Jessica R. Dietch

Oregon State University | OSU · School of Psychological Science

Study objectives: Evaluate a triaged stepped-care strategy among adults 50 and older with insomnia disorder. Methods: Participants (N=245) were classified at baseline by a Triage-Checklist. Those projected to do better if they start treatment with therapist versus digitally delivered CBT-I (tCBT-I versus dCBT-I) constituted the YES stratum (n=13...

Objectives: Technology has the potential to increase access to evidence-based insomnia treatment. Patient preferences/perceptions of automated digital cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia (CBTI) and telehealth-delivered CBTI remain largely unexplored among middle-aged and older adults. Using a qualitative approach, the current study describes p...

Due to the demanding nature of their profession, nurses are at risk of experiencing irregular sleep patterns, substance use, and fatigue. Evidence supports a reciprocal relationship between alcohol use and sleep disturbances; however, no research has examined such a link in a sample of nurses. One factor that may further impact the dynamic between...

Objectives: Examine psychometric properties of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) in a sample of nurses. Method: In a sample of day shift nurses (N = 289), a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), convergent and discriminant validity analyses, and a test-retest reliability analysis were performed. Results: CFA showed that a two-factor model provid...

Objectives: Discrepancies between sleep diaries and sensor-based sleep parameters are widely recognized. This study examined the effect of showing sensor-based sleep parameters while completing a daily diary. The provision of sensor-based data was expected to reduce variance but not change the mean of self-reported sleep parameters, which would in...

Introduction Sleep diaries are the gold-standard measure of self-reported sleep parameters; however, data utility is contingent upon accurate data entry and clarity of standardized diary terminology/calculations between participants and researchers. Informed by the RESTING study, an effectiveness-implementation RCT of cognitive-behavioral therapy f...

Introduction A shortage of trained providers limits access to cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI). Supplementing traditional in-person, therapist-led CBTI with telehealth delivery and fully automated digital CBTI (dCBTI) can improve accessibility. Characterizing perceived advantages and disadvantages of distinct delivery modalities amo...

Introduction Identifying risk factors and mechanisms involved in heightened inflammation is critical for developing targeted interventions. Night shift work is a well-established factor contributing to disrupted and insufficient sleep, which is linked to heightened inflammation. This study aimed to assess the impact of night shift frequency and sle...

Introduction Prior research has established that sleep disturbances and depression are associated. However, notable limitations exist across past studies, including the heavy use of between-person analyses that are often based on single time point measures, use of general “sleep disturbance” over well-defined facets of sleep, overreliance on self-r...

Introduction Differences between objectively and subjectively measured sleep can vary widely between participants and these differences may depend on individual characteristics, including mental health. The severity of mental health symptoms may be beneficial in assessing the magnitude of discrepancies between participants’ objective and subjective...

Introduction Online trainings to learn new skills and interventions are growing in popularity for mental health practitioners. Such platforms show promise for exponentially improving dissemination of evidence-based treatments and subsequent accessibility for individuals in need of effective care. However, minimal research has been done on the long-...

Introduction Few providers are trained to deliver Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Nightmares (CBT-N) despite the impact of nightmares on physical and mental health. Reduced access to treatment is partially due to limited training opportunities. Web-based training resources are valuable because they are easily accessible, are cost-efficient, and ca...

Introduction Few providers are trained to deliver Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Nightmares (CBT-N) despite the impact of nightmares on physical and mental health. Reduced access to treatment is partially due to limited training opportunities. Web-based training resources are valuable because they are easily accessible, are cost-efficient, and ca...

The Society of Behavioral Medicine supports increasing access to evidence-based treatment of insomnia by addressing barriers at the patient, provider, and systemic levels including support from government agencies to raise awareness about sleep and sleep disorders, health payors providing fair reimbursement for evidence-based insomnia assessment an...

Objective To evaluate the impact of physical rehabilitation interventions, supplemented with one or more adherence-enhancing components, on outcomes among adults with hip or knee osteoarthritis or chronic lower back pain. Design Primary literature search from inception of each database to July 27, 2021, guided by relevant search terms and keywords...

The objective of the current study was to examine the relationship between sleep characteristics and college degree attainment. Participants were 968 college students (72% female; mean age 19.7 [1.7]). Participants completed a psychosocial and sleep questionnaire battery followed by one week of daily sleep diaries. Academic degree completion data w...

BACKGROUND: Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) parasomnias are often benign and transient, requiring no formal treatment. However, parasomnias can also be chronic, disrupt sleep quality, and pose a significant risk of harm to the patient or others. Numerous behavioral strategies have been described for the management of NREM parasomnias, but there have...

