Jim ConwayCentral Connecticut State University | CCSU · Department of Psychological Science
Jim Conway
PhD - Industrial/Organizational Psychology
About
46
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Introduction
Publications
Publications (46)
Children's health indicators such as mortality and adverse birth outcomes are poorer in the United States than in comparable nations. These measures also show racial inequities within the United States, with Black children experiencing the highest levels. Mass incarceration may partially explain these findings. High incarceration rates can disrupt...
Counterproductive work behavior (CWB) is a topic of considerable importance for organizational scholars and practitioners. Yet, despite a wide-ranging consensus that negative affect (NA) is a precursor to CWB, there is surprisingly little consensus as to whether CWB enactment will subsequently lead to lower or higher levels of NA. That is, scholars...
Attachment theory has been critical in conceptualizing the development of human relationships and affect regulation. Previous research has reported relationships between insecure attachments, depressive symptoms, and self-differentiation. Insecure attachment refers to patterns of bonding that are dysfunctional in some way. Self-differentiation refe...
This study focused on first-semester college students, investigating (a) indirect effects of aggregate alcohol use on grade point average (GPA) through academic effort (skipping class and time on schoolwork) and (b) daily effects of alcohol use on reduced effort. Eighty students reported daily alcohol use and academic effort (skipping class and hou...
We believe that journal reviewers (as well as editors and dissertation or thesis committee members) have to some extent perpetuated
misconceptions about common method bias in self-report measures, including (a) that relationships between self-reported variables
are necessarily and routinely upwardly biased, (b) other-reports (or other methods) are...
Toddlers' growing self–other awareness has been linked with their ability to interact with peers, but there is reason to think that self–other awareness may relate to different aspects of peer relationships for boys and girls. We hypothesized that boys would express self–other awareness by separating self from other through claiming toys, while gir...
A panel of experts describes the nature of, and remedies for, method variance. In an attempt to help the reader understand the nature of method variance, the authors describe their experiences with method variance both on the giving and the receiving ends of the editorial review process, as well as their interpretation of other reviewers’ comments....
Volunteers frequently serve public and nonprofit organizations, among them libraries, parks and recreation departments, social service groups, and religious organizations. Research on volunteers and volunteerism traditionally focuses on antecedents to volunteering and outcomes for volunteers. In this study, we attempt to build on the existing liter...
Volunteers frequently serve public and nonprofit organizations, among them libraries, parks and recreation departments, social service groups, and religious organizations. Research on volunteers and volunteerism traditionally focuses on antecedents to volunteering and outcomes for volunteers. In this study, we attempt to build on the existing liter...
Service learning places teaching and learning in a social context, facilitating socially responsive knowledge. The purposes of this meta-analysis were to summarize evidence on (a) extent and types of change in participants in service learning programs, (b) specific program elements (moderators) that affect the amount of change in participants, and...
To validate the revised version of the Quick Cognitive Screening Test (QCST).
Cross-sectional.
Senior homes; hospital; college campus.
Participants (N=377; 114 men, 263 women) were recruited comprising healthy controls (n=201; 40 men, 161 women), subjects with dementia (n=93; 34 men, 59 women) including Alzheimer disease (n=73) and vascular dementi...
We investigated interactions between positive affect and personality (empathy and altruism) as predictors of workplace helping. We conducted an experience sampling study with 80 participants, each of whom completed personality instruments and responded to a maximum of 5 electronic surveys per day for 5 workdays. This approach allowed us to study re...
This study contributes to our understanding of which factors predict raters' policies for combining performance components into an overall job performance rating. We used a work-roles framework to examine the effects of rater source and team-based culture. The sample consisted of 612 individuals in three job categories (3 17 nurses, 168 personnel r...
Defining Method VarianceEffect of Method Variance on Correlations: Method BiasHow Much Method Variance is there in I-O Psychology?Causes of Method VarianceControlling Method VarianceNoteReferences
This study investigated faculty and college student beliefs concerning student academic misconduct. Faculty beliefs predicted efforts to prevent misconduct and efforts to challenge it. Student beliefs predicted frequency of misconduct. Faculty and students overestimated the extent of misconduct, students to a greater degree. Faculty who underestima...
The present study examined the psychometric properties and the cross-cultural sensitivity of the widely used Symptom Checklist-90-R. among people of African descent. One hundred and ninety-four people of African descent aged 18 years and older were recruited and administered the Symptom Checklist-90-R (Derogatis, 1994). The group comprised Continen...
The primary purpose of this investigation was to test two key characteristics hypothesized to influence the validity of situational (SI) and behavior description (BDI) structured interviews. A meta-analysis of 54 studies with a total sample size of 5536 suggested that job complexity influences the validity of SIs, with decreased validity for high-c...
This simulation investigates bias in trait factor loadings and intercorrelations when analyzing multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) data using the correlated uniqueness (CU) confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model. A theoretical weakness of the CU model is the assumption of uncorrelated methods. However, previous simulation studies have shown little bia...
The primary purpose of this investigation was to test two key characteristics hypothesized to influence the validity of situational (SI) and behavior description (BDI) structured interviews. A meta-analysis of 54 studies with a total sample size of 5536 suggested that job complexity influences the validity of SIs, with decreased validity for high-c...
The authors reanalyzed assessment center (AC) multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) matrices containing correlations among postexercise dimension ratings (PEDRs) reported by F. Lievens and J. M. Conway (2001). Unlike F. Lievens and J. M. Conway, who used a correlated dimension-correlated uniqueness model, we used a different set of confirmatory-factor-anal...
