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July 2009 - July 2016
November 2014 - November 2014
November 2014 - November 2014
Publications
Publications (108)
Triclocarban (TCC), an emerging organic contaminant, poses a potential threat to water resources and ecosystems.
The wolf spider Pardosa pseudoannulata (Araneae: Lycosidae) is a dominant predator typically inhabiting
rice ffelds or wet habitats near water sources. However, little is known about the effects of TCC on the wolf
spiders. In the prese...
Four new species of Pseudopoda Jäger, 2000 (Araneae, Sparassidae) are described based on material collected from China and Vietnam: P. campylotropa Zhang, Chen, Liu, Jäger & Hu, sp. nov. (♂♀) and P. caoguii Zhang, Chen, Liu, Jäger & Hu, sp. nov. (♀) from Yunnan Province of China; P. yejiachangensis Zhang, Chen, Liu, Jäger & Hu, sp. nov. (♂) from Ji...
Evolution in profound darkness often leads to predictable, convergent traits, such as the loss of vision. Yet, the consequences of such repeated evolutionary experiments remain obscure, especially regarding fundamental regulatory behaviors like circadian rhythms. We studied circadian clocks of blind cave spiders and their sighted relatives. In the...
Four Yunohamella species are reported from Hubei Province, China, including two new species: Y. gutenbergi R. Zhong, J. Liu & Hu, sp. nov. (♂) and Y. mohorovicici R. Zhong, J. Liu & Hu, sp. nov. (♂). Yunohamella jiugongensis (Liu & Zhong, 2023), comb. nov. is transferred from the genus Cryptachaea Archer, 1946, and Y. lyrica (Walckenaer, 1841) is n...
Dietary restriction-influenced biological performance is found in many animal species. Pardosa pseudoannulata is a dominant spider species in agricultural fields and is important for controlling pests. In this study, three groups – a control group (CK group), a re-feeding group (RF group), and a dietary restriction group (RT group) – were used to e...
The Qizimeishan National Nature Reserve is situated in the southwestern region of Hubei Province, adjacent to the northeastern edge of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. A survey of spiders of this reserve was conducted recently, leading to the discovery of three new species of the genus Pseudopoda Jäger, 2000: P. arcuata Zhang, J. Liu & Hu, sp. nov. (♀),...
Four new species of Yunguirius B. Li, Zhao & S.Q. Li, 2023 are described from China, namely: Yunguirius parvus Wei & Liu, sp. nov. (♀), Yunguirius trigonus Wei & Liu, sp. nov. (♀), Yunguirius wangqiqiae Wei & Liu, sp. nov. (♀), and Yunguirius xiannushanensis Wei & Liu, sp. nov. (♀).
Himalayan orogeny and consequent climatic changes, such as the strengthening of the Asian monsoon, are considered as two main drivers in shaping local biogeography. The mountainous Sinopoda spiders, which are widely distributed in East Asia and Southeast Asia and especially abundant in the mountains near the Himalayas, represent an ideal model line...
Background
The genus Xilithus Liu & Li, 2023 contains 22 species, three of which are known from Hubei Province, China: X. acerosus (Yao, Irfan & Peng, 2019), X. auritus (Fu, Zhang & Zhang, 2016) and X. xingdoushanensis (Yao, Irfan & Peng, 2019).
New information
One new Xilithus species from Hubei, China is described: X. qizimeishanensis Liu & Hu s...
With 252 species, Pseudopoda Jäger, 2000, is the largest genus in the family Sparassidae and is widely distributed in South (49 species in Bhutan, India, Nepal and Pakistan), East (158 species in China and Japan) and Southeast Asia (51 species in Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam). Few species have been found in more than one region. I...
The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda is a one of the most invasive and damaging pests that causes serious economic losses in several crops. Botanical insecticides such as tea saponin and matrine, as environmentally acceptable biopesticides, are widely used for controlling pests. Insecticide stress affects both individuals and the associated bact...
