Jianbo Xiao

University of Vigo | UVIGO · Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry

The natural flavonoids, especially their glycosides, are the most abundant polyphenols in foods and have diverse bioactivities. The biotransformation of flavonoid aglycones into their glycosides is vital in flavonoid biosynthesis. The main biological strategies that have been used to achieve flavonoid glycosylation in the laboratory involve metabol...

Most data of bioactivity from dietary polyphenols have been derived from in vitro cell culture experiments. In this context, little attention is paid to potential artifacts due to chemical instability of these natural antioxidants. An early degradation time (CT10) and half-degradation time (CT50) were defined to characterize the stability of 53 nat...

Scope: In this study, the antidiabetic activity of Lessonia nigrescens ethanolic extract (LNE) was investigated in streptozotocin (SZT)-induced type 2 diabetic mice fed with a high-sucrose/high-fat diet. Methods and results: The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with photo-diode array detector and electrospray ionization-mass...

Glucosidase (AG) inhibitors, one of the classes of oral antidiabetics used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus, delay digestion and absorption of glucose, which in turn, has a lowering effect on postprandial blood glucose and insulin levels. Natural products are a great source for the development of new AG inhibitory drug candidates. We aim to summar...

Sulfated κ-carrageenan (S-KC), carboxymethylated κ-carrageenan (C-KC), acetylated κ-carrageenan (A-KC) and phosphorylated κ-carrageenan (P-KC) were synthesized and tested for their inhibitory effect on heterocyclic amine (HAs) formation in roasted tilapia fish patties. Fish patties with 1 % of each hydrocolloid prepared by 90 % of fish and 10 % of...

In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of three soybean isoflavones and two soybean phytosterols on the formation of 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol fatty acid esters (3-MCPDE) and aldehydes in heated soybean oil model. 0.4 mM of genistin, genistein, daidzein, stigmasterol, and β-sitosterol significantly reduced 3-MCPDE formation by 25.7, 5...

Starch-based materials have viscoelasticity, viscous film-forming, dough pseudoplasticity, and rheological properties, which possess the structural characteristics (crystal structure, double helix structure, and layered structure) suitable for three-dimensional (3D) food printing inks. 3D food printing technology has significant advantages in custo...

The processing of surimi products requires the addition of high levels of salt, which makes it a high-salt food that poses a risk to human health. The search for exogenous additives to reduce the salt content of surimi products while ensuring their quality characteristics is crucial. Therefore, the effect of different species of cellulose on enhanc...

Natural emulsifier‐stabilized emulsions have garnered a significant amount of attention in many industries including foods, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, health care formulations, paints, polymer blends and oils. Various methods have been used to improve the bioavailability of functional substances, such as microemulsions, nanoemulsions, Pickering em...

Monosodium glutamate is a non-essential amino acid in the human body that has been widely used as a food additive since 1909 due to its unique umami taste. Typical food containing monosodium glutamate include tomatoes, yeast extracts, fermented soy products, and cheese. After entering the human body, it is mainly absorbed in the small intestine by...

Flavonoid compounds exhibit a wide range of health benefits as plant-derived dietary components. Typically, co-consumed with the food matrix,they must be released from the matrix and converted into an absorbable form (bioaccessibility) before reaching the small intestine, where they are eventually absorbed and transferred into the bloodstream (bioa...

Myricitrin is a member of flavonols, natural phenolic compounds extracted from plant resources. It has gained great attention for various biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, as well as cardio-/neuro-/hepatoprotective activities. These effects have been demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo models, makin...

Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are the final products of the non-enzymatic interaction between reducing sugars and amino groups in proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. In numerous diseases, such as diabetes, neuropathy, atherosclerosis, aging, nephropathy, retinopathy, and chronic renal illness, accumulation of AGEs has been proposed as a pa...

In this study, the gel properties of ultrasonic alone, curdlan treatment alone, and the combination of both at low-salt surimi levels were investigated, mainly in terms of textural properties, water holding capacity, water distribution, dynamic rheology, protein secondary structure, microstructure and correlation analysis. The results showed that t...

Non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, obesity, and hypertension, represent the cause of 60% of all deaths around the globe. With proper diet and natural dietary antioxidant supplements, these diseases can be prevented by up to 40% according to the British Nutrition Foundation. This book provides a comprehensiv...

Accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is linked with development or aggravation of many degenerative processes or disorders. Fruit vinegars are rich in polyphenols that can be a good dietary source of AGEs inhibitors. In this study, eight kinds of vinegars were prepared. Among them, the highest polyphenol and flavonoid content were...

Saponins, consisting of sapogenins as their aglycones and carbohydrate chains, are widely found in plants and some marine organisms. Due to the complexity of the structure of saponins, involving different types of sapogenins and sugar moieties, investigation of their absorption and metabolism is limited, which further hinders the explanation of the...

Many bioactive compounds are reported from marine organisms, which are significantly different from those found in terrestrial organisms regarding their chemical structures and pharmacological activities. Marine glycoproteins (MGs) have aroused increasing attention as a good nutrient source owing to their potential applications in medicine, cosmeti...

Infant formula is related to children's life and health. However, the existing identification methods for infant formula are time-consuming, costly and prone to environmental pollution. Therefore, a simple, efficient and less polluting identification method for infant formula is urgently needed. The aim of this study was to distinguish between goat...

Polyhydroxy flavonols readily degraded during thermal processing. In this study, the UPLC-Q-tof-MS/MS was applied to explore the stability of dietary polyhydroxy flavonols, myricetin, kaempferol, galangin, fisetin, myricitrin, quercitrin and rutin, in boiling water. The decomposition of flavonols was mainly caused by the heterocyclic ring C opening...

The gelatin/gellan gum based-bilayer emulsion film was developed in this work to improve the survivability of Bifidobacterium longum during the storage process. The baobab seed oil (BO) was added to the gelatin (GE) matrix to develop emulsion film as the barrier outer layer. The blueberry anthocyanin extract (BE) was incorporated into the gellan gu...

Grape is the third most produced fruit in the world, owing to its taste and its use as raw material for winemaking. Due to this fact, large volumes of waste biomass are generated as a result of grape juice and wine production, mainly grape seeds (GS) and peels. In recent decades, scientific research has highlighted the high content of polyphenols i...

The number of preclinical and clinical studies evaluating natural products-based management of dementia has gradually increased, with an exponential rise in 2020 and 2021. Keeping this in mind, we examined current trends from 2016 to 2021 in order to assess the growth potential of natural products in the treatment of dementia. Publicly available li...

Large volumes of organic waste are generated from growing, harvesting and processing crops. These organic bioresidues contain large quantities of diverse bioactive molecules, including phenolic compounds. These compounds have significant antioxidant and health-promoting properties. A more sustainable approach can be taken to manage organic agricult...

Moringa oleifera Lam. (M. oleifera) is a fast-growing and esculent plant with high nutritional and medicinal values. Traditionally, M. oleifera has been applied to treat anaemia, asthma, pain in joints, headaches, diarrhoea and so forth. Phytochemical studies have manifested that more than 300 components, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, organ...

Fungal response to oxidative stress during infection on postharvest fruit is largely unknown. Here, we found that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment inhibited the growth of Fusarium proliferatum causing crown rot of banana fruit, confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation. H2O2 exposure in...

Seed mucilages are potential sources of natural polysaccharides. They are biodegradable, biocompatible, sustainable, renewable, and safe for human consumption. Due to the desirable physicochemical and functional properties (e.g. gelling, thickening, stabilizing, and emulsifying), seed mucilages have attracted extensive attention from researchers fo...

Zizania latifolia is an aquatic and medicinal plant with a long history of development in China and the East Asian region. The smut fungus "Ustilago esculenta" parasitizes Z. latifolia and induces culm expansion to form a vegetable named Jiaobai, which has a unique taste and nutritional attributes. However, the postharvest quality of water bamboo s...

Scope: Phytosterols (PS) and sterol oxidation products are key dietary factors influencing atherosclerosis besides cholesterol, although the mechanisms remain elusive. Recently, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has revealed the heterogeneity of multiple cell types associated with complex pathogenesis in atherosclerosis development. Methods...

Blackberry polysaccharide was isolated from blackberry powder with 70% ethanol. The crude polysaccharide was composed of 95.44% glucose, 2.01% arabinose, 1.81% galactose and 0.74% glucuronic acid. Chicken breast meat was only marinated with different concentrations of the isolated blackberry polysaccharide (1 g/kg, 3 g/kg) for 24 h at a ratio of ma...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) on the physico-chemical and mechanical properties of unrinsed surimi gels during heat treatment. The results revealed that the addition of CMC could significantly (p < 0.05) improve the gel strength, texture properties of unrinsed surimi gels and imparted be...

