Jiann-Shing Shieh

Yuan Ze University · Department of Mechanical Engineering

Processed electroencephalogram (EEG) has been considered a useful tool for measuring the depth of anesthesia (DOA). However, because of its inability to detect the activities of the brain stem and spinal cord responsible for most of the vital signs, a new biomarker for measuring the multidimensional activities of the central nervous system under an...

Traditional pest control approaches rely mostly on the experience of farmers, which may not be effective due to lack of scientific information regarding the environment where crops grow. Farmers can initiate a more effective integrated pest management program when precise and quantified results of forecasting pest population outbreaks are provided....

There are many surgical operations performed daily in operation rooms worldwide. Adequate anesthesia is needed during an operation. Besides hypnosis, adequate analgesia is critical to prevent autonomic reactions. Clinical experience and vital signs are usually used to adjust the dosage of analgesics. Analgesia nociception index (ANI), which ranges...

Pain is a complex term that describes various sensations that create discomfort in various ways or types inside the human body. Generally, pain has consequences that range from mild to severe in different organs of the body and will depend on the way it is caused, which could be an injury, illness or medical procedures including testing, surgeries...

In this paper, an effective electrocardiogram (ECG) recurrence plot (RP)-based arrhythmia classification algorithm that can be implemented in portable devices is presented. Public databases from PhysioNet were used to conduct this study including the MIT-BIH Atrial Fibrillation Database, the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database, the MIT-BIH Malignant Ventri...

Binding of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to toll-like receptor 4 induces release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and leads to inflammatory pathologies. An immunosuppression status develops together with LPS-induced inflammation named LPS tolerance, which refers to downregulation of LPS signaling after pre-exposure...

A double layered SnO2/WO3 sensing film was prepared on a P-type silicon wafer and the sensing characteristics of SnO2 film and SnO2/WO3 double layered film have been investigated. The micro films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM), line mapping micrograph from SEM, the response and recovery time of SnO2 film...

Anesthesia is a necessary process for undergoing surgery and it consist of hypnosis, nociception, and neuromuscular blockade. Inadequate drug dosage would cause severe consequences on both intraoperative and postoperative. The automatic control of anesthesia is to manipulate the dosage and concentration of various anesthetic drug based on the subje...

Electroencephalogram (EEG) has been widely used to measure the effect of anesthetics on the central nervous system. However, EEG signals are very prone to artifacts. In this article, EEG variability (EEGV) is proposed, and nonlinear models are used to analyze EEGV for measuring the depth of anesthesia (DoA). First, the time intervals between succes...

Deep learning methods are currently used in industries to improve the efficiency and quality of the product. Detecting defects on printed circuit boards (PCBs) is a challenging task and is usually solved by automated visual inspection, automated optical inspection, manual inspection, and supervised learning methods, such as you only look once (YOLO...

In this paper, a new approach of extracting and measuring the variability in electroencephalogram (EEG) was proposed to assess the depth of anesthesia (DOA) under general anesthesia. The EEG variability (EEGV) was extracted as a fluctuation in time interval that occurs between two local maxima of EEG. Eight parameters related to EEGV were measured...

This study evaluates cardiovascular and cerebral hemodynamics systems by only using non-invasive electrocardiography (ECG) signals. The Massachusetts General Hospital/Marquette Foundation (MGH/MF) and Cerebral Hemodynamic Autoregulatory Information System Database (CHARIS DB) from the PhysioNet database are used for cardiovascular and cerebral hemo...

During surgeries, the amount of used anesthetic depends on the physical conditions of the patient and is immensely critical. The conventionally used BIS Quantro machine which measures the Bispectral Index (BIS) level in order to help doctors administer anesthesia, is quite expensive. In this paper, an economic, accurate and state-of-the-art techniq...

According to a recently conducted survey on surgical complication mortality rate, 47% of such cases are due to anesthetics overdose. This indicates that there is an urgent need to moderate the level of anesthesia. Recently deep learning (DL) methods have played a major role in estimating the depth of Anesthesia (DOA) of patients and has played an e...

In this paper, a new model known as YOLO-v5 is initiated to detect defects in PCB. In the past many models and different approaches have been implemented in the quality inspection for detection of defect in PCBs. This algorithm is specifically selected due to its efficiency, accuracy and speed. It is well known that the traditional YOLO models (YOL...

