Jessie Mcgowan

University of Ottawa · Department of Family Medicine

Background Geriatric rehabilitation is a multidisciplinary intervention that promotes functional recovery in older adults. Our objective was to assess the efficacy of geriatric rehabilitation in inpatient and geriatric day hospital settings. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsycINFO, PEDro and Ag...

Background Chronic disease management (CDM) through sustained knowledge translation (KT) interventions ensures long-term, high-quality care. We assessed implementation of KT interventions for supporting CDM and their efficacy when sustained in older adults. Methods Design: Systematic review with meta-analysis engaging 17 knowledge users using inte...

Background The global spread of COVID-19 created an explosion in rapid tests with results in < 1 hour, but their relative performance characteristics are not fully understood yet. Our aim was to determine the most sensitive and specific rapid test for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. Methods Design: Rapid review and diagnostic test accuracy network me...

Objectives To identify ML tools in hospital settings and how they were implemented to inform decision-making for patient care through a scoping review. We investigated the following research questions: What ML interventions have been used to inform decision-making for patient care in hospital settings? What strategies have been used to implement th...

Background: Enhancing health equity is endorsed in the Sustainable Development Goals. The failure of systematic reviews to consider potential differences in effects across equity factors is cited by decision‐makers as a limitation to their ability to inform policy and program decisions. Objectives: To explore what methods systematic reviewers use...

Background: The randomized controlled trial (RCT) is considered the gold standard study design to inform decisions about the effectiveness of interventions. However, a common limitation is inadequate reporting of the applicability of the intervention and trial results for people who are "socially disadvantaged" and this can affect policy-makers' d...

Jull J, Graham ID, Kristjansson E AND Members of the CONSORT-Equity 2017 and Boston Equity Symposium, et al. Taking an integrated knowledge translation approach in research to develop the CONSORT-Equity 2017 reporting guideline: an observational study BMJ Open 2019;9:e026866. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026866. Accessed 30 Sep 2019 at https://bmjopen...

Background The impact of deworming on parasite load, nutritional status and other health outcomes of non-pregnant adolescent girls and adult women is uncertain. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews an...

Janet Jull, Mark Petticrew, Elizabeth Kristjansson, Manosila Yoganathan , Jennifer Petkovic, Peter Tugwell, Vivian Welch and the CONSORT-Equity 2017 and Boston Equity Symposium participants. Engaging knowledge users in development of the CONSORT-Equity 2017 reporting guideline: a qualitative study using in-depth interviews. Research Involvement and...

Background: Failure to sustain knowledge translation (KT) interventions impacts patients and health systems, diminishing confidence in future implementation. Sustaining KT interventions used to implement chronic disease management (CDM) interventions is of critical importance given the proportion of older adults with chronic diseases and their nee...

Scoping reviews, a type of knowledge synthesis, follow a systematic approach to map evidence on a topic and identify main concepts, theories, sources, and knowledge gaps. Although more scoping reviews are being done, their methodological and reporting quality need improvement. This document presents the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Sys...

Changing Roles and Contexts for Health Library and Information Professionals - edited by Alison Brettle November 2011

Cambridge Core - General - Changing Roles and Contexts for Health Library and Information Professionals - edited by Alison Brettle

Objective: To conduct a scoping review of knowledge translation (KT) theories, models and frameworks that have been used to guide dissemination or implementation of evidence-based interventions targeted to prevention and/or management of cancer or other chronic diseases. Study design and setting: We used a comprehensive multistage search process...

Welch V, Norheim OF, Jull J, Cookson R, Sommerfelt H, Tugwell P, CONSORT-Equity and Boston Equity Symposium. CONSORT-Equity 2017 extension and elaboration for better reporting of health equity in randomised trials. BMJ 2017;359:j5085. Accessed http://www.bmj.com/content/359/bmj.j5085

http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/7/9/e015815 Full text available in Open Access Background Randomised controlled trials can provide evidence relevant to assessing the equity impact of an intervention, but such information is often poorly reported. We describe a conceptual framework to identify health equity-relevant randomised trials with the aim of...

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Methodology). The objectives are as follows: We aim to assess methods used to assess health equity considerations, and how they are reported, in studies that have assessed cohorts of RCTs.

Background: Soil-transmitted helminthiasis and schistosomiasis, considered among the neglected tropical diseases by WHO, affect more than a third of the world's population, with varying intensity of infection. We aimed to evaluate the effects of mass deworming for soil-transmitted helminths (with or without deworming for schistosomiasis or co-inte...

