Jérôme Juilleret

Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) | LIST · Environmental Research & Innovation (ERIN)

https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1U0hq1Dk5A9hZe Regoliths encompass different materials from the fresh bedrock to the top of the organic horizons. The occurrence and evolution of these materials are determined by deposition, erosion and weathering processes that are specific for each region. The origin and interaction of the regolith layers are stil...

The formation, functioning and emergent properties of patterned landscapes have recently drawn increased attention, notably in semi-arid ecosystems. We describe and analyze a set of similarly spectacular landforms in seasonal tropical wetlands. Surales landscapes, comprised of densely packed, regularly spaced mounds, cover large areas of the Orinoc...

The geological map is the basic and necessary information to perform a soil survey. Nevertheless, the scale of the geological map does not always correspond to the requirements of some hydropedological studies, especially when they are performed at the headwater catchment scale. Furthermore, in temperate climate regions, where the outcrops are not...

This article describes a remarkable geologic and pedologic outcrop located in the Luxembourg Ardennes (Oesling). The observed superficial formation is recognized as Pleistocene periglacial slope deposit (PPSD). Soil horizons are strongly influenced by the different layers of PPSD. The biologically active topsoil, made of an Ah and Bw horizon develo...

It was time to take stock. We modified the humipedons classification key published in 2018, to make it easier and more practical. This morpho-functional taxonomy of the topsoil (humipedon) was only available in English: we also translated it into French and Italian. A standardized morpho-functional classification of humipedon (roughly the top 30-40...

Within the critical zone, regolith plays a key role in the fundamental hydrological functions of water collection, storage, mixing and release. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is recognized as a remarkable tool for characterizing the geometry and properties of the regolith, overcoming limitations inherent to conventional borehole-based inve...

The Weierbach experimental catchment (0.45 km²) is the most instrumented and studied sub‐catchment in the Alzette River basin in Luxembourg. Within the last decade, it has matured towards an interdisciplinary critical zone observatory focusing on a better understanding of hydrological and hydro‐geochemical processes. The Weierbach catchment is embe...

Fossil bioerosion traces at a new site of Les Bez (Jura Department) and those already known from Verrières-de-Joux (Doubs Department) in the central French Jura record an ancient Miocene cliffed shoreline cut into Lower Cretaceous limestones. Both localities are at about 900 m above the present sea level. Caulostrepsis, Gastrochaenolites and Circol...

In the history of alluvium and colluvium, the definitions have been shifted and rearranged several times, and this evolution is ongoing. Although field books, textbooks, and dictionaries provide standardized references, the authors of those definitions must wrestle with a wide variety of previous definitions, especially for colluvium. Contributing...

Within the Critical Zone, regolith plays a key role in the fundamental hydrological functions of water collection, storage, mixing and release. Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) is recognized as a remarkable tool for characterizing the geometry and properties of the regolith, overcoming limitations inherent to conventional borehole-based inve...

Cupules Art in different sites of the Haouz plain and Ouarzazate basin

Within the Critical Zone, regolith plays a key role in the fundamental hydrological function of water collection, storage, mixing and release. Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) is recognized as a remarkable tool for characterizing the geometry and properties of the regolith, overcoming limitations inherent to conventional borehole-based inves...

Purpose/Objectives. The occurrence and propagation of faecal-derived viruses in streams constitute a major public health issue. However, little in situ information is currently available on the transport and dynamic of viruses in water, including the role of each stream compartment (water column, suspended solid particle and riverbed sediment). Vir...

With interplanetary exploration having picked up momentum in recent years, driven by scientific and economic interests (Elvis, 2012), planet Mars is a top priority for future potentially manned missions. Since the first missions in the late 1970s, multiple landers and rovers have delivered data and new knowledge on Mars’ atmosphere, topography, and...

Regolith architecture and properties are key to streamflow generation. An accurate assessment of the geometry and properties of the main compartments of the regolith is of major relevance in hydrological studies. Factors such as the composition of the soil cover, the soil depth, and the weathering state and features of the subsoil, determine water...

An integrated knowledge of the soil and its deeper substratum is required when dealing with environmental issues and Critical Zone research. Though the lower boundary for classifying soils is set at 200 cm in both Soil Taxonomy (ST) and the World Reference Base (WRB), these systems are ill equipped for categorising layers below diagnostic horizons....

Weakening of the rock texture in a saprolite by weathering and further pedoplasmation results in the formation of a porous network and neoformed clays, which are the initial stages of pedogenesis, but the saprolite is likely the least studied compartment of the regolith. In this paper, the genesis of clays and their associated pore system was studi...

Terms and concepts have been defined in Humusica 1, article 1 and the functioning of humus systems has been discussed in Humusica 1, article 2. Here a short overview of the matter, showing humus systems in their environment, is provided for beginners, before making field investigations. The present work is intended as a part of the field manual (HU...