Introduction THP-1 cells, a human leukemia monocytic cell line, differentiated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) are widely used as surrogate of human macrophages. Differentiated THP-1 cells acquire macrophage-like characteristics including more adherence and altered cell function. Nitric oxide (NO), an intracellular messenger, is critical in regu...

Pain is a subjective feeling; it is a sensation that every human being must have experienced all their life. Yet, its mechanism and the way to immune to it is still a question to be answered. This review presents the mechanism and correlation of pain and stress, their assessment and detection approach with medical devices and wearable sensors. Vari...

Cardiovascular diseases affect approximately 50 million people worldwide; thus, heart disease prevention is one of the most important tasks of any health care system. Despite the high popularity electrocardiography, superior automatic electrocardiography (ECG) signal analysis methods are required. The aim of this research was to design a new deep l...

In this study, magnetic properties and microstructure of L10 MnGa thin films deposited at different substrate temperatures (Ts) were carried out in order to determine the onset of the hard magnetic MnGa phase onto glass substrate. The thickness of MnGa thin film was kept at 200 nm while the Ts was varied from room temperature (RT) to 600°C. When th...

Objective To investigate the potential of EEG multiscale entropy and complexity as biomarkers in infantile spasms. Methods We collected EEG data retrospectively from 16 newly diagnosed patients, 16 age- and gender-matched healthy controls, and 15 drug-resistant patients. The multiscale entropy (MSE) and total EEG complexity before anti-epileptic d...

According United States Geological Survey, Aceh is the northwestern part in Indonesia that has been affected by numerous strong earthquakes since 2004 tsunami. These earthquakes have generated massive impact to the buildings around the area, especially for the reinforced concrete based buildings. One of the most important problems to the reinforced...

In this study, a deep learning algorithm based on the you-only-look-once (YOLO) approach is proposed for the quality inspection of printed circuit boards (PCBs). The high accuracy and efficiency of deep learning algorithms has resulted in their increased adoption in every field. Similarly, accurate detection of defects in PCBs by using deep learnin...

Objective: Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects autonomous nervous system disturbance and is used for seizure prediction. The aim of this study was to develop a real-time, continuous physiological medical signal data acquisition system in seizure detection for intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: This prospective study was conducted in National Tai...

The Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a multi-protein complex composed of NLRP3, pro-caspase-1, and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein that contains a caspase recruitment domain (ASC). After NLRP3 priming by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the ligand of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome triggers casp...

Hypertension affects a huge number of people around the world. It also has a great contribution to cardiovascular- and renal-related diseases. This study investigates the ability of a deep convolutional autoencoder (DCAE) to generate continuous arterial blood pressure (ABP) by only utilizing photoplethysmography (PPG). A total of 18 patients are ut...

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) resuscitates patients suffering from cardiac arrest. Mechanical chest compression CPR highlights the need for high CPR quality to facilitate survival and neurological recovery. However, current CPR devices cannot be used on pregnant women or infants. These devices’ long re-setup times interrupt CPR and can cause...

Currently, no device is available for the rapid screening of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) at an early stage. Accordingly, we propose the design of an offline gas detection system to monitor and detect metabolites of pneumonia at an early stage. An electronic nose (e-nose) with 28 metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors was developed for pred...

During general anesthesia, anesthesiologists who provide anesthetic dosage traditionally play a fundamental role to regulate Bispectral Index (BIS). However, in this paper, an optimized type-2 Self-Organizing Fuzzy Logic Controller (SOFLC) is designed for Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) pump related to propofol dosing guided by BIS, to realize aut...

Recently, significant developments have been achieved in the field of artificial intelligence, in particular the introduction of deep learning technology that has improved the learning and prediction accuracy to unpresented levels, especially when dealing with big data and high-resolution images. Significant developments have occurred in the area o...

The emulation of human behavior for autonomous problem solving has been an interdisciplinary field of research. Generally, classical control systems are used for static environments, where external disturbances and changes in internal parameters can be fully modulated before or neglected during operation. However, classical control systems are inad...

One of the most challenging predictive data analysis efforts is accurate prediction of depth of anesthesia (DOA) indicators which has attracted a growing attention since it provides patients a safe surgical environment in case of secondary damage caused by intraoperative awareness or brain injury. However, many researchers put heavily handcraft fea...

