Jérôme Azzola

• Dr.
• PostDoc Position at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

The power of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) lies in its ability to sample deformation signals along an optical fiber at hundreds of locations with only one interrogation unit (IU). Whereas the IU is calibrated to record “fiber strain,” the properties of the cable and its coupling to the rock control the “strain transfer rate” and hence how much...

Plain Language Summary Monitoring the fine evolution of the Earth's crust either prior to catastrophic events such as earthquakes or landslides, or georesource exploitation, is an important objective for risk management. Ambient noise interferometry is one of the emerging tools for assessing the minute evolution of seismic velocities in the subsurf...

The power of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) lies in its ability to sample deformation signals along an optical fiber at hundreds of locations with only one interrogation unit (IU). While the IU is calibrated to record 'fiber strain', the properties of the cable and its coupling to the rock control the 'strain transfer rate' and hence how much o...

Geothermal energy exploitation in urban areas necessitates robust real-time seismic monitoring for risk mitigation. While surface-based seismic networks are valuable, they are sensitive to anthropogenic noise. This study investigates the capabilities of borehole Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) for local seismic monitoring of a geothermal field l...

While there is a general consensus on the importance of the energy transition, geothermal energy projects have faced challenges in recent years linked to unfavorable societal perception. The concerns often center around the perceived environmental risks, specifically focusing on potential impacts on groundwater and the likelihood of induced seismic...

To accelerate the energy transition, the exploitation of deep geothermal reservoirs is becoming a priority to supply district heating networks in areas with high potential for geothermal applications. However, the sustainable development of the resource exploitation implies minimizing the associated risks, in particular related to induced seismicit...

Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) in geothermal wells is a particularly attractive technology to implement as part of routine seismic monitoring of geothermal plant operations. It brings a large network of sensors close to the monitoring target – the operated reservoir – increasing the sensitivity towards low magnitude events and allows the applic...

Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) is an emerging technology for acquiring seismic data on virtual sensors densely distributed along an optical fiber. The broadband response of the sensors, associated with the possibility of deploying fiber optic cables in harsh conditions and the relatively moderate cost of this sensing element gives clear perspec...

We present an original DAS measurement station, equipped with the Febus A1-R interrogator, which has been deployed at the Black Forest Observatory (Schiltach, Germany). The objective of this deployment is twofold. The first is to test the deployed fibre optic cables and to better characterise the recorded signals. The second is to define standards...

Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing (DFOS) is an innovative sensing technique, which has recently gained interest in various fields of geophysics, in particular for near-surface measurements. With the purpose of passive seismic monitoring (in the framework of the INSIDE project, supported by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy,...

Scientific research is carried out in the framework of the INSIDE project (supported by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy, BMWi) to better understand the processes involved during deep geothermal exploitation in the Munich area that could lead to induced seismicity and ground deformation of the subsurface. The research wor...

Scientific investigations for sustainable geothermal development in the Munich area (Germany, Molasse Basin) are carried out in the frame of the INSIDE project (supported by BMWi). Thermo-hydro-geomechanical characterization and seismological exploration are the two aspects chosen to assess the impact of the geothermal exploitation on induced seism...

In the frame of the INSIDE project (supported by BMWi), scientific investigations to assess the impact of the geothermal exploitation on induced seismicity are carried out. The Schäftlarnstraße geothermal field is one of the target site. To do so, deployment of networks to record seismic events is necessary. At Schäftlarnstraße, two fibre optic cab...

Une technique émergente pour une surveillance géophysique continue et peu coûteuse des structures géologiques telles que les EGS est la corrélation du bruit sismique ambiant. Ces méthodes permettent de surveiller d'infimes changements survenant dans le milieu en étudiant l'évolution de la partie tardive des enregistrements sismiques par interféromé...

Abstract: Ensuring the successful development and the durability of the operation of deep underground heat exchangers in Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS), necessitates the development of monitoring methods which could contribute to recognize unexpected reservoir dynamics. An emergent technique for a continuous and cost-effective geophysical monitor...