The camouflage of crab spiders on flowers have been extensively studied, primarily focusing on species with uniform coloration. In reality, more than 50 flower-visiting spider species from seven families do not possess uniform coloration. However, there is a lack of exploration regarding them, leaving their cryptic nature uncertain. Additionally, l...
Subterranean animals living in perpetual darkness may maintain photoresponse. However, the evolutionary processes behind the conflict between eye loss and maintenance of the photoresponse remain largely unknown. We used Leptonetela spiders to investigate the driving forces behind the maintenance of the photoresponse in cave-dwelling spiders. Our be...
As one of the most important invasive and destructive pests in the world, the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugi-perda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) reduces crop yield and causes economic loss. It is critical to find an appropriate controlling approach. This study aimed to determine the insecticidal activities of botanical insecticides (30% tea saponin, 0.6...
With 90 described species, the genus Oecobius Lucas, 1846 is the largest genus of the family Oecobiidae Blackwall, 1862, five of which are known from China. Since Oceobius przewalskyi was described by Hu & Li in 1987, no males of this species have ever been reported.
The male of Oceobius przewalskyi is described for the first time, based on the spe...
Toxic metal Zn could accumulate in the spider Pardosa laura through its food Drosophila melanogaster. • Different levels of toxic metal contamination can cause serious harm along the food chain. • Zn had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth, development and reproduction of P. laura. • This study will provide a new perspective for evaluatin...
99 new Pseudopoda species from South, East and Southeast Asia
Simple Summary
Ethanol is a non-negligible factor which affects many animals’ behavior in nature. Jumping spiders can be found in almost every type of environment, and thus can easily make direct contact with ETOH. However, it remains unclear how ETOH affects jumping spiders. In this study, we tested the ETOH preference of jumping spiders. Jumping...
The spider genus Episinus Walckenaer, 1809 currently contains 66 species worldwide, mostly in warm temperate to tropical areas. This paper describes two new Chinese Episinus species: E. ornithorrhynchus sp. nov. (♂♀) and E. papilionaceous sp. nov. (♀). We add these two new and one known Episinus species to the phylogenetic data matrix of Liu et al....
Behavioral plasticity has been proposed as a means by which animals alter their phenotypes in response to changing conditions. Animals may display behavioral plasticity as a consequence of environmental variation. The detritus-based, bell-shaped cobweb spider Campanicola campanulata is an ideal model to study behavioral plasticity, because its web...
Two new synonyms in the subfamily Theridiinae Sundevall, 1833 (Araneae, Theridiidae) are reported. Theridion hui Zhu, 1998 is proposed as a junior synonym of Theridion innocuum Thorell, 1875, and Theridion qingzangense Hu, 2001 is proposed as a junior synonym of Phylloneta impressa (L. Koch, 1881). Photos of habitus and copulatory organs are provid...
Detritus‐based, bell‐shaped cobwebs are an ideal model to research the plasticity of web architecture due to clearly separate defense and foraging components. We performed a thorough field investigation on the web architectures of Campanicola campanulata to research its cobweb architecture variation during the growth process and analyzed the energy...
Owing to the advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technology, deep learning has found applications in data analysis and problem-related decision-making processes. However, because of the ”black-box” characteristics of deep neural networks, the explanations of decision-making processes are ambiguous. Therefore, model developers face challeng...
In an ongoing effort to expand knowledge of the Chinese cobweb spider fauna (Theridiidae), the genus Meotipa Simon, 1894 is reviewed. Two new species are described, Meotipa pseudopicturata sp. nov. , Meotipa striata sp. nov. , and five known species are redescribed: Meotipa argyrodiformis (Yaginuma, 1952), Meotipa pulcherrima (Mello-Leitão, 1917),...
Spiders are a key predator of insects across ecosystems and possess great potential as pest control agents. Unfortunately, it is difficult to artificially cultivate multiple generations of most spider species. Since gut bacterial flora has been shown to significantly alter nutrient availability, it is plausible that the spiders’ microbial community...