One concern to the patients is the off-line detection of pneumonia infection status after using the ventilator in the intensive care unit. Hence, machine learning methods for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) rapid diagnose are proposed. A popular device, Cyranose 320 e-nose, is usually used in research on lung disease, which is a highly integr...

The international association for the study of pain (IASP), describes pain as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Pain is a system of defense mechanism that prompts the body to avoid the source of noxious stimulation and a potential area of tissue damage. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is the e...

This study proposes an interval type-2 fuzzy logic system (IT2FLS) for stock index forecasting based on a fuzzy time series and a fuzzy logical relationship map (FLRM). First, variations within the data are found, with the maximum and minimum variations used for the interval settings of the universe of discourse. The time series variations are fuzz...

Acute stroke commonly affects cardiac autonomic responses resulting in reduced heart rate variability (HRV). Multiscale entropy (MSE) is a novel non-linear method to quantify the complexity of HRV. This study investigated the influence of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) locations and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) on the complexity of HRV. We rec...

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal analysis is commonly employed to extract information on the brain dynamics. It mainly targets brain status and communication, thus providing potential to trace differences in the brain’s activity under different anesthetics. In this article, two kinds of gamma-amino butyric acid (type A -GABAA) dependent anesthetic...

With critical importance of medical healthcare, there exist urgent needs for in-depth medical studies that can access and analyze specific physiological signals to provide theoretical support for practical clinical care. As a consequence, obtaining the valuable medical data with minimal cost and impacts on hospital work comes as the first concern o...

Estimating the depth of anaesthesia (DoA) in operations has always been a challenging issue due to the underlying complexity of the brain mechanisms. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are undoubtedly the most widely used signals for measuring DoA. In this paper, a novel EEG-based index is proposed to evaluate DoA for 24 patients receiving general...

Introduction Apnea is one of critical parts for cardiovascular diseases and stroke. The evaluations of the pulse rate and heart rate variabilities are the main features in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The evaluations of power spectral density (PSD) and electrocardiography (ECG) have shown good correlation. The purpose of this study is to recogniz...

Introduction Sleep is essential for the human life. Insufficient sleep has negative effect on the cardiac system. Furthermore, a study revealed the correlation between sleep and diabetes. Meanwhile, sleep is also related memory loss. Autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an advanced part of the sleep quality measurement. Heart rate variability (HRV); c...

During surgical procedures, bispectral index (BIS) is a well-known measure used to determine the patient’s depth of anesthesia (DOA). However, BIS readings can be subject to interference from many factors during surgery, and other parameters such as blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) can provide more stable indicators. However, anesthesiologis...

Equally partitioned data are essential for prediction. However, in some important cases, the data distribution is severely unbalanced. In this study, several algorithms are utilized to maximize the learning accuracy when dealing with a highly unbalanced dataset. A linguistic algorithm is applied to evaluate the input and output relationship, namely...

Important information about the state dynamics of the brain during anesthesia is unraveled by Electroencephalogram (EEG) approaches. Patterns that are observed through EEG related to neural circuit mechanism under different molecular targets dependent anesthetics have recently attracted much attention. Propofol, a Gamma-amino butyric acid, is known...

Evaluation of depth of anaesthesia (DoA) is critical in clinical surgery. Indices derived from electroencephalogram (EEG) are currently widely used to quantify DoA. However, there are known to be inaccurate under certain conditions; therefore, experienced anaesthesiologists rely on the monitoring of vital signs such as body temperature, pulse rate,...

This study evaluates four databases from PhysioNet: The American Heart Association database (AHADB), Creighton University Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia database (CUDB), MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database (MITDB), and MIT-BIH Noise Stress Test database (NSTDB). The ANSI/AAMI EC57:2012 is used for the evaluation of the algorithms for the supraventricular ecto...

Heart rate variability (HRV), analyzed by non-linear methods confer prognostic values. HRV of a heart reviving from extracorporeal circulation (EC) has not been elaborated. We applied Multi-scale entropy (MSE) and Detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) to study the HRV of patients receiving open-heart surgeries needing EC, during which the heart is s...

Electroencephalography (EEG) is frequently used in functional neurological assessment of children with neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Multiscale entropy (MSE) can reveal complexity in both short and long time scales and is more feasible in the analysis of EEG. Entropy-based estimation of EEG complexity is a powerful tool in investigat...

