Jian Wang

Northwest A & F University · College of Veterinary Medicin

Purpose: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare mesenchymal malignancy that occurs primarily in children and adolescents. The clinical and pathological features of IMT in adult patients are not well understood. Materials and methods: We retrospectively searched for records of adult patients with IMT at Fudan University Shanghai Cance...

An InGaAs/AlInAs quantum cascade detector (QCD) with localized electric field is proposed to produce a 40% higher extraction efficiency of photon-induced electrons when comparing with a conventional QCD. The localized electric field introduced by modulation doping extends the degrees of freedom in the regulation of electronic states in quantum well...

Optical lattices with periodic potentials have attracted great attention in modern optics and photonics, enabling extensive applications in atomic manipulation, optical trapping, optical communications, imaging, sensing, etc. In the last decade, the generation of optical lattices has been widely investigated by various approaches such as multi-plan...

Adding flame retardant additives is an effective approach to improve the safety of lithium-ion battery electrolytes. This study discusses the inhibiting effects of three flame retardant additives on the combustion characteristics of electrolyte and carbonate mixed solvent under low pressure. The experimental results show that the inhibition of flam...

With an increasingly wider application of the lithium-ion battery (LIB), specifically the drastic increase of electric vehicles in cosmopolitan cities, improving the thermal and fire resilience of LIB systems is inevitable. Thus, in-depth analysis and performance-based study on battery thermal management system (BTMs) design have arisen as a popula...

Twisted light-carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) with a helical phase front and doughnut intensity profile has been widely investigated in fiber-optic communications. To facilitate long-distance OAM mode multiplexing transmission, an efficient OAM (de)multiplexer and a suitable inline OAM amplifier are highly desired. Here, we demonstrate thre...

Given that many safety standards for lithium-ion cells include a saltwater immersion test and the possibility of cell immersion by water by accident, this work prepares five kinds of cells by varying immersion time and saltwater concentration to explore the influence of saltwater immersion on the topographic, electrochemical and thermal characteris...

We propose and experimentally demonstrate heterogeneous optical network to make the space-division multiplexing (SDM) network with ring-core fiber (RCF) compatible with the legacy optical networks with conventional single-mode fiber (SMF). Two homemade all-fiber mode selective couplers are fabricated by fusing pre-tapered conventional SMF with mult...

Carrier escape has been widely observed in light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and it is crucial to the performance of quantum-well photovoltaic and photodetector devices. However, the mechanisms proposed thus far, including thermionic emission and direct tunneling, fail to explain the experimental results. In this work, a simplified trap-assisted tunneli...

Underwater wireless communication plays an increasingly important role in more and more emerging ocean activities. Underwater wireless optical communication is a potential underwater communication technology with the advantages of high communication rate, large information capacity, and high bandwidth, but its ability to resist environmental turbul...

To investigate the influence of low ambient pressure on spill fire, the methanol spill fire experiments on fireproof glass with discharge rates ranging from 60 to 180 mL/min were conducted in a low-pressure chamber. The spread radius, burning rate, and heat transfer process between liquid layer and glass of spill fire were analyzed in-depth under l...

Purpose: This prospective single-arm phase II clinical trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) combined with ifosfamide (IFO) as the first-line treatment for patients with advanced or metastatic soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Patients and methods: Patients received PLD (30 mg/m2; day 1) in combination...

Decidual macrophages (dMϕs) play critical roles in the establishment of microhomeostasis at the maternal-fetal interface during pregnancy. Impaired macrophage polarization during early pregnancy is associated with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). In the present study, the SEC5 expression level was found to be significantly decreased in primary...

Featuring diffracting-free propagation and self-reconstruc-tion, Bessel beams (BBs) have sparked great interest in the scientific community. These properties give the potential for application in optical communications, laser machining, and optical tweezers. However, generating such beams with high quality is still challenging. Here, by using the f...

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) play an ever-increasing role in the field of new energy vehicles, and have caused multiple accidents. Thus, research on fault diagnosis of LIBs becomes a popular topic of concern in the field of batteries. The purpose of this study is to visualize the current status and trends of publications on LIB fault diagnosis usin...

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare aggressive malignancy typically originating from the abdominal or pelvic cavity. DSRCT presenting as a primary head and neck tumor has rarely been described in the literature. We present three cases of DSRCT arising in the head and neck to further characterize its clinicopathological features. A...

Optical vortices carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) have recently attracted increasing interest for providing an additional degree of freedom for capacity scaling in optical communications. The optical vortex generator is an essential component to facilitate OAM-enabled optical communications. Traditional devices face challenges of limited com...