Insomnia and nightmares are common in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). They are associated with worse psychological and physical health and worse PTSD treatment outcomes. In addition, they are resistant to PTSD treatments, which do not typically address sleep disorders. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia and nightmares (CB...

Introduction Precision measurement of sleep metrics like sleep onset latency (SOL) and total sleep time (TST) has long been a challenge. Multiple studies have demonstrated significant discrepancies between sleep diaries and wearable device derived sleep metrics especially in patients with subjective-objective sleep discrepancy (SOSD; e.g., some pat...

Study objectives: To examine beliefs about prescription sleep medications (hypnotics) among individuals with insomnia disorder seeking cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) and predictors of wishing to reduce use. Methods: Baseline data was collected from 245 adults 50 years and older enrolled in the "RCT of the effectiveness of stepp...

Video games are a popular form of entertainment. However, there is mixed evidence for the association between video game usage and poor sleep quality, short sleep duration, or delayed sleep timing. The current study examined associations between daily sleep behaviours and video game usage via a Bayesian and frequentist statistical approach. Caffein...

Study objectives: Examine bidirectional associations between daytime napping and nighttime sleep among pregnant individuals with insomnia disorder. Methods: We used baseline data from a randomized controlled trial of insomnia treatment during pregnancy (n=116). Participants in their second or third trimester of pregnancy self-reported daytime na...

Study objectives: To naturalistically measure sleep disturbances following stress exposure (i.e., sleep reactivity) and stress responses following sleep disturbances (i.e., stress reactivity) at the daily level and prospectively examine these reactivity measures as individual risk factors for insomnia. Methods: The study assessed 392 nurses' sle...

Individuals from minoritized racial/ethnic groups have higher levels of circulating inflammatory markers. However, the mechanisms underlying these differences remain understudied. The objective of this study was to examine racial/ethnic variations in multiple markers of inflammation and whether impaired sleep contributes to these racial/ethnic diff...

Background Extensive literature support telehealth as a supplement or adjunct to in-person care for the management of chronic conditions such as congestive heart failure (CHF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Evidence is needed to support the use of telehealth as an equivalent and equitable replacement for in-person care and to assess potential...

Everyday experience suggests that sleep and affect are closely linked, with daytime affect influencing how we sleep, and sleep influencing subsequent affect. Yet empirical evidence for this bidirectional relationship between sleep and affect in non-clinical adult samples remains mixed, which may be due to heterogeneity in both construct definitions...

Habitual sleep duration and efficiency vary widely by age, gender, and racial/ethnic identity. Despite growing research on the importance of night‐to‐night, intraindividual variability (IIV) in sleep, few studies have examined demographic differences in sleep IIV. The present study describes typical sleep IIV overall and by demographics among healt...

Study objectives: Shift work is common, yet does not always result in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) defined shift work sleep disorder (SWD). This study reports on the reliability and validity of the DSM-5 informed Shift Work Disorder Index (SWDI), the presence of probable SWD in nurses, and demographi...

Introduction Increased exposure and reactivity to daytime stressors may heighten the frequency and severity of nightmares. Although research has examined the role of personality traits such as neuroticism in nightmares, it is unknown if other hypervigilance-related characteristics predict nightmares. Social vigilance, or monitoring one’s social env...

Introduction Prior research has demonstrated a relationship between screen time and sleep health, but more work is needed to understand the potential impact of reason for screen time and timing (i.e., weekend vs. weekday). This study aimed to determine whether screen time, and reason for use, was associated with insomnia symptoms in a sample of uni...

Introduction This secondary analysis was conducted to examine the psychometric properties of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) in a sample of non-shift working nurses. Insomnia is a common sleep disorder and has been linked to poor physical, psychological, and cognitive outcomes and increased accidents. Unique features of this sample (e.g., long sh...

Introduction Previous research has documented a tendency among adults with insomnia to underestimate nighttime sleep duration compared to actigraphy estimates. We examined whether discrepancy in nighttime sleep parameters is impacted by daytime napping behavior. Methods We used baseline data from a randomized controlled trial of insomnia treatment...

Introduction Digital CBTI programs are effective at treating symptoms of insomnia. They also have the potential to increase treatment reach, convenience, and affordability for patients, and to reduce long wait times for behavioral sleep medicine providers. The COVID-19 pandemic has instigated an increased reliance on the use of technology for many....