In this field study (N = 405) population profiling was introduced to examine general and specific classes of nonresponse (active vs. passive) to a satisfaction survey. The active nonrespondent group (i.e., purposeful nonresponders) was relatively small (approximately 15%). Active nonrespondents, in comparison with respondents, were less satisfied w...
This article studies population profiling to create a comprehensive attitudinal and personality profile of actual nonrespondents to a common organizational survey used in higher education institutions. Population profiling represents a nearly ideal way of studying nonresponse. Practically, it could only be implemented in limited and unique circumst...
The authors surveyed exploratory factor analysis (EFA) practices in three organizational journals from 1985 to 1999 to investigate purposes for conducting EFA and to update and extend Ford, MacCallum, and Tait’s (1986) review. Ford et al. surveyed the same journals from 1975 to 1984, concluding that researchers often applied EFA poorly (e.g., relyi...
An important part of the unionization process is predicting the individual's vote for or against union representation. We proposed and tested a multilevel model based on the relative importance of costs and benefits of representation. Regression statistics from within-person analyses were used to show the influence of perceived costs and benefits o...
This study addresses 3 questions regarding assessment center construct validity: (a) Are assessment center ratings best thought of as reflecting dimension constructs (dimension model), exercises (exercise model), or a combination? (b) To what extent do dimensions or exercises account for variance? (c) Which design characteristics increase dimension...
There has been a growing interest in understanding what constructs are assessed in the employment interview and the properties of those assessments. To address these issues, the authors developed a comprehensive taxonomy of 7 types of constructs that the interview could assess. Analysis of 338 ratings from 47 actual interview studies indicated that...
Use of subordinates and peers for job performance ratings has increased markedly in recent years, on the assumption that these sources cover different parts of the criterion space and provide incremental validity over and above supervisors. This study directly tested this assumption using a meta-analytically derived correlation matrix including sup...
There has been a growing interest in understanding what constructs are assessed in the employment interview and the properties of those assessments. To address these issues, the authors developed a comprehensive taxonomy of 7 types of constructs that the interview could assess. Analysis of 338 ratings from 47 actual interview studies indicated that...
The goals of this study were (a) to identify managerial performance development constructs through factor analysis, (b) to understand their motivational determinants using personality correlates, and (c) to examine differences between rating sources. Factor analyses identified 5 developmental constructs: Interpersonal Effectiveness, Willingness to...
Construct validity and applicant reactions were investigated for situational (SI), patterned behavior description (PBDI), and general interview questions. General questions were relatively independent of other types, and appeared to reflect (to some extent) personality. SI and PBDI questions were highly correlated but PBDI questions were more refle...
The purpose of this study was to extend previous research on the contextual and task performance distinction to managerial jobs. It was hypothesized that, unlike results for nonmanagerial work, the job dedication facet of contextual performance would contribute uniquely to overall managerial performance. The interpersonal facilitation facet of cont...
Recent evidence supports the use of the correlated uniqueness model over the general confirmatory factor analysis model for multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) data The former provides no method factor loadings and therefore no obvious estimate of the proportion of method variance. This is problematic; researchers have used proportions of method variance...
As multirater performance assessment becomes more common, it becomes more important to understand the unique perspectives (and unique rating variance) of different raters. In this article, an approach for investigating the causes (e.g., general impressions and interpersonal affect) of rater-specific method variance in Multitrait-Multirater (MTMR) p...
The purpose of this investigation was to examine the psychometric properties (interrater reliabilities within source and correlations between sources) of subordinate, supervisor, peer, and self-ratings of job performance. Different job types and dimension types were compared. Using meta-analytic methodology, we found that subordinates showed the lo...
The purpose of this investigation was to examine the psychometric properties (interrater reliabilities within source and correlations between sources) of subordinate, supervisor, peer, and self-ratings of job performance. Different job types and dimension types were compared. Using meta-analytic methodology, we found that subordinates showed the lo...
Borman and Motowidlo (1993) hypothesized two job performance domains labeled task performance and contextual performance. Previous research has provided construct validity evidence in the form of differential predictor-criterion relations for the two performance domains. This study provided additional construct validity evidence. I examined interna...
Becker and Cote (1994) found that the correlated uniqueness model outperformed the confirmatory factor analysis and direct product models for multitrait-multimethod data. The present study analyzed20 multitrait-multirater performance appraisal matrices. The correlated uniqueness model was appropriate significantly more often than in Becker and Cote...
A meta-analysis of 111 interrater reliability coefficients and 49 coefficient alphas from selection interviews was conducted. Moderators of interrater reliability included study design, interviewer training, and 3 dimensions of interview structure (standardization of questions, of response evaluation, and of combining multiple ratings). Interaction...
This study examined the effects of two gender-related variables—job and task gender-type—on the accurate evaluation of task performance. Participants evaluated the task performance of workers in two gender-typed occupations. As hypothesized, task-gender and job-gender interactively affected the accuracy of performance ratings. Worker behaviors from...
Typescript (photocopy). Thesis (M.A.)--University of Connecticut, 1989. Includes bibliographical references.
Questions
Question (1)
SPSS' regression procedure, when conducting a weighted analysis (to provide unbiased estimates of population parameters) bases standard errors and significance tests on the weighted N. For a result I'm including in a meta-analysis the weighted N is MUCH larger than the actual N. This means the standard errors and sampling variances are much smaller than they would be in an unweighted analysis. I am using the inverse of the sampling variance to combine cases in the meta-analysis, so my question is whether the very small sampling variance based on the weighted N is appropriate. Thanks for any insights.
