Ji-Hyun Lee

• PhD
• Professor at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

Unlike connections of physical spaces typically observed through movement trajectory, connections of virtual spaces can be observed in high resolution through vision-based trajectory. Studies have explored user movements and their diffusion in virtual environments (VEs). However, frameworks are needed to objectively measure vision-based behaviors i...

Understanding visitors’ needs is important for museum management. For this purpose, many museums run social media platforms, such as Facebook and Instagram. Numerous studies have discussed whether museums currently manage social media efficiently through only the communication elements within social media, such as the number of comments and likes....

Following the changes in the museum environment in Korea and abroad owing to COVID-19, this study examines how visitors behave and react in a virtual museum that has appeared frequently in recent years. In this study, we aim to profile categorized museum visitors, present usability evaluation tools and UX design guidelines for improving virtual mus...

Recent advances in virtual environments have extended real-life activities to virtual spaces, thereby generating enormous amounts of data on spatial behaviors. Spatial behaviors in physical spaces have been extensively studied; however, in virtual spaces, it is limited to measuring proxemic distances or visualizing spatial diffusion. Therefore, to...

The walkability of destinations plays a decisive role in obtaining a sense of place for urban visitors. For an improved walkability-based visit experience, the city structure is analyzed by dividing it into small units, starting with the destination. However, existing studies focus on the walkability of residents by administrative district and use...

As real-time data collection and processing technologies advanced, the demands for customized beauty services have been rapidly increasing. However, existing SBM services are limited to providing results-driven services, such as virtual makeup try-on, than customized services for each makeup process. They are insufficient to address the appearance...

As social networking services (SNSs) have become increasingly influential, they are now a vital element in art museums because communication with visitors is crucial. However, conventional methods of visitor studies do not consider the characteristics of SNS. Even when a museum uses an SNS as a marketing tool, it cannot sufficiently analyze the dat...

Visitor-centered approaches have been widely discussed in the museum experience research field. One notable approach was suggested by Falk and Dierking, who defined museum visitor experience as having a physical, personal, and social context. Many studies have been conducted based on this approach, yet the interactions between personal and social c...

Sustainable heritage tourism is recognized as an economic activity that can ensure the careful management of tangible cultural heritage sites for future generations, and attract visitors to experience their cultural, historical, and archaeological significance. The use of 3D immersive cultural heritage visualization presentations can enhance a visi...

The computing capacity of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) has allowed the public to rediscover the classic trolley dilemma in a modern context. This paper aims to present an in-depth explanation of driver’s moral reasoning for AV moral dilemma situations. Moral dilemma vignettes for AVs were designed based on real crash data and in-depth interviews with...

With the continuing increase in online communications, virtual proximity as well as physical proximity has become a common way to connect individuals. Virtual proximity refers to the psychological closeness felt by people based on their participation in a virtual space. Hence, augmenting physical proximity with virtual types is believed to enhance...

We analyzed the correlation between air pollution indicators representing the earth changes in urban areas and socio-economic indicators representing human influences in urban areas spatially. This study is meaningful as it spatially represents the correlation between human influences and Earth system changes. Seoul and its surrounding metropolitan...

The autonomous vehicle (AV) is one of the first commercialized AI-embedded robots to make autonomous decisions. Despite technological advancements, unavoidable AV accidents that result in life-and-death consequences cannot be completely eliminated. The emerging social concern of how an AV should make ethical decisions during unavoidable accidents i...

Recent museum exhibitions are becoming a means by which to satisfy visitor demands. In order to provide visitor-centric exhibitions, artwork must be analyzed based on the behavior of visitors, and not merely according to museum professionals' points of view. This study aims to analyze the relationship between museum visitors and artwork via a netwo...

To better serve visitors with digital means, museums must understand visitors and their needs. Previous studies investigated the needs and visitor–museum interactions mainly by observation and survey. However, these approaches offer limited insights into the interactions which can be hard to observe if happen beyond the museum space. Nowadays, data...

This study examined which accompanying information elements were noticed by visitors while they were looking at artworks, using eye-tracking experiments. First, we conducted an online survey to grasp the types of information that visitors wanted to know, and five elements were obtained. Second, we collected information on these five elements throug...

Recently, it has become possible to examine the suitability of cosmetic products by virtual makeup techniques so that shoppers can buy products online. The virtual makeup can also be utilized at offline stores to prevent possible sanitation problems associated with swatching. Faithful color reproduction is one of the most important factors in virtu...

