Jesper Wiborg Schneider

• PhD
• Professor at Aarhus University

This study explores the use of generative AI (GenAI) and research integrity assessments of use cases by researchers, including PhD students, at Danish universities. Conducted through a survey sent to all Danish researchers from January to February 2024, the study received 2,534 responses and evaluated 32 GenAI use cases across five research phases:...

This study explores the use of generative AI (GenAI) and research integrity assessments of use cases by researchers, including PhD students, at Danish universities. Conducted through a survey sent to all Danish researchers from January to February 2024, the study received 2,534 responses and evaluated 32 GenAI use cases across five research phases:...

Questionable research practices (QRP) are believed to be widespread, but empirical assessments are generally restricted to a few types of practices. Furthermore, conceptual confusion is rife with use and prevalence of QRPs often being confused as the same quantity. We present the hitherto most comprehensive study examining QRPs across scholarly fie...

Research on scientific careers finds a mover’s advantage. International migration correlates with increased visibility and productivity. However, if scientists who move internationally, on average, enter into more prestigious employments than they came from, extant research may overestimate the direct performance gains associated with international...

Open data sharing is critical for scientific progress. Yet, many authors refrain from sharing scientific data, even when they have promised to do so. Through a preregistered, randomized audit experiment (N = 1,634), we tested possible ethnic, gender and status-related bias in scientists’ data-sharing willingness. 814 (54%) authors of papers where d...

Academia has traditionally faced a substantial gender gap in staff positions and career path progression. Women do not advance up the academic career ladder in the same rate as men, with evidence of gender bias in hiring, earnings, funding, and recognition by means of prestigious awards. In this study we focus on gender differences in funding appli...

With this commentary we respond to Olof Hallonsten’s recent plea to stop evaluating science. In particular, we challenge two central premises of Hallonsten’s argument, regarding both the scope of his argument and the claim that ‘exogenous’ metric evaluation of science on its own explains failures of the current scientific enterprise to produce cert...

The Foundation for Baltic and East European Studies (Östersjöstiftelsen) commissioned in autumn 2018 a study of Östersjöstiftelsen’s funding practices of research activities at Södertörn University to the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy (CFA). This report presents the outcome of this study.

The aim of this article is to present an alternative method for science mapping, which remedies some of the classic limitations to e.g. using co-citation analysis as a mapping tool. With the emergence of new, more complex and interdisciplinary areas of research it becomes important to adjust our understandings of how to study these areas, and the a...

In order to examine potential effects of methodological choices influencing developments in relative citation scores for countries, a fixed journal set comprising of 3232 journals continuously indexed in the Web of Science from 1981 to 2014 is constructed. From this restricted set, a citation database depicting the citing relations between the jour...

In this elaborate response to Wu (in Scientometrics, 2018), I maintain that null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) is logically flawed. Wu (2018) disagrees with this claim presented in Schneider (in Scientometrics 102(1):411–432, 2015). In this response, I examine the claim in more depth and demonstrate that since NHST is based on one conditio...

Gender and sex analysis is increasingly recognized as a key factor in creating better medical research and healthcare. Using a sample of more than 1.5 million medical research papers, our study examined the potential link between women’s participation in medical science and attention to gender- and sex-related factors in disease-specific research....

Gender and sex analysis is increasingly recognized as a key factor in creating better medical research and health care ¹⁻⁷. Using a sample of more than 1.5 million medical research papers, our study examined the potential link between women's participation in medical science and attention to gender-related and sex-related factors in disease-specifi...

Identification or construction of relevant benchmark or control units for an evaluation task at hand is a complicated and resourceful task, however, it is one of the most important premises for performing valid and meaningful evaluations. It should be also claimed that the challenge is subtler than hitherto acknowledged, since simple university or...

The analytical point of departure in this paper is the ongoing debate, initiated by Ulrich Beck, on methodological nationalism within the social sciences. Based on a comprehensive study of research collaboration and mobility of researchers this paper discusses possible traces of methodological nationalism in comparative studies of research performa...

The relationship between research policy and academic performance is highly relevant to policy. Yet our knowledge of the effects of different systemic factors is still limited and inconclusive. In an explorative, single country case study covering a timespan of three decades this study examines the effects of changes in selected funding factors bas...

The present paper examines the relation between size, accumulation and performance for research grants, where we examine the relation between grant size for Centres of Excellence (CoE) funded by the Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF) and various ex post research performance measures, including impact and shares of highly cited articles. We...

The growing use of performance-based research funding systems has motivated increased interest in how they influence researcher behavior. This article draws both on survey and publication data to examine developments in researcher behavior and publication activity for individual researchers since the implementation of the Norwegian Publication Indi...

The experiences from Australia where undifferentiated publication counts were linked to funding of universities in 1993 is well known. Publication activity increased, but the largest increase was in lower-impact journals, leading to a general drop in overall citation impact for Australia. The experience from Australia has been a warning for what wo...

The article presents three advanced citation-based methods used to detect potential breakthrough papers among very highly cited papers. We approach the detection of such papers from three different perspectives in order to provide different typologies of breakthrough papers. In all three cases we use the classification of scientific publications de...

Based on a comprehensive study of research collaboration and mobility of researchers this paper discusses possible traces of methodological nationalism in comparative studies of research performance. The analytical point of departure in the paper is the ongoing debate on methodological nationalism within the social sciences, initiated by German soc...

There has been a growing use of performance-based research funding systems (PRFS) as a policy tool. With the introduction of the Publication Indicator in 2004, Norway joined this international trend in which the allocation of basic funds is increasingly linked to performance indicators. The purpose of this article is to present and discuss the main...