In this article, we present the Terrestrial intergrades from never or only few days submersed humipedons, without permanent hydromorphic signs, until humipedons with presence of signs of partial asphyxia. Specific terms are defined and diagnostic horizons illustrated, both with the help of text explanations and photographs. The article ends with a...

Knowledge of a little number of specific terms is necessary to investigate and describe humipedons. This “new vocabulary” allows individuating and circumscribing particular diagnostic horizons, which are the fundamental bricks of the humipedon. Few “components” defined by specific terms characterize a specific “humipedon horizon”; few “humipedon ho...

This article is an as simple as possible key of classification of terrestrial (aerobic, not submersed) topsoils (organic and organic-mineral series of soil horizons). Based on the introduction exposed in Humusica 1, article 1, and using vocabulary and definitions listed in article 4, a classification is proposed for better understanding the biologi...

The soil pattern of the Lias cuesta landscape in central Luxembourg is strongly related to lithology, land cover and land use. On a short distance, many of the major soil types of the temperate zone can be found, as the substrates show a clear distinction and gradient from acidic to more neutral conditions in both fine and coarser textured material...

Planet Earth is covered by very common Terrestrial (not submersed), Histic (peats) and Aqueous (tidal) humi-pedons. Beside these typical topsoils there are other more discrete humipedons, generated by the interaction of mineral matter with microorganisms, fungi and small plants (algae, lichens and mosses). In some cases roots and their symbionts ca...

The Special Issue Humusica 1 corresponds to a field guide for the classification of terrestrial humus systems and forms. The present first article of the issue defines vocabulary, objects and concepts necessary for: (a) field investigation, (b) understanding the process of classification, (c) assigning ecological significance to the defined morpho-...

Agro humus systems correspond to agricultural humipedons. Specific terms and diagnostic horizons are defined and topsoil profiles are described. With this new vocabulary, which focuses on the biological structure of the A horizon, we can compare these humipedons with their original natural expression. Under human pressure for agricultural purposes,...

Legacy soil data have been produced over 70 years in nearly all countries of the world. Unfortunately, data, information and knowledge are still currently fragmented and at risk of getting lost if they remain in a paper format. To process this legacy data into consistent, spatially explicit and continuous global soil information, data are being res...

Subsurface flow is often recognized as a dominant runoff generation process. However, observing subsurface properties, and understanding how they control flow pathways, remains challenging. This paper investigates how surface slope and bedrock cleavage control subsurface flow pathways in a slate bedrock headwater catchment in Luxembourg, characteri...

A clear interest for classifying regolith material was expressed during the “Whole–Regolith Pedology” symposium organized by the “Soil Science Society of America” in 1992. Buol (1994) subsequently proposed a Saprolite-Regolith Taxonomy (SRT) but this classification system has hardly been adopted by the soil science community. In principal subsolum...

Double peak hydrographs are widespread phenomena but poorly understood mechanistically. In many cases, saturation-excess overland flow in the near-stream areas is assumed to control the initial peak, while the delayed peak is explained by subsurface flow in the soil or sediment cover or groundwater flow on fractured bedrock. Here we explore the mec...

While being of highest relevance in catchment studies, subsurface regolith observations remain severely measurement limited. There is a pressing need for detailed information on the structure, properties and weathering states of the soil to bedrock continu um. Groundwater plays a key role in the fundamental hydrological functions of catchments, i.e...

The survey of few main morphological soil aggregates (with intrinsic biological, chemical and physical contents) reveals the existence of different humus systems. Recognizable by naked eyes in the field, each humus system is confined in an ecological frame (climate, vegetation, substrate and soil) and results from a specific process of plants and s...

Sampling design for phytoliths in Site 1 and 2. Vertical dotted lines represent the trenches in which we took phytolith samples from profiles. (TIF)

Plant species encountered during the wet season in the point-intersect line transects in Sites 1, 2, 3 and 5, and their contribution to the percentage of cover abundance in surales mound and inter-mound habitats. (PDF)

Tree species encountered in Site 3 during the dry and the wet season. (DOCX)

Plant species encountered during the dry season in the point-intersect line transects in Sites 1, 2 and 3, and their contribution to the percentage of cover abundance in surales mound and inter-mound habitats. (DOCX)

Describing Earth materials with a shared terminology facilitates international collaboration because it reduces misunderstandings about the connections being made between observations and interpretations. The terms colluvium and alluvium are widely used, but their meanings vary almost as widely. Definitions for these terms can include connections t...

A double peak hydrograph features two peaks as a response to a unique rainfall pulse. The first peak occurs at the same time or shortly after the precipitation has started and it corresponds to a fast catchment response to precipitation. The delayed peak normally starts during the recession of the first peak, when the precipitation has already ceas...

The freeze-thaw cycles in periglacial areas during the Quaternary glacials increased frost weathering, leading to a disintegration of rock formations. Transported downslope, clasts allowed in some areas the formation of stratified slope deposits known as “grèzes litées”. This study reviews the existing theories and investigates the grèzes litées de...