Rotational Doppler effect has made tremendous development in both theoretical and applied research over the last decade. Different from the inertial thinking of focusing on the scalar field dominated by helical phase light, we have revealed a vectorial Doppler effect in our previous work, which is based on the spatially variant polarized light fiel...

We report semipolar {10 1 ¯ 1} InGaN quantum dots (QDs) formed on GaN V‐shaped pits by metal‐organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) with a growth interruption method. The three‐dimensional GaN V‐pit structures are directly grown on a patterned sapphire substrate (PSS). By adjusting the pattern arrangement direction on the substrate, it is observed in...

Although lithium-ion batteries are increasingly being used to achieve cleaner energy, their thermal safety is still a major concern, particularly in the fields of energy-storage power stations and electric vehicles with high energy-storage density. Therefore, the battery thermal management systems (BTMs) have been extensively applied, among which p...

Traveling-wave electro-optic (E-O) modulators based on thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) have attracted much attention recently, as low half-wave voltage ( $\text{V}_{\pi }$ ) and wide modulation bandwidth can be realized with a small footprint. A flat E-O response of the modulator relies on low microwave loss, perfect velocity match and suitable t...

The seawater immersion test is one of the essential indicators for evaluating the safety of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this work, 3.5 wt% salt in water as surrogate seawater was used in LIB immersion experiments, and the combustion behaviors, surface temperature, mass loss, and heat flux during thermal runaway (TR) of LIBs were analyzed after...

The processes of carrier escape and injection in InGaN/GaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been studied separately and the underlying correlation between these two processes has been overlooked for long. In this study, the behavior of photogenerated carriers in LEDs is discussed which shows that the process of carrier escape and injection share t...

Phase change material (PCM) cooling performs excellently in lithium-ion battery (LIB) thermal management. In order to improve the thermal conductivity of PCM, the new thermally-conductive composite phase change material (CPCM) was prepared with the paraffin wax (PA), expanded graphite (EG), and SiC/SiO2 by physical adsorption method. The structure...

A series of experiments were carried out in this study to investigate the sensitivity of lithium-ion batteries with different capacities to overcharge and over-discharge conditions; whereby, two nominal capacities (2100 and 3000 mAh) were included. It is observed that batteries experience a serious degradation in the process of overcharge cycling;...

As lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with higher energy density are becoming more widely applied, especially in aviation field, understanding the potential thermal hazards of which at low pressure is beneficial to evaluate the safety during storage, transport and use. In this paper, thermal runaway (TR) behaviors of 21700 cylindrical LIBs with high ener...

Ultra-small micro-LEDs are essential for next-generation display technology. However, micro-LEDs below 5 μm have been seldom reported. In this work, we demonstrate InGaN-based blue and green micro-LEDs from 1 to 20 μm by using laser direct writing lithography. The 1-μm blue micro-LEDs show a peak external quantum efficiency of 13.02%, which is 9.57...

Micro-scale light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) are regarded as the next generation display technology. Compared to blue and green ones, InGaN-based red micro-LEDs require higher indium composition in their active region, which is quite challenging for material growth. Here, high-indium-composition InGaN quantum dots (QDs) with a density of 3 × 10 ¹...

A practically nonlinear optical material, the functional KH2PO4 (KDP) crystal, has an extremely low laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) due to manufacturing-induced surface defects. The low LIDT induced by these surface defects of KDP crystals hinders their application in laser fusion facilities. Herein, the effect of intrinsic point defects intr...

The widespread use of lithium‐ion battery (LIB) urgently needs a thermal management system with excellent performance to manage it. Phase change material (PCM) has been adapted for thermal management of LIB because it can absorb a mass of energy without additional power. In this research, the thermal conductivity of PCM is improved, and its cooling...

The accidental ignition of liquid fuels is an industrial safety concern due to the storage and transport of pressurized flammable liquids near components at elevated temperatures. In this work, the ignition process of leaked RP-3 aviation kerosene on the surface of the high temperature heat meter was studied experimentally and the critical temperat...

Transmitting signals independently over each core of a multi-core fiber (MCF) is a candidate technology to cope with the growing demand for communication capacity. However, precise coupling alignment of input light beams and corresponding fiber cores is needed in such communication systems. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel, to...

A membrane multiple quantum well (MQW) electro-optical (EO) modulator exploiting low loss high-k radio-frequency (RF) slot waveguides is proposed for sub-terahertz bandwidth. By employing high-k barium titanate (BTO) claddings in place of doped InP cladding layers in traditional InP-based MQW modulators, the proposed modulator exhibits enhanced mod...

