.e., biosolids) may play a pivotal role in improving degraded rangelands in terms of soil health. However, the long-term effects on soil health properties in response to single or repeated, low to excessive biosolids applications, on semi-arid...

Overgrazed rangelands can lead to soil degradation, yet long-term land application of organic amendments (i.e., biosolids) may play a pivotal role in improving degraded rangelands in terms of soil health. However, the long-term effects on soil health properties in response to single or repeated, low to excessive biosolids applications, on semi-arid...

Soil health assessments associated with organic amendment applications have primarily focused attention on manure or composts. Yet, quantifying specific changes in soil health associated with biosolids land applications has yet to be determined. Our objectives were to evaluate the changes in various soil indicators, and utilizing the Soil Managemen...

FIND THIS AT: https://rdcu.be/cmbrb Biochars, when applied to contaminated solutions or soils, may sequester potentially toxic elements while releasing necessary plant nutrients. This purpose of this study focused on quantifying both phenomenon following wheat straw (Triticum aestivum L.) biochar application (0, 5, and 15% by wt) to a Cd containi...

Biochars, when applied to contaminated solutions or soils, may sequester potentially toxic elements while releasing necessary plant nutrients. This purpose of this study focused on quantifying both phenomenon following wheat straw (Triticum aestivum L.) biochar application (0, 5, and 15% by wt) to a Cd containing solution and a Cd-contaminated padd...

Management‐intensive grazing (MiG) on irrigated, perennial pastures has steadily increased in the western United States due to pressure for reducing public lands grazing, overall declining land available for pasture, and decreasing commodity prices. However, there are still many unknowns regarding MiG and its environmental impact, especially with r...

Phosphorus (P) is a highly immobile soil nutrient, thus enhancing its availability through mechanisms such as unique, phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) may help improve soil-plant P relationships. The objective of this study was to evaluate P solubilization and activity of Anabaena sp. and Mammoth P using two different organic P sources...

The Oronogo-Duenweg mining belt is a designated United States Environmental Protection Agency Superfund site due to lead-contaminated soil and groundwater by former mining and smelting operations. Sites that have undergone remediation – in which the O, A, and B horizons have been removed alongside the lead contamination – have an exposed C horizon...

The Oronogo-Duenweg mining belt is a designated United States Environmental Protection Agency Superfund site due to lead-contaminated soil and groundwater by former mining and smelting operations. Sites that have undergone remediation—in which the O, A, and B horizons have been removed alongside the lead contamination—have an exposed C horizon and...

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) flour consumption may be a major source of human metal intake, especially when wheat is cultivated in metal‐contaminated soils. This work investigated Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn distribution in whole wheat flour, wheat flour, and wheat bran when grown in an area polluted by Pb smelting. Wheat product heavy metal concentrations...

Environmental contamination by toxic trace elements is a global issue faced by soil-plant-human systems. Biochar has gained substantial attention as a soil amendment to reduce toxic trace element impacts on plant and human health due to biochar’s capacity to influence trace element biogeochemistry. This review focuses on the key roles of biochar wi...

Cross‐linked polymer hydrogels, polyacrylamide co‐polymer (XPAM) or polyacrylate (XPAA) offer potential solutions for soil degradation, declines in soil resilience, and poor productivity in marginal soils. However, little is known about their long‐term effect on soil nutrient availability. This 9‐yr, irrigated, outdoor, cropped pot study evaluated...

Irrigation water quality plays a vital role in sustaining crop productivity and feeding a growing world population. In many countries, continued agricultural water reuse can lead to greater water-soluble salt concentrations, and in particular Na; finding means by which irrigation water Na, and thus sodium adsorption ratios (SAR), can be reduced wou...

Various studies have established that feedstock choice, pyrolysis temperature, and pyrolysis type influence final biochar physicochemical characteristics. However, overarching analyses of pre-biochar creation choices and correlations to biochar characteristics are severely lacking. Thus, the objective of this work was to help researchers, biochar-s...