A reliable understanding of catchment hydrology requires an accurate knowledge of the structure and composition of underlying soil and bedrock. Factors such as the depth and composition of the soil cover, and the weathering and features of the bedrock, all determine the pathways of infiltrating rainfall, the residence times of water in the subsurfa...

Diatoms are unicellular eukaryotic algae that are widely distributed in aquatic environments. In particular, their presence is abundant in stream flows, whereas the instance and transport of cells through subsurface flow is controversial. In this work, we study the transport of diatoms through soils by designing laboratory percolation experiments o...

Double peak hydrographs (also known as bimodal events) are a catchment's delayed response to precipitation. " Double peaks " have been reported in a dozen or so experimental catchments around the world, including the well-studied Slapton Wood catchment in UK and the Ina watersheds in Japan. Catchments showing double peak behaviour have varied in si...

Carbonate weathering mantles, like terra fusca, are common in Europe but their formation and evolution is still badly understood. We propose to combine geological, mineralogical and pedological knowledge with trace element and isotope data of a weathering mantle as a novel approach to understand the evolution of terra fuscas. Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes and...

The synthesis of experimental understanding of catchment behaviour and its translation into qualitative perceptual models is an important objective of hydrological sciences. We explore this challenge by examining the cumulative understanding of the hydrology of three experimental catchments and how it evolves through the application of different in...

The Weierbach catchment is characterized by a unique geological substratum of schist and phyllites. The winter streamflow response to a rainfall show two distinct peaks with markedly different time scales (Van den Bos et al., 2006b), whereas the summer response present only the first one. The hydrograph show that the first peak is near concomitant...

Ancestral moroccan subsurface irrigation channels called khettaras have played an important historical role in the development of the city of Marrakech. Actually, this hydrological heritage tends to be destroy under high urban development pressure. Nevertheless, part of this network is still existing under urban agglomerations. In the Haouz plain,...

Since soil surveys in the past were mainly conducted in support of agriculture, soil classification tended to focuson the solum representing mainly the upper part of the soil cover that is exploited by crops; the subsolum was largely neglected. When dealing with environmental issues - such as vegetation ecology, groundwater recharge,water quality o...

La morphologie des bassins versants et la typologie des formations superficielles sont d’une importance capitale pour comprendre les phénomènes morphosédimentaires qui ont œuvré à la structuration des paysages de la montagne marocaine. En effet, des crêtes aigués à versants raides jusqu’aux lits des oueds majeurs, diverses archives résultant de dyn...

The processes of deposition of debris flow trigerred by high intensity storm events are the main hydrogemorphologic processes wich build alluvial fans in the actual humid mountainous such as the Alps (Marchi et al., 2010) as well as the arid zone (Stanistreet and McCarthy, 1993). The development of alluvial fan involves too main sedimentary process...

In the present study, the flood risk of the Sure river at the village of Steinheim (Grand Duchy of Luxembourg) was assessed with discharge data from the periods 1870-1920 and 1966-2003. To assess this flood risk, a seven step approach was used, which contains the assessment of urban development (1770-2003); rainfall runoff modelling (HBV model); pe...

Changes in spatio-temporal rainfall patterns have an effect on the hydrological behavior of river basins, the magnitude of the effects depending among others on the physiographic basin characteristics. To assess climate and discharge fluctuations, a visualization tool was developed as a contribution to exploratory data analysis. The tool combined s...

The deployment of information systems that use and manage spatial data has become an essential application of eGovernmentconcepts. The importance of such systems results from the fact that many governmental decisions and provisions have traditionally related to the administration of land and real estate. Today, spatial data applications for environ...

Three different statistical models were used to regionalize the winter stormflow coefficient for mesoscale basins of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and the neighbouring Rhineland Palatinate (Germany). The methodology is derived from a previous study, in which winter stormflow coefficients were regionalized for the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg only. The...

In this study two approaches are used to predict winter storm flow coefficients in meso-scale basins (10 km² to 1000 km²) with a view to regionalization. The winter storm flow coefficient corresponds to the ratio between direct discharge and rainfall. It is basin specific and supposed to give an integrated response to rainfall. The two approaches,...

In this study two approaches are used to predict winter storm flow coefficients in meso-scale basins (10 km² to 1000 km²) with a view to regionalization. The winter storm flow coefficient corresponds to the ratio between rainfall and direct discharge caused by this rainfall. It is basin specific and supposed to give an integra...

Torrents are violent and rushing streams, typical for mountainous regions. A torrential regime is marked by high discharges with high velocities and occurring in a short time. They can cause considerable damage due to the unexpectedness of the event. In this study a combination of hydrological and physiographic basin characteristics were used to an...

The dominant processes concept was used to develop a regionally applicable rainfall—runoff model. The first-order runoff processes are identified through a combination of field investigations, physico-geographical analysis of the research area, the Alzette River basin in the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg, and discharge data series analysis. Lithology a...