The boilover is a well-known disaster for tank fires. Previous study has shown that changing the boiling point of sub-layer can suppress the small-scale thin-layer boilover, but the detail of suppression mechanism is not claimed. Thus, this study conducted experiments using salt additive with various initial fuel thickness (10mm, 15mm, 20mm). The b...

In advanced battery thermal management systems for electric vehicles, liquid cooling (LC) is typically coupled with a phase-change material (PCM) cooling for secondary heat dissipation. However, a continuous LC consumes a considerable amount of energy without considering the operating conditions. In this study, the thermal behaviors of tubular PCMs...

GaN films with almost single-crystalline quality, smooth surface, and high optical transmission were prepared at 580 °C using inductively coupled plasma metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (ICP-MOCVD) based on a showerhead structure. Gallium nitride (GaN) thin films with unintentional doping were used as the active layer in the production of th...

Temperature-dependent photoluminescence (TDPL) is mostly employed to evaluate the internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of light-emitting semiconductors. The key assumption of this method is that the IQE is 100% under low temperature (LT) (e.g. 10 K), which is often considered to be reasonable without any verification. This may lead to an obvious contr...

We report 10 additional cases of GLI1-altered mesenchymal tumor to further delineate its clinicopathological and molecular spectrum. There were seven males and three females with a median age of 31 years (range 1.3 ~ 75 years). Five tumors arose in the oral cavity, one each in the stomach, uterine cervix, elbow, groin, and thigh. Histologically, al...

Flame morphological characteristics of buoyant jet fires from different upward inclined conditions have been experimentally studied in current work. The ethylene fueled jet flames were produced through a round nozzle with an inner diameter of 6mm. The results show that that both the flame horizontal projection length L ph and the vertical flame hei...

The complex device structure and costly preparation process have hindered the development and application of the GaN-based ultraviolet and infrared (UV–IR) dual-color photodetector. In this work, we designed and prepared an Au/GaN-nanopillar-based hot-electron photodetector that can operate in the short-wave infrared range, well below the GaN bandg...

Compact thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) modulators with low half-wave voltage $\text{V}_{\pi }$ are highly desirable for many applications. In particular, modulators with $\text{V}_{\pi }~\sim ~1$ V would allow direct driving by CMOS circuits, but they normally require a long modulation length of several centimeters. Folded TFLN modulators exh...

Three types of cell samples (fresh cell, 60°C stored cell, and −10°C stored cell) were prepared to demonstrate the impact of abusive‐temperature storage on the topographic, electrochemical, and safety characteristics of lithium‐ion cells; besides that, the sensitivity of the three cell samples to typical abusive conditions is also discussed. In com...

The sol–gel method is an important process for the preparation of laser frequency conversion components, such as dihydrogen phosphate (KDP), which are often employed in high-power laser facility. Methyltriethoxysilane (MTS) precursor is a typical matrix to prepare polysiloxane under hydrolysis and polycondensation process. Further coating and curin...

Photon dimension mapping provides an efficient way to learn from each other's strengths to offset their own weaknesses in a variety of applications. By mapping the conventional amplitude modulation to spatial mode modulation and employing an integrated orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode multiplexer, we present an integrated approach to break the s...

In a high-rise building fire, vertical shafts are main paths for hot smoke to spread to multiple floors, posing a significant fire hazard. In this work, the large eddy simulation (LES) was applied to simulate smoke dynamics in a full-scale stairwell and study the influence of ambient pressure and heat release rate (HRR). The results have shown that...

The present work carries out a comparative study to illustrate the safety performance of two new-format cells (22650 and 26650) in the thermal runaway tests induced by over-heating and overcharge tests, referred by the traditional 18650 cells. In addition, a long-term cycling test is also performed to evaluate the electrochemical characteristics of...

When a lithium-ion battery is thermally out of control, the internal heat is mainly coming from the mutual reaction of the internal components of the battery. It is well known that the breakdown and combustion of carbonate solvents inside lithium-ion batteries contribute a large part of the heat when thermal runaway occurs. Therefore, it is necessa...

A high-Q mid-infrared Tamm plasmon (TP) absorber using MgF 2 and Ge aperiodic tandem films is designed by the genetic algorithm and fabricated by electron beam evaporation and magnetron sputtering. Such a design circumvents the need for the distributed Bragg reflector grating, and the thickness of individual MgF 2 films is much smaller than a quart...