Alkaloids are a type of secondary metabolites that can be found in different parts of plants. This group of compounds is diverse and can be divided into nine subgroups: pyridine, tropane, isoquinoline, phenanthrene, phenylethylamine, indole, purine, imidazole, and terpenoids. Most of these compounds are recognized for their anti-inflammatory, antit...

Citrus is an important genus in the Rutaceae family, with high medicinal and economic value, and includes important crops such as lemons, orange, grapefruits, limes, etc. The Citrus species is rich sources of carbohydrates, vitamins, dietary fibre, and phytochemicals, mainly including limonoids, flavonoids, terpenes, and carotenoids. Citrus essenti...

Ovalbumin (OVA) is the most abundant protein in egg white, with excellent functional properties (e.g., gelling, foaming, emulsifying properties). Nevertheless, OVA has strong allergenicity, which is usually mediated by specific IgE thus results in gut microbiota dysbiosis and causes atopic dermatitis, asthma, and other inflammation actions. Process...

The prevalence of neurodegenerative, cerebrovascular, and psychiatric diseases and other neurological disorders has increased dramatically worldwide. Fucoxanthin is an algal pigment with many biological functions, and there is rising evidence that fucoxanthin plays a preventive and therapeutic role in neurological disorders. This review focuses on...

Agro seeds are vulnerable to environmental stressors, adversely affecting seed vigor, crop growth, and crop productivity. Different agrochemical-based seed treatments enhance seed germination, but they can also cause damage to the environment; therefore, sustainable technologies such as nano-based agrochemicals are urgently needed. Nanoagrochemical...

Arctium lappa L. is a medicinal edible homologous plant, commonly known as burdock or bardana, which belongs to the Asteraceae family. It is widely distributed throughout Northern Asia, Europe, and North America and has been utilized for hundreds of years. The roots, fruits, seeds, and leaves of A. lappa have been extensively used in traditional Ch...

Harman and norharman were the most abundant β-carboline-type heterocyclic amines (HCAs) detected in various foodstuffs. Unsaturated fatty acids in foods may undergo rapid oxidative deterioration during transportation, storage and heat treatment, forming reactive carbonyl species (RCS). This work studied the effects of acrolein, a highly reactive RC...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are at substantially higher risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and IBD-associated CRC accounts for roughly 10-15% of the annual mortality in IBD patients. IBD-related CRC also affects younger patients if compared with sporadic CRC, with a 5-year survival rate of 50%. Regardless of medical therapies, the persis...

Visual indicator bi-layer films were manufactured incorporating κ-carrageenan, butterfly pea flower anthocyanin, varying Nano‑titanium dioxide (TiO2) content and agar for Penaeus chinensis (Chinese white shrimp) freshness detection. The κ-carrageenan-anthocyanin (CA) layer served as indicator, while the TiO2-agar (TA) layer functioned as the protec...

Background: Currently, balanced diet and healthy foods are attracting increasing attention due to their great health-beneficial effects. The tuber of Dioscorea (yam) is both edible and medicinal, as it contains various functional compounds with multiple pharmacological activities and disease targets. Moreover, yam tuber can serve as a vegetable or...

Unlabelled: ***Introduction Dietary fiber and flavonoids are promising drugs reported in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, it is unclear the interaction between dietary fiber and flavonoids in gut health. Objective: The therapeutic effect of celery, kale, and red chicory powders on colitis mice using non-group feeding c...

Cuticular wax plays a major role in the growth and storage of plant fruits. The cuticular wax coating, which covers the outermost layer of a fruit’s epidermal cells, is insoluble in water. Cuticular wax is mainly composed of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs); their derivatives, including esters, primary alcohols, secondary alcohols, aldehydes, a...

Introduction Torreya grandis is a gymnosperm belonging to Taxodiaceae. As an economically important tree, its kernels are edible and rich in oil with high unsaturated fatty acids, such as sciadonic acid. However, the kernels from different T. grandis landraces exhibit fatty acid and oil content variations. Objectives As a gymnosperm, does T. grand...

Chloramphenicol (CAP) is a widely used antibiotic for the treatment of sick animals owing to its potent action and low cost. However, the accumulation of CAP in the human body can cause irreversible aplastic anemia and hematopoietic toxicity. Accordingly, development of various analytical techniques for the rapid detection of CAP in animal products...