Introduction Both online and therapist-led cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) are effective. However, little is known about the optimal combination and sequence to maximize both access and effectiveness. The RESTING study is a randomized controlled trial assessing the effectiveness of a triaged stepped care approach (STEPPPED-CARE) to...

Introduction Digital CBTI (dCBTI) may serve as a good initial intervention in a stepped-care approach to treat insomnia. Understanding who is likely to respond to dCBTI can guide triaging of care, thus shortening wait times for those who most need to meet with an insomnia therapist. The purpose of this study was to examine baseline predictors of re...

Background: Experiences of homelessness and serious mental illness (SMI) negatively impact health and receipt of healthcare. Interventions that promote the use of primary care services for people with both SMI and homelessness may improve health outcomes, but this literature has not been evaluated systematically. This evidence map examines the bre...

Introduction Poor sleep health is common among individuals in early treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs) and may serve an important role in predicting SUD outcomes. However, sleep parameters have been inconsistently linked with risk of relapse, perhaps because previous research has focused on mean values of sleep parameters (e.g., total sle...

Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is an effective, non-pharmacological intervention, designated by the American College of Physicians as the first-line treatment of insomnia disorder. The current randomized controlled study uses a Hybrid-Type-1 design to compare the effectiveness and implementation potential of two approaches to del...

Study objectives: Characterize associations between sleep impairments and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, including anger, in service members seeking treatment for PTSD. Methods: Ninety-three US Army personnel recruited into a PTSD treatment study completed the baseline assessment. State of the science sleep measurements included...

Background: Individuals with poor sleep (e.g., insomnia) and mental health (e.g., depression) experience negative stigma but no studies have examined the relationship between stigma and evening chronotype. The present mixed methods study aimed to assess and describe explicit and implicit attitudes about evening and morning chronotypes in a sample o...

Insomnia is common but severely underreported and undertreated. One possible reason for this problem is the lack of providers in cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I). To address this we created CBTIweb.org, an online training platform for providers to learn the basics of sleep, assessing insomnia, and CBT-I. The present study assessed...

Background Nursing is a demanding occupation characterized by dramatic sleep disruptions. Yet most studies on nurses’ sleep treat sleep disturbances as a homogenous construct and do not use daily measures to address recall biases. Using person-centered analyses, we examined heterogeneity in nurses' daily sleep patterns in relation to psychological...

Nurses experience poor sleep and high stress due to demanding work environments. Night shift work may exacerbate stress-sleep associations. We examined bidirectional associations between daily stress and sleep, and moderation by shift worker status and daily work schedule. 392 nurses (92% female, mean age = 39.54) completed 14 days of sleep diaries...

Nurses experience poor sleep and high stress due to demanding work environments. Night shift work is common among nurses and may exacerbate stress–sleep associations. We examined bidirectional associations between daily stress and sleep, and moderation by recent shift worker status and daily work schedule among nurses. Participants were 392 nurses...

Video games are a popular form of entertainment, and their popularity is projected to grow in many industrialized nations. Research has indicated that video game usage could have potential benefits and drawbacks on health. One such drawback is poor sleep. Short sleep and poor-quality sleep are linked to increased risk for depression, obesity, all-c...

Background Insomnia identity, the conviction that one has insomnia, occurs independently of sleep quality or quantity, and is associated with numerous negative health outcomes. Little is known about factors influencing insomnia identity. This study planned to evaluate insomnia identity, perceived sleep experience, and sleep parameters. Method Indi...

Aims Gulf War Illness (GWI) is manifested as multiple chronic symptoms, including chronic pain, chronic fatigue, sleep problems, neuropsychiatric disorders, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and skin problems. No single target tissue or unifying pathogenic process has been identified that accounts for this variety of symptoms. The brainstem has been s...

Introduction Negative explicit and implicit stigma surrounding mental and physical health conditions are endorsed by people with and without these conditions. Stigma can lead to adverse consequences such as higher levels of distress and isolation. People with insomnia report internalized stigma associated with their insomnia and often delay treatme...

Introduction Prevalence of insomnia and prescription of sleep medications increases in older adults and is associated with heightened risk of falls, cognitive and psychomotor detriments, and exacerbation of pre-existing conditions. The present study aimed to characterize beliefs about sleep and sleep medications, hypnotic self-efficacy, and hypnoti...

Introduction The EPWORTH Sleepiness Scale (ESS) is correlated with clinical parameters among patients with obstructive sleep apnea. However, its clinical relevance among patients with insomnia disorder is not clear. These patients often do not report daytime sleepiness nor have abnormal MSLT scores, but many do experience sleepiness in the evening....