Over the past decade, the growing prevalence of smartphone has motivated museums to bring out the guide service in the form of a mobile app. However, not many museums are actively embracing cutting-edge technology. Therefore, this study aims at proposing a design blueprint of a visitor-centered art museum guide app that guarantees its usability. Fo...

This study aims to examine the art museum experience of visitors in detail through eye tracking in the aspect of the visitor-centered approach, which is important in the contemporary art museum. To achieve this goal, we conducted the eye-tracking experiment and in-depth interview to grasp the interest and needs of visitors. We suggest the possibili...

With the continuous effort for a harmonious coexistence with nature in human settlement, theories for ecological design and urban sustainability are proposed and developed. However, in 2014, a new concept called ‘ecological wisdom’ was proposed with the baseline that knowledge of ecological design should be gained from past sustained examples as ec...

The widespread of Autonomous Vehicle (AV) promises a transportation system revolution. Despite its potential benefits, there has been an unsolved discussion of how AV should behave during unavoidable crash situations, which is known as the Moral Dilemma of AV. The goal of this study is to investigate how AV Morality can be designed to align with hu...

Previous visitor studies have been conducted to observe what they see, how they behave, and ask for their appreciation after the exhibition. Recently, studies have been started to utilize digital technologies to consistently collect data such as ‘movement (e.g. moving line of visitors)’, ‘physiological response (e.g. Heart-rate, Skin Conductance)’,...

Virtual landscapes in digital games have become more expressive and impressive. However, design methodologies that can efficiently implement them have rarely been developed. In real-world landscape architecture, a design methodology called Overlay Design Methodology has been commonly utilized that allows efficient spatial design by computing the hi...

Designers constantly and consistently draft and develop both general concepts and directions to identify the solution that best fits the styling objectives of the lead designer. Designers often confront design fixations that cognitively clash to explore different design combinations. As design teams explore the range of possible design spaces of a...

This research aims to develop a Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) system that recommends services to users in IoT environment. To develop this system, we establish a framework that designs raw data into analyzable information using Function-Behavior-Structure properties. Also, we develop an interactive flow of data acquisition that builds up cases gradual...

In this paper, we apply dichotomous aspects discussed in architectural theories to electronic devices and explore the relationship. In order to investigate the similarities and the differences between how people’s attitudes change for the sense of individuality-communality and private-public in a household environment and in a product environment a...

Color harmony remains the most challenging issue when dressing oneself up. There are many tips on how to match clothes colors introduced in fashion magazines, blogs, or online communities. The curated color coordinations on-line are well-formed sources of expert knowledge regarding colors in clothing. This paper designed and implemented an expert s...

Mom's Tray is a dietary monitoring system that integrates smart tray with embedded sensors, pre-arranged and RFID-tagged food packages, and a mobile app to provide a real-time feedback on food ordering and consumption in a school cafeteria setup.

This paper identifies correlations of design intent and user response to stylistic recognition of 23 car brands, with an emphasis on visual aesthetics. By evaluating car exterior designs based on shape similarities, it is possible to find the distributions of the typical design elements and novel design elements. These can then be compared with loo...

Phylogenetic analysis approach of musical rhythm is first introduced by Godfried T. Toussaint. In his research, he analyzed rhythmic similarity of Flamenco and found the ancestral rhythm. We will briefly review what he had done in his work, and apply his theory and method to Korean traditional rhythm, ‘Jangdan’. To fill a gap between Spanish and Ko...

Conventional façade design and its impact on building energy as well as indoor comfort is a well-researched topic in the architecture field. This paper examines the potential of a complex 3D shaped building envelope, elaborating on previous work by implementing energy simulation within the building façade optimization process. The multi-objective o...

This research established classification system which contains five principles and variables to classify the types of the virtual landscape in digital games. The principles of the classification are Story, Space Shape, Space and Action Dimension, User Complexity and Interaction Level. With this classification system, our research group found the mo...

Services that allow Share house between elders and young adults are becoming more prevalent to fulfill various needs for different stakeholders. However, various difficulties among the residents who are strangers from different generations are likely to occur. Research aim is to solve this social phenomenon by applying interdisciplinary total desig...

Recently, a vast number of devices including home appliances and personal devices are surrounding most of the people. In the consequence, large amount of futile data is generated incessantly in daily basis. In order to make a system capable of using those sporadic data, which derived from the devices, should be manipulated and managed properly. The...

To enhance missing non-verbal cues in computer-mediated communication using text, those who can see often use emojis or emoticons. Although emojis for the sighted have transformed throughout the years to animated forms and added sound effects, emojis for visually impaired people remain underdeveloped. This study tested how tactile emojis based on v...