We present main results from the bibliometric part of a recent evaluation of two different postdoctoral (postdoc)-funding instruments used in Denmark. We scrutinize the results for robustness, stability, and importance, and eventually come out questioning the official conclusions inferred from these results. Acknowledging the deficiencies of non-ra...

An increasing demand for bibliometric assessment of individuals has led to a growth of new bibliometric indicators as well as new variants or combinations of established ones. The aim of this review is to contribute with objective facts about the usefulness of bibliometric indicators of the effects of publication activity at the individual level. T...

Null hypothesis statistical significance tests (NHST) are widely used in quantitative research in the empirical sciences including scientometrics. Nevertheless, since their introduction nearly a century ago significance tests have been controversial. Many researchers are not aware of the numerous criticisms raised against NHST. As practiced, NHST h...

This paper discusses the development of a mixed methods approach to analyse research funding. Research policy has taken on an increasingly prominent role in the broader political scene, where research is seen as a critical factor in maintaining and improving growth, welfare and international competitiveness. This has motivated growing emphasis on t...

This paper presents an empirical analysis of two different methodologies for calculating national citation indicators: whole counts and fractionalised counts. The aim of our study is to investigate the effect on relative citation indicators when citations to documents are fractionalised among the authoring countries. We have performed two analyses:...

Indicators of scientific impact have come to play an important role, e.g. in national research assessments and university rankings. In many cases, assessments use journal indicators or rankings as a proxy for the impact of individual papers, which is inherently problematic. Rather few studies have looked at the correlations of various indicators, o...

This paper raises concerns about the advantages of using statistical significance tests in research assessments as has recently been suggested in the debate about proper normalization procedures for citation indicators. Statistical significance tests are highly controversial and numerous criticisms have been leveled against their use. Based on exam...

A recent report has shown a discrepancy between citations to Danish research publications with international collaboration and without; with a higher citation rate to international publications. This discrepancy is particularly large for the university hospitals. A possible explanation is the use of different study designs in national publications...

The present paper reports on the initial study and the preliminary findings of how the concept of simulated work task situation is reported used in the research literature. The overall objective of the study is in a systematic manner to learn how and for what types of evaluations the concept is applied. In particular we are interested to learn whet...

This article outlines and discusses the bibliometric indicator used for performance-based funding of research institutions in Norway. It is argued that the indicator is novel and innovative as compared to the indicators used in other funding models. It compares institutions based on all their publication-based research activities across all discipl...

Aim The present article contributes to the current methodological debate concerning author co-citation analyses. (ACA) The study compares two different units of analyses, i.e. first- versus inclusive all-author co-citation counting, as well as two different matrix generation approaches, i.e. a conventional multivariate and the so-called Drexel appr...

The concept of recall has been one of the key elements of system measurement throughout the history of information retrieval, despite the fact that there are many unanswered questions as to its value. In this essay, we review those questions and explore ...

The present paper explores simultaneous modelling of cross-reference activity between authors by use of asymmetric proximities and multidimensional unfolding. We thereby model and map both citing and cited relations between authors in a common space. This enables a more comprehensive comparison of the author's dual roles of citing and being cited i...

The present two-part article introduces matrix comparison as a formal means for evaluation purposes in informetric studies such as co-citation analysis. In the first part, the motivation behind introducing matrix comparison to informetric studies, as well as two important issues influencing such comparisons, matrix generation and the composition of...

The present two-part article introduces matrix comparison as a formal means for evaluation purposes in informetric studies such as co-citation analysis. In this, the first part, the motivation behind introducing matrix comparison to informetric studies, as well as two important issues influencing such comparisons, are introduced and discussed. The...

The study presents a comparative analysis between first and all-author co-citation analyses, as well as comparison between two matrix generation approaches. We thus continue the latest research in author co-citation analysis (ACA), where the results of the traditional first-author analyses based on ISI citation indexes are challenged by incorporati...

The present study presents a semi-automatic method for parsing and filtering of noun phrases from citation contexts of concept symbols. The purpose of the method is to extract contextual, agreed upon, and pertinent noun phrases, to be used in visualization studies for naming clusters (concept groups) or concept symbols. The method is applied in a c...

The doctoral dissertation work concerns the development and exploration of a semi-automatic thesaurus construction approach based on bibliometric methods.

The present study investigates the ability of a bibliometric based semi-automatic method to select candidate thesaurus terms from citation contexts. The method consists of document co-citation analysis, citation context analysis, and noun phrase parsing. The investigation is carried out within the specialty area of periodontology. The results clear...

The present study presents a semi-automatic method for parsing and filtering of noun phrases from citation contexts. The purpose of the method is to extract contextual, agreed upon, and pertinent noun phrases, to be used in visualization studies for naming clusters (concept groups) or concept symbols. The method is applied in a case study, which fo...

The paper introduces bibliometrics to the research area of knowledge organization – more precisely in relation to construction and maintenance of thesauri. As such, the paper reviews related work that has been of inspiration for the assembly of a semi-automatic, bibliometric-based, approach for construction and maintenance. Similarly, the paper dis...

Visualization of scientific frontiers is a relatively new field, yet it has a long history and many predecessors. The application of science to science itself has been undertaken for decades with notable early contributions by Derek Price, Thomas Kuhn, Diana Crane, Eugene Garfield, and many others. What is new is the field of information visualizat...

We have created a system for music search and retrieval. A user sings a theme from the desired piece of music. The sung theme (query) is converted into a sequence of pitch-intervals and rhythms. This sequence is compared to musical themes (targets) stored ...