Jesús Salinas

• PhD
• Professor at University of Alicante

Dentro del Proyecto de Redes de Investigación en Docencia Universitaria para el curso 2012-13, se constituyó esta red para planificar y elaborar de una manera conjunta las Guías Docentes de las asignaturas de Cuarto Curso del Título de Grado en Ciencias del Mar, coordinada por la vicedecana de la titulación e integrada por todos los profesores que,...

RESUMEN La presente memoria de investigación recoge los resultados del grupo de trabajo de la Red Elaboración de las guías de primer curso de las titulaciones de Grado en Biología y Grado en Ciencias del Mar del PROYECTO REDES DE INVESTIGACIÓN EN DOCENCIA UNIVERSITARIA 2010, presentada en la MODALIDAD I: Redes de Investigación en docencia universit...

Antifungal activity of chitosan on plant pathogenic fungi has been widely studied, but little is known about the effect of chitosan on fungal biocontrol agents. In this work, we characterize the increase of conidiation induced by chitosan in fungal pathogens of invertebrates (FPI). Chitosan increased conidiation of FPI, including Beauveria bassiana...

The nematophagous fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia degrades chitosan, an antifungal compound that severely affects plant pathogenic fungi, but not nematophagous and entomopathogenic fungi. Extracellular proteins from culture filtrates of P. chlamydosporia grown with either colloidal chitin or chitosan as main carbon and nitrogen sources were investig...

Nematophagous fungi Pochonia chlamydosporia and P. rubescens colonize endophytically barley roots. During nematode infection, serine proteases are secreted. We have investigated whether such proteases are also produced during root colonization. Polyclonal antibodies against serine protease P32 of P. rubescens cross-reacted with a related protease (...

The antifungal mode of action of chitosan has been studied for the last 30 years, but is still little understood. We have found that the plasma membrane forms a barrier to chitosan in chitosan-resistant but not chitosan-sensitive fungi. The plasma membranes of chitosan-sensitive fungi were shown to have more polyunsaturated fatty acids than chitosa...

Soil mycobiota of date palm plantations in Elche, SE Spain. – Czech Mycol. 61(2): 149–162. The mycobiota of soil from date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) plantations in Elche, SE Spain was ex-amined using 23 soil samples and five isolation methods. One hundred and nineteen species assigned to 67 genera were isolated. The most frequent species were in d...

La presente memoria de investigación recoge los resultados del grupo de trabajo de la Red Elaboración de la guía docente de la asignatura Iniciación a la Investigación por todos los departamentos con docencia en la misma, del Proyecto Redes de Investigación en Docencia Universitaria 2010, presentado en la Modalidad I: Redes de Investigación en Doce...

The entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana, Lecanicillium dimorphum and L. cf. psalliotae can survive and colonize living palm tissue as endophytes. The molecular interaction between these biocontrol agent fungi and the date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. was investigated using proteomic techniques. Field date palms inoculated with these fungi were...

Chitosan has been reported to inhibit spore germination and mycelial growth in plant pathogens, but its mode of antifungal action is poorly understood. Following chitosan treatment, we characterized plasma membrane permeabilization, and cell death and lysis in the experimental model, Neurospora crassa. Rhodamine-labeled chitosan was used to show th...

The present study reports the frequent isolation of the two date palm pathogens Thielaviopsis paradoxa (de Seynes) Hohn and T. punctulata (Hennebert) Paulin, Harrington et McNew from soil of date palm plantations at Elx, south-east Spain, using dilu-tion plate, direct soil plating or by soil treatment either with acetic acid or phenol. The two spec...

The production in vitro of cutin hydrolyzing enzymes by five isolates of B. cinerea was studied, using cutin of tomato fruits as a carbon source. Chemical depolymerisation of the cutin yielded 10,16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid as the main component. The same fatty acid was found after incubation of cutin with a crude enzyme preparation from a cultur...

Surveys (in 2002 and 2003) were performed for fungal endophytes in roots of 24 plant species growing at 12 sites (coastal and inland soils, both sandy soils and salt marshes) under either water or salt stress in the Alicante province (Southeast Spain). All plant species examined were colonized by endophytic fungi. A total of 1830 fungal isolates we...

To investigate the toxic effect of chitosan on important root pathogenic and biocontrol fungi (nematophagous, entomopathogenic and mycoparasitic). We have used standard bioassays to investigate the effect of chitosan on colony growth and developed bioassays to test spore germination. The results showed that the root pathogenic and mycoparasitic fun...

This work was aimed at optimizing a protein extraction procedure for date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) leaves, a highly recalcitrant plant tissue for 2-DE. Five protein extraction protocols based on different protein precipitation agents (TCA/acetone vs. phenol (Ph) methods) and protein resolubilization methods (physical treatments, e.g., sonicati...

Low molecular weight chitosan (4.6 kDa) and N-/2(3)-(dodec-2-enyl)succinoyl/-derivatives of different degrees of substitution were tested for their antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aureofaciens, Enterobacter agglomerans, Bacillus subtilis, Candida kruisei and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis lycopersici. The results ind...

Soil application of nematophagous fungi for the biological control of plant-parasitic nematodes often fails, and in many cases it has been difficult to reisolate the agent delivered to the soil. A reason for these results could be the inability of the fungi to proliferate in soil. We used a soil–membrane technique to study the capacity of several i...