Design experience from previous design cases could help designers solving current design problems. Therefore, a case-based recommender system can recall suitable design cases for designers based on a similarity measurement mechanism. In the context of Product-Service System (PSS) design, the measurement of similarity between different cases becomes...

Today, information sharing is faster than ever. From this, we face fragmentation of information about ourselves in virtual spaces such as in online communication, social network, and storage services. A problem we face today is that because the locations of our behavior spaces are integrated that sometimes we get lost in our own virtual behavior sp...

Keywords: Bio-inspired design Biological system metadata modeling Knowledge-based system Recommendation system Ontology A B S T R A C T Bio-inspired design was introduced as an alternative method to encourage breakthrough innovations during design projects by stimulating analogical reasoning and thinking of designers. However, the method did not pe...

This research proposes a method to synthesize car designs based on strategic styling positioning (product appearance similarities among product generations, portfolios and competitors). Automobile manufacturers strategically upgrade new designs similarly or differently from the designs of previous generations, both those within product portfolio, a...

Digital games are generating various types of virtual landscape and the importance of virtual landscape has been arises. However, there has not been any research done how to design the virtual landscape. To establish virtual landscape design methodology, establishing the classification system and suggesting the representative type of virtual landsc...

This study proposes an advanced thermal control method that employs artificial neural network (ANN) models for predictive and adaptive thermal control. Two predictive and adaptive control logic approaches were proposed to simultaneously control indoor temperature and humidity as well as predicted mean vote (PMV) in a residential building. Their the...

The goal of the article is to find the relationships between theme park visitor traffics and service facility location along with their capacities. To do that, we analyzed four Disneylands situated in Paris, Tokyo, and the United States (Florida and California). By analyzing the visual integration of visitor traffics at each Disneyland and calculat...

A building façade plays an important role of reducing artificial lighting by introducing natural light into the interior space. A majority of research and current technology heavily focuses on the optimization of window properties such as the size, location, and glazing with the consideration of external shading device as well as the building wall...

Although national and international attention toward the cultural heritage is on a rise, there is a lack of public attention toward cultural heritage sites. One of the main problems is the lack of interaction and the visualization of cultural heritage on the sites. Especially Korean historical architectures are structurally complex and are not easi...

Tree planting in design practice is considered simply as void fillers or view blockers. However, for a sustainable design, creating places using trees need to be reconsidered. Going beyond traditional tree plantings in urban environments, an application of computational methods in landscape architecture for the management of the complex system is n...

With an increase in the integration of research domains, finding conceptual similarities between two fields is becoming important. This paper investigates the similarities between the concepts of choreography design process developed by a leading postmodernist American choreographer, Trisha Brown for one of her dance piece, Locus, which is based on...

Owing to the incredible increase in the amount of information on the World Wide Web, there is a strong need for an efficient web page classification to retrieve useful information quickly. In this paper, we propose a novel simplified swarm optimization (SSO) to learn the best weights for every feature in the training dataset and adopt the best weig...

In this paper, a virtual reality platform for the 3D representation of Seokguram Temple is developed based on the Oculus Rift 2 platform with an AirTouch interaction. Seokguram Temple is an artificial cave and the most notable heritage site of South Korea. The 3D models of Seokguram Temple in a virtual environment are reconstructed by capturing the...

The objective of the paper is to find the relationship between the visitors' traffic flows throughout the park and the distribution of the service facilities in four different Disneyland theme parks. This paper argues that there are patterns for attraction placement of specific functions such as shops, restaurants, and attractions to manipulate the...

Prolonged sitting can be detrimental to our postures which can cause spinal and pelvic problems. It may also lead to a shortened lifespan due to its adverse impact on cardio metabolic health. One way of preventing and mitigating these risks is to break sedentary time. We find it difficult, however, to actively monitor ourselves and commit to making...

Biomimetic design performed to develop a solution-shape has been offered as a successful approach for overcoming the limitations of typical design methods. Especially for the nose-shape of high-speed trains, the morphological characteristics of a superior bio-model were used in the design process. However, current design methods using the biomimeti...

As the age of ubiquitous computing came, the mobility, the speed, and numerous usable technologies enabled digital contents based upon smart phones and tablet PCs for early childhood education to be studied and developed variously. Nonetheless, many applications are still designed to be centered upon the developers, and the concern for parents, who...