This review evaluates the effects of mass deworming for soil‐transmitted helminths on growth, educational achievement, cognition, school attendance, quality of life and adverse effects in children in endemic helminth areas. Mass deworming for soil‐transmitted helminths probably has little to no effect on weight, height, school attendance, cognition...

Objective: To develop an innovative stepped patient decision aid (StDA) comparing the benefits and harms of 13 nonsurgical treatment options for managing osteoarthritis (OA) and to evaluate its acceptability and effects on informed decision making. Methods: Guided by the Ottawa Decision Support Framework and the International Patient Decision Ai...

Objective: To develop an evidence-based guideline for Peer Review of Electronic Search Strategies (PRESS) for systematic reviews (SRs), health technology assessments, and other evidence syntheses. Study design and setting: An SR, Web-based survey of experts, and consensus development forum were undertaken to identify checklists that evaluated or...

Background Health equity concerns the absence of avoidable and unfair differences in health. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) can provide evidence about the impact of an intervention on health equity for specific disadvantaged populations or in general populations; this is important for equity-focused decision-making. Previous work has identifie...

In a twinning partnership between the Canadian Society for International Health and Kazakhstan's Ministry of Health, a project to build capacity and a process for the adaptation and implementation of international clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) was undertaken. A pragmatic CPG adaptation process was developed that took into consideration nation...

IntroductionThe purpose of this study is to assess whether annual refresher session offerings match the needs of physicians by coding and comparing session syllabi to physician questions collected electronically at the point of care.Methods Thirteen syllabi from annual refresher continuing medical education (CME) events offered to family physicians...

There is a large volume of health information available, and, if applied in clinical practice, may contribute to effective patient care. Despite an abundance of information, sub-optimal care is common. Many factors influence practitioners' use of health information, and format (electronic or other) may be one such factor. To assess the effects of i...

: Protocols of systematic reviews and meta-analyses allow for planning and documentation of review methods, act as a guard against arbitrary decision making during review conduct, enable readers to assess for the presence of selective reporting against completed reviews, and, when made publicly available, reduce duplication of efforts and potential...

Systematic reviews should build on a protocol that describes the rationale, hypothesis, and planned methods of the review; few reviews report whether a protocol exists. Detailed, well-described protocols can facilitate the understanding and appraisal of the review methods, as well as the detection of modifications to methods and selective reporting...

Background: Intravenous vitamin C (IVC) is a contentious adjunctive cancer therapy, widely used in naturopathic and integrative oncology settings. We conducted a systematic review of human interventional and observational studies assessing IVC for use in cancer patients. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and AME...

Background: The Canadian Society for International Health (CSIH) has developed a systematic approach to support the introduction of high-quality evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) in Kazakhstan. We describe a process enabling the large-scale selection and adaptation of high-quality international CPGs requisite to the project, and ho...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assist in the development of a health technology assessment (HTA) program for the Ministry of Health (MOH) of the Republic of Kazakhstan Methods: Mentoring of an initial HTA program in Kazakhstan was provided by the Canadian Society for International Health (CSIH) by means of a partnership with the Kazakh...

Background: Many women use black cohosh as a natural treatment for menopausal symptoms. However, controversy exists around safety in breast cancer, because of its purported estrogenic activity. We conducted a systematic review of black cohosh use in women with or at risk of breast cancer. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Librar...

To compare the ability of users of 2 medical search engines, InfoClinique and the Trip database, to provide correct answers to clinical questions and to explore the perceived effects of the tools on the clinical decision-making process. Randomized trial. Three family medicine units of the family medicine program of the Faculty of Medicine at Laval...

Assessing physician needs to develop continuing medical education (CME) activities is an integral part of CME curriculum development. The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate the feasibility of identifying areas of perceived greatest needs for continuing medical education (CME) by using questions collected electronically at the point of...

The movement towards evidence-based medicine has highlighted the importance of using the best possible evidence to inform the care of patients. However, healthcare practices are not always based on evidence, resulting in inconsistencies and gaps in the provision of care of many diseases, such as osteoarthritis [1,2]. Clinical practice guidelines ha...

Objective This systematic review sought to determine the current state of the literature on the effectiveness of training health and mental health professionals in motivational interviewing (MI).Method Data sources: The following databases were searched: MEDLINE/PreMEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and CENTRAL Coch...

The availability of knowledge translation strategies that have been empirically studied and proven useful is a critical prerequisite to narrowing the research-to-practice gap in child and youth mental health. Through this review the authors sought to determine the current state of scientific knowledge of the effectiveness of knowledge translation a...

To update the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 2000 recommendations for hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA) and develop new recommendations for hand OA. A list of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic modalities commonly used to manage knee, hip, and hand OA as well as clinical scenarios representing patients with symptomatic hand, hip, and knee OA...