Introduction Evening chronotype is associated with greater reports of insufficient sleep and sleep-related distress. Little research has examined this relationship within the context of pregnancy. This study investigated whether eveningness predicts insomnia severity, sleep effort, dysfunctional sleep beliefs, and sleep reactivity to stress in preg...

Introduction Nurses may experience frequent nightmares due to stressful work environments. Some studies estimate that 35% of nurses experience nightmares related to experiences at work. Nightmares may also exacerbate stress among nurses, although this has yet to be tested empirically. We examined daily bidirectional associations between stress seve...

Introduction Nurses are subject to stressful work environments, which may negatively impact their sleep and increase their risk for nightmares. Previous studies have shown that women, night shift workers, and individuals with comorbid psychological conditions are more likely to report nightmares. Yet no studies have comprehensively examined demogra...

Introduction The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship between current beliefs about hypnotic medications and historical use of prescription hypnotic medications or non-prescription substances for sleep (i.e., over the counter [OTC] medications, alcohol, and cannabis). Methods Participants were 142 middle age and older adult...

Introduction Insomnia, shiftwork (i.e., circadian rhythm disruptions) and insufficient sleep are common among nurses and healthcare workers. Each of these sleep problems can contribute to physical (e.g., inflammation, musculoskeletal pain, cardiovascular disease and heart rate variability, indigestion, and menstrual cycle irregularity) and mental (...

Introduction Napping is common in pregnant women; however, characteristics associated with napping in pregnant women with insomnia have not been studied. Methods We used baseline data from a randomized controlled trial of insomnia treatment during pregnancy for this cross-sectional analysis (n=159). Women self-reported sociodemographic characteris...

Introduction Use of telemedicine platforms for conducting CBTI has the potential to reach more patients than in person treatment alone. While CBTI has been shown to be effective in older adults, questions about proficiency with technology and preference for treatment modality have not been addressed. Methods Baseline data from participants in the...

Background Cigarette use during adolescence has been linked to increased risk for insomnia symptoms, but limited work has examined factors that may account for this association. Adolescent cigarette use and anxiety symptoms characterized by physiological hyperarousal evidence bidirectional associations, as do anxiety symptoms and insomnia symptoms....

Nurses may experience frequent nightmares due to stressful work environments. Nightmares may also exacerbate stress among nurses, although this has yet to be tested empirically. We examined daily bidirectional associations between stress severity and nightmares, and moderation by posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. 392 nurses (92% female...

Study objectives: The Consensus Sleep Diary (CSD) was developed by experts to promote standardization of sleep diary data across the field, but studies comparing the CSD to other assessments of sleep parameters are scarce. This study compared the CSD with three other methods to assess sleep duration, efficiency and timing. Methods: Participants...

Introduction Chronic insomnia is a common and debilitating disease that increases risk for significant morbidity and workplace difficulties. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is the first-line treatment, but there is a critical lack of behavioral health providers trained in CBT-I because, in part, of a bottleneck in training availab...

Objective/Background Disrupted sleep can be a cause and a consequence of affective experiences. However, daily longitudinal studies show sleep assessed via sleep diaries is more consistently associated with positive and negative affect than sleep assessed via actigraphy. The objective of the study was to test whether sleep parameters derived from a...

Numerous biological, psychological, and social factors related to sex and gender contribute to differences in insomnia prevalence, experience, and correlates across the lifespan. Individuals assigned female at birth have higher rates of insomnia from puberty onward, a difference attributable in part to sex-based differences such as cyclical hormona...

Many individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) also suffer from insomnia and nightmares, which may be symptoms of PTSD or constitute partially independent comorbid disorders. Sleep disturbances are resistant to current treatments for PTSD, and those suffering from PTSD, insomnia, and nightmares have worse PTSD treatment outcomes. In add...

Study Objectives Nurses are a group at high risk for nightmares, yet little is known about the rate of nightmare disorder and associated psychosocial factors in this group in part attributable to the lack of a self-report questionnaire to assess DSM-5 criteria for nightmare disorder. Aims of the current study were to 1) report on development and in...

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a significant public health problem. Insomnia is one of the most common symptoms of TBI, occurring in 30–50% of patients with TBI, and is more frequently reported in patients with mild as opposed to moderate or severe TBI. Although insomnia may be precipitated by mTBI, it is unlikely to subside on its own witho...

Objective Insomnia and depression have been inconsistently associated with inflammation. Age may be one important moderator of these associations. This study examined associations between insomnia and depression with inflammatory biomarkers in nurses and how these associations varied by age. Design: Participants were 392 nurses ages 18-65 (M age =...