This study aims at developing an indoor temperature control method that could provide comfortable thermal conditions by integrating heating system control and the opening conditions of building envelopes. Artificial neural network (ANN)-based temperature control logic was developed for the control of heating systems and openings at the building env...

The combined effects of color temperature and illuminance in a small office on visual response and mood under various lighting conditions were examined in this study. Visual annoyance tests were conducted using a sample of 20 subjects in a full-scale mock-up test space. Computer and paper-based reading tasks were conducted for 500 lx and 750 lx ill...

In this study, presence principles were developed for dynamic display design and evaluation of dynamic display for designing mixed reality space. This is a research to classify the indicators collected through the researches about the existing measurement and evaluation of the existence felling and information suggestion methods in mixed reality as...

This paper focuses on creating a guideline for style, line spacing, size, text box and age group combinations of Korean fonts for different electronic displays. Reading time and recall time were measured to analyze the readabilities among various typographical layouts. The importance of typographical elements were different among the age group: lin...

The influences of lighting conditions, which is combined by color temperature and lighting types, on visual responses are discussed in this study. Visual annoyance tests were performed in a full-scale mock-up test space, which was prepared for a small private office environment. Lamps with color temperature of 3,500 K and 5,000 K were applied to a...

This study examines the influence of color temperature and illuminance levels on occupants" visual perception in a small office space. Field measurements and surveys were conducted in a full-scale mock-up space where four lighting conditions were formed by direct/indirect lighting fixtures. Results imply that the perception of glare increased as co...

This study examines the sensibility responses and visual satisfaction for lighting environments in the worship space of churches. Survey was performed with images of three worship spaces where a variety of lighting conditions were used. Forty nine subjects participated in the survey. For three worship spaces, the variation of visual perception, sen...

One of the most important criteria for the performance quality in design is the creativity of the design. Many researchers have developed methods to assess the creativity of product design, but the subjective and qualitative judgments of traditional creativity measurement are proved to lack sufficient validity and reliability. Furthermore, most of...

This study examines the influence of illuminance variation on visual perception and mood in a small office. Field measurements and annoyance tests were performed in a full-scale mock-up office space. Subjects conducted paper-based and computer-based reading tasks when six instantaneous fluctuation ranges were given under 500 lx and 650 lx base leve...

The biggest feature and advantage of smart phone is possibility of storing and utilizing many features as applications, Applications market is also infinitely expandable. Utilization of applications downloaded by the user, however, is significantly low compared to the built-in applications. For fully taking advantage of these feature-rich applicat...

The formal approach outlined in this paper uses symbolic memes as a framework for the hierarchical deconstruction of a cultural artefact, the traditional Korean pattern known as bosangwhamun, to describe the evolutionary development of such a pattern using shape grammar rules. The formal descriptions of this pattern are thus the basis for generatin...

This study examined the influence of heat recovery ventilators (HRVs) on energy savings and indoor air quality (IAQ) in high-rise residential buildings. Field measurements were performed in four residential units, which were validated by computer simulations and estimated the total annual energy consumption. The operation schedules for HRVs were de...

Product-service system (PSS) is a complex combination of product and service, which is more competitive to meet customer needs. To design a PSS, the designers should deal with complex issues, like stakeholders, activity, function, and product/service elements. Our motivation is to build a case-based recommender system for PSS design. In case-based...

This study examines the spatial compositions of children’s reading rooms, furniture characteristics, and users’ satisfaction levels for the furniture in public libraries. Field measurements and surveys were performed in 5 public libraries. Results imply that the spatial compositions of reading rooms in libraries were classified into three categorie...

Occupants’ visual perception, psychological responses and spatial satisfaction under various indoor lighting environments were analyzed in this study. Field measurements and surveys were conducted in four coffeeshop space where different lighting conditions were used. Results imply that worse visual comfort was reported under direct lighting condit...

This study examines visual perception and spatial satisfaction according to lighting conditions. Field measurements and surveys were performed in three rest space of university buildings where various lighting conditions were employed. Results indicate that overall impression of space improved when low color temperature, such as 3,000 K governed ov...

This study investigates the effects of interior design elements on the satisfaction and preference for space. Field measurements and surveys were conducted in three coffeeshops where various interior design elements were applied. Results indicate that movable tables and chairs for two people were preferred in the space. They need to be placed flexi...

This study examines the influence of experiencing interactive media in exhibition halls on the satisfaction and perception for the exhibition space. Field measurements and surveys were performed in two exhibition halls where various interactive media were exhibited. Results imply that experiencing interactive media was important to enhance understa...