Various studies have established that feedstock choice, pyrolysis temperature, and pyrolysis type influence final biochar physicochemical characteristics. However, overarching analyses of pre-biochar creation choices and correlations to biochar characteristics are severely lacking. Thus, the objective of this work was to help researchers, biochar-s...

The mechanisms of soil Cd and Pb alterations and distribution following biochar (BC; 0 to 40 t ha −1) amendments applied (in either 2009 [long-term] or in 2016 [short-term]) to a contaminated rice paddy soil, and subsequent plant Cd and Pb tissue distribution over time was investigated. Water-soluble Cd and Pb concentrations decreased by 6.7-76.0%...

Globally, food systems face multiple challenges, including minimizing environmental impacts, adapting to a changing climate, increasing yields, and maintaining and/or increasing crop nutritional quality. Management techniques that focus on soil health (SH) are promising solutions to mitigate some environmental impacts and may increase economic retu...

Windowsill, heavy metal-containing dust samples, collected at different building heights, may provide some insight into both source and human health risk. Windowsill dust samples were collected from the 1st to 9th floor (1.4–23.2 m above ground) near a lead smelter (1 km to the smelter) and in urban areas (4.2–7.3 km to the smelter) and separated i...

Phosphorus can be removed successfully from dairy wastewater using Al- or Fe-water treatment residuals (Al-WTR, Fe-WTR). Understanding the characteristics of P-sorbing pools can facilitate reuse of the newly formed organic composites (WW-Al/O-WTR, WW-Fe/O-WTR) as fertilizers. Phosphorus fractionation in heterogenic materials requires a specific com...

Smelting activities have been shown to increase the likelihood of environmental heavy metal accumulation and bioaccumulation potential within relative proximity to smelter sites. This investigation focused specifically on cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) accumulation in 43 wild plant species and corresponding soils near a Pb smelt...

Aluminum water treatment residuals (Al-WTR), a waste product created during drinking water treatment, is generated in large quantities globally and typically landfilled; alternative, uses are desperately required. Inorganic phosphorus (P) is proven to be quickly and irreversibly sorbed by Al-WTR, rendering P unavailable for subsequent environmental...

Cadmium is toxic to plants, easily reaching unsafe levels for animal and human consumption. A greenhouse experiment investigated the effect of foliar-applied Cd on the accumulation and distribution of Cd, Zn, Cu and Pb in wheat (Triticum aestivum) grown in heavy metal-contaminated soil. Cadmium solutions (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mg kg⁻¹) were repeated...

Benefits associated with the use of municipal biosolids in place of synthetic fertilizers have been repeatedly demonstrated for agronomic crops such as dryland wheat (Triticum). These include increased soil carbon and nitrogen storage, improved yields, and improved soil physical properties including reduced bulk density and increased soil water hol...

Produced water (PW) is a major waste-product of oil and gas production that some consider a viable agricultural irrigation water source. However, the presence of petroleum hydrocarbons, toxic metals and potentially high salinity of PW may be deleterious for soil health. Thus, we irrigated wheat with minimally treated PW to investigate effects on so...

Abstract. Management-intensive Grazing (MiG) on irrigated, perennial pastures has steadily increased in the western US due to pressure for reducing public lands grazing, overall declining land available for pasture, and decreasing commodity prices. However, there are still many unknowns regarding MiG and its environmental impact, especially with re...

Inorganic phosphorus (P) fertilizers are a finite resource; alternative means of creating P fertilizers from current municipal and agricultural waste sources may reduce our reliance on phosphate rock mining, and improve waste disposal and nutrient cycling. Previous research demonstrated that organic aluminum water treatment residual composites (Al/...

Highlights Private and public irrigation development was important for expanding agricultural production in the western U.S. The Twin Falls Canal Company is an excellent example of a successful Carey Act project. Cooperative efforts during the last 30 years have dramatically improved the water quality of irrigation return flow. Electricity generate...

Cadmium, Cu, Pb and Zn concentrations and distribution in soil, wheat, and the potential for human heavy metal accumulation near a Pb smelting affected area were investigated. Farm land soil, wheat grain and scalp hair samples were collected from three villages (named QD, GF and BS) with increasing distance from a large Pb smelter in China. Soil Cd...