Alcohol has already been widely used as an alternative fuel to blend with petroleum-based fuels. Accurate knowledge of flash points and their reliable prediction methods is essential in hazard identification, fire hazard reduction, process inherently safer design, and the risk management of alcohol-based fuels. This work presents a model to predict...

This work prepares five kinds of cell samples, i.e. the fresh cell, the cell degrades to 90% SOH (state of health) after high-temperature cycling, the cell degrades to 80% SOH after high-temperature cycling, the cell degrades to 90% SOH after low-temperature cycling and the cell degrades to 80% SOH after low-temperature cycling to reveal the electr...

Context.— Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) are common methods to detect ALK status in inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs). However, equivocal ALK FISH signals and inconsistency between FISH and IHC are occasionally observed. Objective.— To study the inconsistency between FISH and IHC, and clarify ALK...

Herein, a series of experiments were performed to illustrate the impact of safety vents on the evolution of thermal runaway behaviors of 18650-size lithium-ion batteries. Meanwhile, the effect of safety vents on the thermal safety of batteries with different states of charge (SOC), i.e. 0%, 50% and 100% and cathode chemistries, i.e. lithium nickel...

An InP-based electro-optic modulator with an n-i-n heterostructure is demonstrated. An ultra-low half-wave voltage-length product of 0.22 V·cm is recorded, together with 40 GHz bandwidth for a 2-mm modulation length.

A thin-film lithium niobate modulator employing low-loss capacitively-loaded traveling-wave electrodes terminated by an on-chip resistor is demonstrated, with 6-dB electrical bandwidth over 150 GHz, ultra-flat electro-optic response and low half-wave voltage of 2 V.

Meandered thin-film lithium niobate modulators with capacitively loaded travelling-wave electrodes are demonstrated. Interdigitated T-rails are employed for reversed electric field, resulting in 1.08 V half-wave voltage and 3-dB bandwidth beyond 50 GHz for 8-mm-long devices.

Ultra-compact Mathieu phase plates were fabricated using femtosecond laser-induced two-photon polymerization. The generated Mathieu-Gauss beam shows good quality and is propagation-invariant up to 800 mm.

We design and fabricate a 19-channel fan-in/fan-out photonic lantern based on the femtosecond laser direct writing technique. Such a device enables space-division multiplexing transmission in a 19-core fiber over the C+L band.

We present integrated orbital angular momentum (OAM) emitters by using femtosecond laser inscription. The emitter we designed consists of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and specially designed trench waveguide, transforming Gaussian beams into first-order OAM beams.

We demonstrate mode and polarization multiplexing of 3×2 channels for high-speed optical communication based on ultrafast laser inscribed on-chip mode (de)multiplexer. The mode (de)multiplexers are fabricated in glass chips through femtosecond laser direct writing technology.

Orbital angular momentum (OAM), which describes tailoring the spatial physical dimension of light waves into a helical phase structure, has given rise to many applications in optical manipulation, microscopy, imaging, metrology, sensing, quantum science, and optical communications. Light beams carrying OAM feature two distinct characteristics, i.e....

Gallium nitride (GaN) as a wide bandgap material is widely used in solid-state lighting. Thanks to its high nonlinearity and high refractive index contrast, GaN-on-insulator (GaNOI) is also a promising platform for nonlinear optical applications. Despite its intriguing optical proprieties, nonlinear applications of GaN are rarely studied owing to t...

Due to spectrum shortage, visible light communication (VLC) has gradually been regarded as an important alternative and reinforcement in wireless communication field. Micro-LEDs are ideal high-speed light sources for VLC due to its significantly improved modulation bandwidth. In this review, the developments of high-speed micro-LEDs in VLC are disc...

Spin-orbit photonics, involving the interaction between the spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light, plays an important role in modern optics. Here, we present the spin-orbit mapping of light in a few-mode fiber that originates from the mode degeneracy lifting (TM01 and TE01) property. We demonstrate two kinds of spi...

A thin film lithium niobate (TFLN) electro-optic modulator based on a partially removed benzocyclobutene (BCB) bonding layer is proposed for sub-terahertz bandwidth. Low-loss microwave transmission is realized by periodic capacitively loaded travelling-wave electrodes (CL-TWEs) with an undercut structure, and the air-filled region beneath the modul...

GaN-based films grown on sp ³ -bonded single-crystalline substrates can maintain the coherent growth character. However, exfoliating III-nitride films from these substrates proves difficult because of the strong sp ³ -type covalent bonds between the substrates and epilayers. The sp ² -bonded two-dimensional (2D) materials exhibit hexagonal in-plane...