Coda Wave Interferometry (CWI) is a highly sensitive monitoring technique built on the sensitivity of elastic coda waves to small changes in a diffusive medium. However, a clear connection between the physical processes involved in the evolution of the medium and the time changes observed by CWI has not been clearly described yet. Here, we quantify...

A challenge in deep geothermal projects based on the Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) is to ensure their successful development and the durability of the operation of deep underground heat exchangers while controlling the risk of inducing potentially seismic events. The management of these risks calls for the development of monitoring methods which...

A challenge in deep geothermal projects based on the Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) is to ensure their successful development and the durability of the operation of deep underground heat exchangers while controlling the risk of inducing potentially seismic events. The management of these risks calls for the development of monitoring methods which...

In the Upper Rhine Graben, several innovative projects based on enhanced geothermal system (EGS) technology exploit local deep-fractured geothermal reservoirs. The principle underlying this technology consists of increasing the hydraulic performances of the natural fractures using different stimulation methods in order to circulate the natural brin...

The use of the ambient seismic noise as a versatile seismic source has led to the development of Ambient Noise Interferometry (ANI), a technique that opened new perspectives for monitoring the time evolution of geological structures using Coda Wave Interferometry (CWI). Among others, temporal variations of wave velocities have been measured in faul...

The use of the ambient seismic noise as a versatile seismic source has led to the development of Ambient Noise Interferometry (ANI), a technique that opened new perspectives for monitoring the time evolution of geological structures using Coda Wave Interferometry (CWI). Among others, temporal variations of wave velocities have been measured in faul...

In the Upper Rhine Graben, several innovative projects based on the Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) technology exploit local deep fractured geothermal reservoirs. The principle underlying this technology consists of increasing the hydraulic performances of the natural fractures using different stimulation methods in order to circulate the natural...

The sensitivity of coda waves to small changes in the propagation medium is the principle underlying Coda Waves Interferometry (CWI). These waves are intensively sampling the medium, making the technique much more sensitive than those relying on direct arrivals. For instance, application of CWI to ambient seismic noise has found a large range of ap...

Abstract Coda wave interferometry (CWI) is a high-resolution technique that aims at tracking small changes in a diffusive medium from the time correlation of seismic waveforms. CWI has been widely used in recent years to monitor the fine-scale evolution of fault zones and more recently of deep reservoirs. However, to provide a quantitative interpre...

Coda wave interferometry (CWI) is a high-resolution monitoring technique built on the sensitivity of the late parts of seismic waveforms (i.e., coda waves) to small changes in a diffusive medium. Benefiting from the development of seismic noise correlation methods and from the abundant record of ambient seismic noise, the technique was applied in v...

Coda Wave Interferometry (CWI), is a high-resolution technique that aims at tracking small changes in a diffusive propagation medium, from the comparison of waveforms. It has been conducted on Westerly Granite while heating and cooling cored samples to 450 °C in multiple cycles. Such an experiment aims at monitoring non-permanent and permanent effe...

The sensitivity of coda waves to small changes of the propagation medium is the principle underlying coda waves interferometry (CWI). These waves are intensively sampling the medium, making the technique much more sensitive than those relying on direct arrivals. Application of CWI to ambient seismic noise has found a large range of applications ove...

Coda waves interferometry (CWI) aims at tracking small changes in solid materials like rocks where elastic waves are diffusing and so intensively sampling the medium, making the technique more sensitive than those relying on direct wave arrivals. Its application to ambient seismic noise correlation, referred to as Ambient Noise Interferometry (ANI)...

Coda Wave Interferometry (CWI) aims at tracking small changes in solid materials like rocks where elastic waves are diffusing. They are intensively sampling the medium, making the technique much more sensitive than those relying on direct wave arrivals. Application of CWI to ambient seismic noise has found a large range of applications over the pas...

Several centimetres of uplift were observed extending over a square-kilometre area around the geothermal site of Landau, Germany. This observation is based on the interpretation of a geodetic survey using radar satellite images of the Upper Rhine Graben recorded between April 2012 and April 2014. Observations are based on two data processing method...