The rapid and accurate identification of spider sex is the first step in spider image recognition. The traditional artificial method used to identify the sex of mature spiders is mainly based on their genital structures (male palps or female epigynum) and highly dependent on the professional background of the identifiers. This article uses computer...
Sinopoda spiders are a diverse group with limited dispersal ability. They are remarkably sympatric among related species, which often results in misidentification and incorrect matching of sexes. In order to understand the evolutionary relationships and revise the taxonomy problems in this genus, we offer the first molecular phylogeny of Sinopoda ....
Eight cobweb spider species building a detritus-based, bell-shaped retreat from China are reported in the current paper, including five new Campanicola species and three known species: Campanicola anguilliformis Li & Liu, sp. nov. , Campanicola falciformis Li & Liu, sp. nov. , Campanicola heteroidea Li & Liu, sp. nov. , Campanicola tauricornis Li &...
Spiders are a key predator of insects across ecosystems and possess great potential as pest control agents. Unfortunately, it is difficult to artificially cultivate multiple generations of most spider species. Since gut bacterial flora has been shown to significantly alter nutrient availability, it is plausible that the spiders’ microbial community...
Wolbachia infection is known to affect host reproduction and development. To date, however, the underlying mechanism related to the effects of Wolbachia on host development has not yet been reported. Here, we compared the developmental duration and body weight in different instars of Wolbachia-positive (W⁺) and Wolbachia-negative (W⁻) spiders (Hyly...
Studies of predation can contribute greatly to understanding predator–prey relationships and can also provide integral knowledge concerning food webs and multi‐trophic level interactions. Both conventional polymerase chain reaction (cPCR) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) have been employed to detect predation in the field because of their sensitivity an...
The species of Prosoponoides Millidge & Russell-Smith, 1992 from China are studied, including one new species, Prosoponoides youyiensis Liu & Chen n. sp., and two known species, Prosoponoides hamatum Millidge & Russell-Smith, 1992 and Prosoponoides sinense (Chen, 1991). Morphological descriptions and illustrations of P. hamatum and P. youyiensis Li...
The huntsman spider genus Pseudopoda Jäger, 2000 contains 140 species worldwide, of which 61 have been described from China. In this paper, this knowledge is increased by the description of two new species from Yunnan Province in China. These new species, P. physematosasp. nov. (♀) and P. semilunatasp. nov. (♂♀), are treated with five previously de...
The spider genus Sinopoda Jäger, 1999 in China is studied. Seventeen new species are described: S. abstrusa sp. nov. (♂♀, Xizang), S. aequalis sp. nov. (♂♀, Henan), S. apiculiformis sp. nov. (♂♀, Hunan), S. brevis sp. nov. (♂♀, Liaoning), S. changde sp. nov. (♂♀, Hunan, Shaanxi), S. columnaris sp. nov. (♀, Guizhou), S. curva sp. nov. (♂, Guangxi),...
The male of Barylestissaaristoi Jäger, 2008 is described for the first time from Menglun Town, Yunnan Province, China. This is the first record of this genus from China. An illustrated morphological description of this species is given.
Self-powered actuation driven by ambient humidity is of practical interest for applications such as hygroscopic artificial muscles. We demonstrate that spider dragline silk exhibits a humidity-induced torsional deformation of more than 300°/mm. When the relative humidity reaches a threshold of about 70%, the dragline silk starts to generate a large...
The taxonomic status of Pseudopodaaureola (He & Hu, 2000) is revised based on the re-examination of the type specimen and fresh material collected from the type locality. The cheliceral dentition, with a large denticle field between two anterior and three posterior teeth, the male palps with simple RTA arising distally, narrow, not filiform embolus...