Background Disturbed sleep can be a cause and a consequence of elevated stress. Yet intensive longitudinal studies have revealed that sleep assessed via diaries and actigraphy is inconsistently associated with daily stress. Purpose We expanded this research by examining daily associations between sleep and stress using a threefold approach to asse...

Objective: Disturbed sleep is common among nurses and is associated with morbidity and mortality. Inflammation may be one mechanism linking sleep and disease. Yet most studies have relied on retrospective questionnaires to assess sleep, which fail to account for night-to-night fluctuations in sleep across time (i.e., intraindividual variability (I...

Background: The risk for nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) after exposure to newer versus older gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) remains unclear. Purpose: To synthesize evidence about NSF risk with newer versus older GBCAs across the spectrum of kidney function. Data sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled T...

Background Nightmares and insomnia are significant concerns that commonly co-occur with each other and with other health disorders. Limited research has examined the unique and shared aspects of insomnia and nightmares, and little is known about sleep in US National Guard personnel. This study sought to determine the prevalence and psychosocial cor...

Objective/Background The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) is an insomnia self-report measure used to identify individuals at risk for insomnia disorder. Although the full ISI is only seven questions, a briefer version would allow more efficient and pragmatic administration in routine practice settings. Reliable and valid brief measures can support mea...

Introduction Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) reduces insomnia severity among individuals with insomnia and major depressive disorder (MDD). Understanding the long-term trajectories of insomnia symptom severity has the potential to inform optimization of CBT-I in this population. The objectives of this study were to examine traject...

Introduction Early termination (i.e., dropout) from cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) likely attenuates benefits and may reduce motivation for future treatment. The aim of the current study was to identify characteristics of participants who dropped out of CBT-I in an RCT of combined treatment for depression and insomnia. Methods P...

Introduction Disturbed sleep can be both a cause and a consequence of increased stress. Yet intensive longitudinal studies have demonstrated that sleep assessed via sleep diaries and actigraphy is inconsistently associated with daily stress. We expanded this research by examining daily associations between sleep and stress using a three-fold approa...

Introduction Nurses work in stressful environments and often have rotating work schedules, which may put them at risk for disturbed sleep and health. Poor quality and short sleep duration are strong risk factors for high blood pressure (HBP). Yet few studies have examined these associations in nurses, who may be a particularly at-risk sample. To ad...

Introduction Longitudinal studies have shown daily stress and sleep are bidirectionally associated. Nurses are particularly likely to experience sleep disturbances and high stress due to demanding work environments. Night shift work may be a unique stressor for nurses that exacerbates associations between stress and sleep. Using a within-person des...

Introduction Nurses report a higher prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) than the general population, and approximately 18% of nurses report having depression. Nightmares are a common symptom of PTSD, and both nightmares and PTSD are correlated with depression. Nightmares may represent a possible clinical target for improving outcomes...

Introduction Chronic insomnia is a common, debilitating disorder and a risk factor for significant medical morbidity, mental health problems, and workplace difficulties. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is the gold standard treatment for insomnia. However, few providers are trained in CBT-I, in part due to a bottleneck in training...

Introduction The accurate estimation of sleep is critical for understanding who is most at risk for sleep disorders and associated disease outcomes. Individuals who overestimate sleep disturbances may be at increased risk for insomnia. A few studies have shown demographic differences in the accuracy of sleep estimation when comparing subjective and...

Background Weight control behaviors (WCBs) typically involve appearance- or health-driven behaviors that may be influenced by physiological, psychological, or social factors. Sleep disturbances like insomnia are an important area of research for adolescent populations, as early intervention may result in improvements in other physical and mental he...

Objectives: Research suggests strong associations between habitual sleep parameters (eg, mean duration, timing, efficiency), perceived stress, and insomnia symptoms. The associations between intraindividual variability (IIV; night-to-night within-person variation) in sleep, perceived stress, and insomnia have not been explored. This study examined...

Sleep disturbances are common in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and can have major impacts on workplace performance and functioning. Although effects between PTSD and sleep broadly have been documented, little work has tested their day-to-day temporal relationship particularly in those exposed to occupational trauma. The present study examine...

Objective/background: Prospective, daily sleep diaries are the gold standard for assessing subjective sleep but are not always feasible for cross-sectional or epidemiological studies. The current study examined psychometric properties of two retrospective questionnaire versions of the Consensus Sleep Diary. Participants/methods: College students...