Postharvest handling is an important approach to reduce loss and ensure the global supply of fresh fruits and vegetables (FVs). Recently, nanomaterials are increasingly recognized for their great potentials in extending shelf life and maintaining the quality of postharvest FVs owing to their unique properties and outstanding functions with extremel...

Over the last decade, isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) using up to 5 light stable isotopes (13C/12C, 2H/1H, 15N/14N, 18O/16O, 34S/32S) has become more widely applied for food origin verification as well as food authentication in China. IRMS technology is increasingly used to authenticate a range of food products including organic foods, honey...

Background The development of digital technologies and the evolution of open innovation approaches have enabled the creation of diverse virtual organizations and enterprises coordinating their activities primarily online. The open innovation platform titled “International Natural Product Sciences Taskforce” (INPST) was established in 2018, to bring...

Litchi polysaccharides are a kind of macromolecular polymers with various biological activities and a wide range of molecular weights. In this study, two separate fractions, with average molecular weights of 378.67 kDa (67.33%) and 16.96 kDa (6.95%), which were referred to as LP1 and LP2, respectively, were separated using an ultrafiltration membra...

Dietary flavonoids are abundant in natural plants and possess multiple pharmacological and nutritional activities. In this study, apigenin, luteolin, and baicalein were chosen to evaluate their anti-diabetic effect in high-glucose and dexamethasone induced insulin-resistant (IR) HepG2 cells. All flavonoids improves the glucose consumption and glyco...

Eating insects has been a widespread habit in many cultures for many years. Edible insects represent an innovative food source with many advantages that will help the problem of protein and energy shortages created by the rapid growth of the world population. Using insects as food can increase the economy and help protect the environment and the hu...

Apigenin (4′,5,7‐trihydroxyflavone) is a natural flavone reported to present anti‐diabetic and anti‐oxidative bioactivities. The effect of apigenin to mitigate endothelial dysfunction in diabetes remains to be investigated. In the present study, the vaso‐protective effect of apigenin as well as its underlying action mechanisms was investigated usin...

Covering: 2009 to 2021Biosynthetically, most of the syntheses of triterpenes follow the cascade cyclization and rearrangement of the acyclic precursors viz., squalene (S) and 2,3-oxidosqualene (OS), which lead to the very well known tetra- and pentacyclic triterpene skeletons. Aside from these, numerous other triterpenoid molecules are also reporte...

By establishing insulin resistance model of Caenorhabditis elegans, the effects of Rhodiola rosea extract and its compounds on glucose level, insulin signal intensity, antioxidant enzymes and cell apoptosis of C. elegans were investigated in present study. The mRNA expression of DAF-2, DAF-16, AkT-1, SKN-1, AAK-2 and SOD-3 were detected by qRT-PCR....

Kale has been reported to have potential alleviating effects on colitis. However, the functional activities of kale dietary fibers and kale flavonoids (KF), as well as the effects of their combined use, were currently unknown. In this study, the efficacy of whole kale, kale soluble dietary fiber (KSDF), kale insoluble dietary fiber (KIDF), KF, mixt...

The current consumers' demand for food naturalness is urging the search for new functional foods of natural origin with enhanced health-promoting properties. In this sense, algae constitute an underexplored biological source of nutraceuticals that can be used to fortify food products. Both marine macroalgae (or seaweeds) and microalgae exhibit a my...

The present research signifies the anti-obesity potential of Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. and its techno-functional properties. Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. is a medicinal plant that belongs to the Nyctaginaceae family. Studies have reported the various bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, etc., in...

Controversy exists as toward the association of excessive fruits intake and certain disease risks. Longan is an edible fruit rich in high levels of fructose, glucose and sucrose. Herein, the effect of longan fruit on the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was investigated. Longan extracts at the doses of 4.0 g/kg, 8.0, and 16.0...

Oil palm industries produce large quantity of wastes, and their limited usage causes major disposal problem in the mills and environmental pollution. Nevertheless, the oil palm leaves (OPL) contain numerous nutritional components especially protein that is applicable to food as a functional ingredient. Thus, this study aimed to extract protein hydr...

Neohesperidin (hesperetin 7-O-neohesperidoside), a well-known flavanone glycoside widely found in citrus fruits, exhibits a variety of biological activities, with potential applications ranging from food ingredients to therapeutics. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide a comprehensive overview of the chemical, biosynthesis, and pharmacokine...