The genus Neriene Blackwall, 1833 from China is reviewed. Two new species are described: Neriene lushanensis n. sp., Neriene orthocera n. sp. Ketambea liupanensis (Tang & Song, 1992) n. comb. and Ketambea nigripectoris (Oi, 1960) n. comb. are transferred from the genus Neriene. Nineteen known species are redescribed or diagnosed and discriminated f...
Five Sinopoda species in the okinawana-group including one new species from central and south-western China are treated in the current paper: S. cochlearia Zhang, Zhang & Zhang, 2015, S. fasciculata Jäger, Gao & Fei, 2002, S. guangyuanensis sp. nov., S. hamata (Fox, 1937) and S. wangi Song & Zhu, 1999. The female of S. fasciculata is described for...
Biological control using predators of key pest species is an attractive option in integrated pest management (IPM). Molecular gut analysis can provide an estimation of predator efficiency on a given prey. Here we use a combination of various experimental approaches, both in field and lab, to identify a potential biological control species of the co...
One new species group of the genus Pseudopoda Jäger, 2000 is described from Yunnan Province, China. The Pseudopoda daliensis-group includes two known species, Pseudopoda daliensis Jäger & Vedel, 2007 (♂♀), Pseudopoda kunmingensis Sun & Zhang, 2012 (♂♀), and three new species, Pseudopoda anguilliformis sp. nov. (♂♀), Pseudopoda sicyoidea sp. nov. (♂...
The torsional properties of spider dragline silks from Nephila edulis and Nephila pilipes spiders are investigated by using a torsion pendulum technique. A permanent torsional deformation is observed after even small torsional strain. This behaviour is quite different from that of the other materials tested here, i.e., carbon fiber, thin metallic w...
Background:
Predatory natural enemies play key functional roles in integrated pest management (IPM). However, the screening and evaluating of the main predators of insect pests has seldom been reported in the field. Here, we employed comprehensive indexes for evaluating the predation of a common pest (Ectropis obliqua) by nine common spider specie...
Five new Sinopoda species collected from China are diagnosed, described and illustrated: S. afflata sp. nov. (♀, Yunnan), S. horizontalis sp. nov. (♀, Fujian), S. liui sp. nov. (♀, Fujian), S. mamillata sp. nov. (♂♀, Yunnan), S. separata sp. nov. (♀, Yunnan). The female of S. anguina Liu, Li & Jäger, 2008 is described for the first time from Nujian...
The taxonomic impediment is characterized by dwindling classical taxonomic expertise, and slow pace of revisionary work, thus more rapid taxonomic assessments are needed. Here we pair rapid DNA barcoding methods with swift assessment of morphology in an effort to gauge diversity, establish species limits, and rapidly disseminate taxonomic informati...
The present study compares the community dynamics of spiders in the rubber plantation of Hainan Island to those of spiders in the island's natural forest. Hainan, which is the fifth largest rubber producer in the world, is the second largest island in China. It features a tropical climate, and is located in the South China Sea. Rubber plantations a...
Background
We aimed to investigate whether varicocele (VC) in rats can cause Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS).
Material/Methods
Forty adolescent SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: 4-weeks control group, 4-weeks experimental group, 12-weeks control group, and 12-weeks experimental group. Left varicocele models were introduced by partiall...
Besides the genus Olios Walckenaer, 1837, Heteropoda Latreille, 1804 is the most diverse genus in the spider family Sparassidae. Currently, a total of 217 Heteropoda species is known, among them 16 species from China (Platnick 2013). The species Heteropoda schwalbachorum Jäger, 2008 was first described by only one male specimen from Mt. Bawangling...
Nine new species of the family Nesticidae, collected from caves in Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan and Yunnan Provinces of China, are diagnosed, described and illustrated: Nesticella apiculata n. sp., Nesticella arcuata n. sp., Nesticella falcata n. sp., Nesticella gracilenta n. sp., Nesticella semicircularis n. sp., Nesticella shanlinensis n. sp., Nestice...