Cost consequences analysis was completed from randomized controlled trial (RCT) data for the Just-in-time (JIT) librarian consultation service in primary care that ran from October 2005 to April 2006. The service was aimed at providing answers to clinical questions arising during the clinical encounter while the patient waits. Cost saving and cost...

We offer a new method of validation for the effectiveness of MEDLINE searches used in systematic reviews, the Inquisitio Validus Index Medicus. Validation is essential to ensure that relevant studies are not missed by the MEDLINE search strategy.Methods To demonstrate the validation method, a sample of six updated Cochrane reviews with comprehensiv...

Background: Enhancing health equity has now achieved international political importance with endorsement from the World Health Assembly in 2009. The failure of systematic reviews to consider effects on health equity is cited by decision-makers as a limitation to their ability to inform policy and program decisions. Objectives: To systematically...

Health professionals ask questions as part of their daily practice lives. They can ask questions for a number of reasons including whether or not their knowledge is current (e.g. 'what is the best drug to use for this disease') or to reflect on whether or not they have made the best decision (e.g. 'is there anything else I could have done different...

A librarian consultation service was offered to 88 primary care clinicians during office hours. This included a streamlined evidence-based process to answer questions in fewer than 20 min. This included a contact centre accessed through a Web-based platform and using hand-held devices and computers with Web access. Librarians were given technical t...

Examples of text in title or abstract suggesting trial as cluster randomized. Examples of text in title or abstract that could be used to identify the trial as cluster randomized or possibly cluster randomized.

Subject categories and journals included in manual search to identify gold standard set of cluster randomized trials. Subject categories and journals included in manual search to identify gold standard set of cluster randomized trials.

Cluster randomized trials (CRTs) present unique methodological and ethical challenges. Researchers conducting systematic reviews of CRTs (e.g., addressing methodological or ethical issues) require efficient electronic search strategies (filters or hedges) to identify trials in electronic databases such as MEDLINE. According to the CONSORT statement...

The organization of emergency medical care limits the ability of emergency physicians to know the outcomes of most of their patients after the patients leave the emergency department. This lack of outcome feedback may hinder the practice of emergency medicine (EM) by preventing "calibration" of the decision tools of practitioners. We sought to dete...

Themes identified from articles focused on children. Table shows the themes extracted from articles focused on children.

Themes identified from articles focused on adults, and with mixed focus. Table shows the themes extracted from articles focused on adults, and with mixed focus.

In Africa, an estimated 300-500 million cases of malaria occur each year resulting in approximately 1 million deaths. More than 90% of these are in children under 5 years of age. To identify commonly held beliefs about malaria that might present barriers to its successful treatment and prevention, we conducted a systematic review of qualitative stu...

People with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) should use DMARDs (disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs) within the first three months of symptoms in order to prevent irreversible joint damage. However, recent studies report the delay in DMARD use ranges from 6.5 months to 11.5 months in Canada. While most health service delivery interventions are designed...

IntroductionSelecting sources for locating evidenceDeveloping and executing search strategies in bibliographic databasesLibrary resources and servicesAppendicesReferences

Health care professionals have a duty to provide the best services available to their clients. Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) can help physiotherapists do so by providing them with access to clinical recommendations for evaluating and treating various conditions. The purpose of this study was twofold: to assess the quality of existing CPGs in...

Complex and highly sensitive electronic literature search strategies are required for systematic reviews; however, no guidelines exist for their peer review. Poor searches may fail to identify existing evidence because of inadequate recall (sensitivity) or increase the resource requirements of reviews as a result of inadequate precision. Our object...

The movement towards evidence-based practice makes explicit the need for access to current best evidence to improve health. Advances in electronic technologies have made health information more available, but does availability affect the rate of use of evidence in practice? To assess the effectiveness of interventions intended to provide electronic...

Introduction:Continued belief in the 15-year-old finding that "only 30% - 80% of all known published randomized trials were identifiable using MEDLINE"

Background: This thesis is based on the “Just-in-Time information” (JIT) librarian consultation service project. The project was designed to test if a library-related service could be used to address an information gap in primary healthcare by assisting clinicians in answering their questions. The project specifically tested whether or not a librar...

Based on a systematic review of the literature, only low body weight and menopausal status can be considered with confidence, as important risk factors for low BMD in healthy 40-60 year old women. The use of body weight to identify high risk women may reduce unnecessary BMD testing in this age group. BMD testing of perimenopausal women is increasin...

CONSORT Checklist (0.07 MB DOC)