Objective: Tourette syndrome is a developmental neuropsychiatric disorder in children, and abnormal corticobasal ganglion connectivity is implied for the pathophysiology. Multiscale entropy, an entropy-based method to measure dynamic complexity at multiple temporal scales, is helpful to disclose the information of brain connectivity. This prelimina...

The present study aimed to compare various entropy measures to assess the dynamics and complexity of center of pressure (COP) displacements. Perturbing balance tests are often used in healthy subjects to imitate either pathological conditions or to test the sensitivity of postural analysis techniques. Eleven healthy adult subjects were asked to sta...

Phase-rectified signal averaging (PRSA) has been known to be a useful method to detect periodicities in non-stationary biological signals. Determination of quasi-periodicities in electroencephalogram (EEG) is a candidate for quantifying the changes of depth of anesthesia (DOA). In this paper, DOA monitoring capacity of periodicities detected using...

Objective: Tourette syndrome is a developmental neuropsychiatric disorder in children, and abnormal corticobasal ganglion connectivity is implied for the pathophysiology. Multiscale entropy, an entropy-based method to measure dynamic complexity at multiple temporal scales, is helpful to disclose the information of brain connectivity. This prelimin...

Cerebral autoregulation (CA) is an important mechanism for maintaining constant cerebral blood flow during changes in blood pressure. Although previous studies have shown that CA may be impaired in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), the variability of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in response to changes in CA has not been investigated. In th...

The definition of the depth of anesthesia (DOA) is still controversial and its measurement is not completely standardized in modern anesthesia. Power spectral analysis is an important method for feature detection in electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. Several spectral parameters derived from EEG have been proposed for measuring DOA in clinical appl...

This study evaluates the performance of the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) filtering applied to the vertical movement motion artifact (MA). The evaluation of the filtering algorithm is investigated by the heart rate (HR) frequency assessment calculated by the fast Fourier transform (FFT), the intrinsic mode function (IMF) selection al...

Electroencephalography (EEG) has been widely utilized to measure the depth of anaesthesia (DOA) during operation. However, the EEG signals are usually contaminated by artifacts which have a consequence on the measured DOA accuracy. In this study, an effective and useful filtering algorithm based on multivariate empirical mode decomposition and mult...

Atrial fibrillation is the most commonly confronted cardiac arrhythmia in humans. This paper is written to use sample entropy and percentage of atrial fibrillation as a measure of regularity to measure AF. To assume the percentage of AF, 25 long-term ECG recordings of human subjects with atrial fibrillation containing a total of 299 AF episodes wer...

Due to 3D printing is very popular of recent years, we can use 3D printer to make anything we want, and even like the prosthetic hands. We found a foreign network platform (ENABLING THE FUTURE) in which we can download a variety of prosthetic hands' files for free. We join the Enabling the Future organization, and often talk to the members and disc...

Tri-axial accelerometer is a useful sensor. Most devices use it to detect the steps and human's activity. Some devices use it for digital spirit level meter. Since the first generation of iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, modern smart phones have built in accelerometers which promise to enable quantifying minute-by-minute what people do (e.g.,...

The purpose of this paper is to propose a modular integrating algorithm. This algorithm can let the program detect multiple arrhythmias and is very easy to add more diseases detection algorithm. Also, it can save the repeated calculations in multiple algorithms. By a real test of the program, the result is that the computing time of the integrating...

A heart rate variability (HRV) measuring system and its analysis method have been developed in this study. It is composed of a hardware measuring system based on a noninvasive photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal measuring device to acquire oxyhemoglobin saturation using pulse oximetry (SpO2) signals and a further software package including the metho...

Objective: To address the importance of bundle care for catheter-related infection (CRBSI) on the basis of long-term observation in a catheter-abundant cardiovascular intensive care unit (CVICU). Design: Prospective longitudinal cohort study. Setting: CVICU of a tertiary referring medical centre in northern Taiwan. Participants: Around 1400...

In this study, we use an accelerometer sensor to measure human postural signals during a dynamic task. In previous studies, the step stability index (SSI) has been used to assess human balance via similar sensors. However, the placement of the 3 dimensional sensor differed and placed on the lower back of the subjects. To improve the detection metho...