Two new species of the genus Rhitymna are described from Hainan Island (southern China): Rhitymna tangi sp. nov., Rhitymna macilenta sp. nov. Morphological descriptions and illustrations of the two new species are given. The type specimens of those new species are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing (IZCAS)...
The three molecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C3H4N2O2S, are connected via N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming layers normal to [001]. The rings of the molecules are approximately planar, with r.m.s. deviations of 0.0051 (1), 0.0044 (1) and 0.0111 (1) Å.
The crystal structure of the title complex, {(C2H8N)[CuCl2(N3)]}n, exhibits inorganic chains consisting of Cu(II) cations as well azide and chloride anions. The chains, made up from Cu—Cl—Cu—N—Cu linkages, are aligned parallel to the c axis. This architecture is further stabilized by a number of N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds involving the protonated charge...
The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C14H8ClF3O3, comprises two independent molecules. The rings in each molecule are connected together via O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds to form classical hydrogen-bonded carboxylic acid dimers. The dihedral angles between the benzene rings are 80.7 (1) and 68.7 (1)°.
Caves are among the most fascinating environments on Earth. Specialised cave biota provides evidence of evolutionary adaptations for living under severe conditions. However, little attention has been paid to the behaviour of cave spiders. In this study, we compared life history, including maternal care, cooperative prey-capture, tolerance among sib...
Six species of the genus Notiocoelotes Wang, Xu & Li, 2008, including four species newly described here, are known from Hainan Island, China. These are: N. lingulatus Wang, Xu & Li, 2008 (female); N. membranaceus sp. nov. (male); N. orbiculatus sp. nov. (female, male); N. palinitropus (Zhu & Wang, 1994) (female, male); N. pseudolingulatus sp. nov....
An extensive faunal survey of spiders from Xishuangbanna was carried out over one year (July 2006-August 2007) using various collecting techniques (ground pitfall traps, trunk pitfall traps, fogging and hand collecting). Three known Sparassidae species were collected: Heteropoda tetrica Thorell, 1897, Pseudopoda songi Jäger, 2008, and Pseudopoda na...
An extensive faunal survey of spiders from Xishuangbanna was carried out over one year (July 2006–August 2007) using various collecting techniques (ground pitfall traps, trunk pitfall traps, fogging and hand collecting). Three known Sparassidae species were collected: Heteropoda tetrica Thorell, 1897, Pseudopoda songi Jäger, 2008, and Pseudopoda na...
Liu, Jie, Chen, Jian (2010): A new species of the spider genus Neriene from Southwestern China (Araneae: Linyphiidae). Zootaxa 2483: 65-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.195492
The linyphiid genus Neriene Blackwall, 1833 was created by Blackwall without indication of a type species. There have been debates about this genus since then. Thorell (1870) synonymized Neriene with Linyphia Latreille, 1804, while van Helsdingen split up the genus Linyphia and re-established Neriene (van Helsdingen, 1969). This system has been gen...
Four new species of coelotine species from Xishuangbanna Rainforest, Yunnan, China are described: Coelotes forficatus sp. nov., Draconarius bannaensis sp. nov., Draconarius exiguus sp. nov. and Draconarius turriformis sp. nov. Morphological descriptions and illustrations of all the four new species are given. The type specimens are deposited in the...
Twenty three coelotine species from Northern Vietnam, including twenty one new species, are described and illustrated: Coelotes acerbus sp. nov.; C. furvus sp. nov.; C. perbrevis sp. nov.; C. polyedricus sp. nov.; C. songae sp. nov.; Draconarius clavellatus sp. nov.; D. cucphuongensis sp. nov.; D. ellipticus sp. nov.; D. hanoiensis Wang & Jäger, 20...
Jie Liu and Shu-Qiang Li (2009) New cave-dwelling coelotine spiders from the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, China (Araneae: Amaurobiidae) Zoological Studies 48(5): 665-681. Three new Coelotes species and 4 new Draconarius species from caves of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau of China are described: C. degeneratus sp. nov., C. laohuanglongensis sp. nov., C. unc...