Light and scanning electron microscopy together with fungal isolation techniques were used to detect entomopathogenic fungi within young and adult date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) petioles and to assess fungal survival in leaf tissues. The entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana, Lecanicillium dimorphum and Lecanicillium c.f. psalliotae survived i...

Introduction Nematophagous fungi constitute a group of fungal antagonists to nematodes. The latter arc small roundworms living in soil and water. Most nematodes are saprotrophic, but many species are parasites of plants and animals (Poinar 1983). The nematophagous fungi have been suggested as promising candidatesfor bioiogical control of parasitic...

Fungal inflorescence rot of date palms, caused by Mauginiella scaettae, was detected at all four sites surveyed in Elx, SE Spain. There was a higher incidence of the disease in male than in female inflorescences. The pathogen responsible for the disease was isolated and identified as M. scaettae. Sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)...

This study provides evidence that egg-parasitic nematophagous fungi, Pochonia chlamydosporia, Pochonia rubescens and Lecanicillium lecanii, can also reduce root colonisation and root damage by a fungal pathogen. Interactions of nematophagous fungi with the take-all fungus, Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt), and their influence on severity...

Fluorimetric method for determination of endochitinolytic activity using N-fluorescein-labeled chitin (FITC-Chitin) is proposed, and a procedure for FITC-Chitin preparation with a degree of FITC content of 2.2 mol.% (one FITC molecule per 45 glucosamine residues) is described. FITC-Chitin is capable to distinquish endochitinase and exochitinase (β-...

Fluorimetric method for determination of endochitinolytic activity using N-fluorescein-labeled chitin (FITC-Chitin) is proposed, and a procedure for FITC-Chitin preparation with a degree of FITC content of 2.2 mol.% (one FITC molecule per 45 glucosamine residues) is described. FITC-Chitin is capable to distinquish endochitinase and exochitinase (β-...

The ability of the nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora and the nematode egg parasite Verticillium chlamydosporium to colonize barley (Hordeum vulgare) and tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) roots was examined, together with capability of the fungi to induce cell wall modifications in root cells. Chemotropism was studied using an agar pla...

The present investigation deals with the main factors involved in early infection of nematode eggs by fungal parasites. We studied the effect of hydrophobicity on appressorium formation by germlings of Pochonia rubescens (syn. Verticillium suchlasporium), P. chlamydosporia (syn. V. chlamydosporium) and Lecanicillium lecanii (syn. V. lecanii). Appre...

Culture filtrates of the nematophagous fungi Verticillium chlamydosporium and V. suchlasporium growing on colloidal chitin showed increasing chitinolytic activity and production of two (32- and 43-kDa) main proteins. Maximum activity was found 18-20 days after inoculation, but V. suchlasporium always displayed higher activity. Zymography of such fi...

Barley roots were readily colonised by the nematophagous fungus Verticillium chlamydosporium. Light microscopy (LM) but also low temperature scanning electron microscopy (LTSEM) revealed details of the colonisation process. Hyphae were found on the rhizoplane often with dictyochlamydospores. Hyphae of V. chlamydosporium penetrated epidermal cells,...

Six plant waste substrates: palm leaves (Phoenix dactylifera, Phoenix canariensis, Washingtonia filifera and Chamaerops humilis), Phoenix dactylifera seed and almond mesocarp, have been used to produce entomopathogenic (Verticillium lecanii, Paecilomyces farinosus, Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana) and mycoparasitic (Trichoderma harzianum...

The formation of lesions on ray florets of gerbera flowers caused by single conidia ofBotrytis cinerea was studied in two cultivars infected by two isolates of the pathogen. No differences in reaction after inoculation with conidia of either isolate were seen on either cultivar. The conidia produced usually one germ tube not longer than 10 μm, but...

To explore the feasibility of employing antibodies to obtain disease resistance against plant root pathogens, we have studied the expression of genes encoding antibodies in roots of transgenic plants. A model monoclonal antibody was used that binds to a fungal cutinase. Heavy and light chain cDNAs were amplified by PCR, fused to a signal sequence f...

Whole conidia, their extracellular material, and a putative cutin esterase isolated from conidia of Botrytis cinerea were used as antigens to raise monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) for the detection of conidia of B. cinerea. Using immunofluorescence, three selected MAbs recognized conidia of 43 isolates of B. cinerea from hosts representing six countri...

To explore the feasibility of employing antibodies to obtain disease resistance against plant root pathogens, we have studied the expression of genes encoding antibodies in roots of transgenic plants. A model monoclonal antibody was used that binds to a fungal cutinase. Heavy and light chain cDNAs were amplified by PCR, fused to a signal sequence f...

In recent years, spotting of ray florets of gerbera flowers has become an important problem. This type of small necrotic lesions may occur before, but especially shortly after harvesting the flowers. Botrytis cinerea was easily isolated from such lesions. Inoculation with B. cinerea only gave typical necrotic lesions, when dry conidia were dusted o...

When cowpea mesophyll tissue with or without any epidermal layer was inoculated with tobacco necrosis virus (TNV), local necrotic lesions were produced. In epidermal strips isolated after inoculation of intact leaves local lesions were never observed. Homogenates of epidermal strips removed within 30 min after inoculation of the leaf with the cowpe...

The time required for infectious tobacco necrosis virus (TNV) to pass through the epidermis of cowpea leaves after mechanical inoculation, depended on plant age and environmental temperature. At 22°C the passage time was about 2 h but at 32°C it was only 10 min. Water stress seemed to play a role in the transport of infectious virus into the mesoph...