Besides the genus Olios Walckenaer, 1837, Heteropoda Latreille, 1804 is the most diverse genus in the spider family Sparassidae. Currently, a total of 192 Heteropoda species are known, among them 13 from China (Platnick 2008). In the current paper, the female of Heteropoda squamacea Wang, 1990 is described for the first time. The previously propose...
Nine new species of the genus Sinopoda, collected from Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and Hainan Island of southern China, are described: Sinopoda anguina sp. nov., Sinopoda crassa sp. nov., Sinopoda fornicata sp. nov., Sinopoda grandispinosa sp. nov., Sinopoda nuda sp. nov., Sinopoda semicirculata sp. nov., Sinopoda triangula sp. nov., Sinopoda undata sp....
Nine new species of the genus Sinopoda, collected from Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and Hainan Island of southern China, are described: Sinopoda anguina sp. nov., Sinopoda crassa sp. nov., Sinopoda fornicata sp. nov., Sinopoda grandispinosa sp. nov., Sinopoda nuda sp. nov., Sinopoda semicirculata sp. nov., Sinopoda triangula sp. nov., Sinopoda undata sp....
Four new species of the genus Platocoelotes, collected from caves in Guangxi and Guizhou of southwestern China, are diagnosed, described and illustrated: Platocoelotes ampulliformis sp. nov., Platocoelotes brevis sp. nov., Platocoelotes furcatus sp. nov., and Platocoelotes strombuliformis sp. nov.. The type specimens are deposited in the Institute...
Four new species of the genus Platocoelotes, collected from caves in Guangxi and Guizhou of southwestern China, are diagnosed, described and illustrated: Platocoelotes ampulliformis sp. nov., Platocoelotes brevis sp. nov., Platocoelotes furcatus sp. nov., and Platocoelotes strombuliformis sp. nov.. The type specimens are deposited in the Institute...
FIGURES 3 A – F. Sinopoda grandispinosa sp. nov., holotype (A – D), paratype (E – F). A. Left male palp, prolateral view; B. Same, ventral view; C. Same, retrolateral view; D. Left male palpal tibia, dorsal view; E. Epigyne, ventral view; F. Vulva, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.2 mm.
FIGURES 4 A – B. Sinopoda longshan Yin, Peng, Yan & Bao 2000, holotype. A. Epigyne, ventral view; B. Vulva, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.2 mm.
FIGURE 11. Sinopoda undata sp. nov. female paratype, habitus, dorsal view (taken in Yeniudong Cave, Mengyuan Village, Mengla County, Xishuangbana Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, CHINA). (Photo by Dr Jinshuo Zhang).
FIGURE 12. Collection localities of nine new Sinopoda species, described in this paper.
FIGURES 10 A – L. A – D. Sinopoda nuda sp. nov. (A – B. Male holotype, C – D. Female paratype from Hejiaodong Cave); E – H. Sinopoda semicirculata sp. nov. (E – F. Male holotype, G – H. Female paratype); I – L. Sinopoda triangula sp. nov. (I – J. Male holotype, K – L. Female paratype) (A, C, E, G, I, K, dorsal view; B, D, F, H, J, L, ventral view.)...
FIGURES 1 A – G. Sinopoda anguina sp. nov., holotype. A. Left male palp, prolateral view; B. Same, ventral view; C. Same, retrolateral view; D. Same, dorsal view; E. Embolus and embolic apophysis, retrolateral view; F. Same, prolateral view; G. Same, ventral view. Scale lines: 0.2 mm.
FIGURES 2 A – F. A – B. Sinopoda fornicata sp. nov., holotype. C – D. Sinopoda yaojingensis sp. nov., holotype. E – F. Sinopoda crassa sp. nov., holotype. (A, C, E, Epigyne, ventral view; B, D, F, Vulva, dorsal view). Scale lines: 0.2 mm.
