Jerald Hage

University of Maryland, College Park | UMD, UMCP, University of Maryland College Park · Department of Sociology

The key to high impact health services is institutionalizing and sustaining programme evaluation. Uganda represents a success story in the use of a specific programme evaluation method: Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS). Institutionalization is defined by two C's: competent programme evaluators and control mechanisms that effectively use evalua...

We explore the impact of organizational size in six federally funded research organizations on a range of organizational processes related to the pursuit of innovation. The data utilized consisted of 266 scientists drawn from 64 research projects across five programmatic research areas: alternative energies, biology, chemistry, geophysical sciences...

The advantages of large public research laboratories are self-evident: tackling difficult problems and having expensive one of a kind scientific equipment such as linear accelerators, the Z machine, and that National Synchrotron Light Source, etc. Some disadvantages, which are less evident, are revealed in a large study of 60 research projects acro...

Following recent work that has focused on distinctions between good and bad jobs in the labor force, this paper examines determinants of job satisfaction among STEM workers. We propose that STEM workers represent a previously unconsidered type of logic in employment, sharing some (e.g., relatively high pay and job security) but not all (e.g., high...

In this paper, we argue that a new policy model for science and technology is needed and must be evolutionary in nature. The paper proposes utilizing the idea innovation network theory as a framework for assessing sectoral innovation patterns and identifies six types, or “arenas,” of research that are linked to innovation within these networks. Fol...

Despite the increasing importance of the management of research for innovation, the range of differences among types of research, as well as projects and programs, is not adequately captured in current theories of either project or organizational innovation. This chapter offers preliminary discussions for a new perspective about alternative styles...

The use of project and project funding has become ubiquitous in science management and policy. Despite the success of some high-profile projects, we question the general movement to funding short-term projects. In this paper, we discuss the project form in publicly-funded science and draw on over a decade of field research in a number of publicly-f...

Despite the increasing importance of the management of research for innovation, the range of differences among types of research, as well as projects and programs, is not adequately captured in current theories of either project or organizational innovation. This chapter offers preliminary discussions for a new perspective about alternative styles...

We use a historical case study of the Institut Pasteur to articulate the concept of the transformational organization in science, an organization with the capacity to make a large number of scientific breakthroughs in a short period of time. In considering the potential characteristics that explain a burst of scientific innovations, we attempt to m...

We use a historical case study of the Institut Pasteur to articulate the concept of the transformational organization in science, an organization with the capacity to make a large number of scientific breakthroughs in a short period of time. In considering the potential characteristics that explain a burst of scientific innovations, we attempt to m...

We use a historical case study of the Institut Pasteur to articulate the concept of the transformational organization in science, an organization with the capacity to make a large number of scientific breakthroughs in a short period of time. In considering the potential characteristics that explain a burst of scientific innovations, we attempt to m...

The paper suggests the value in returning to the original idea in contingency theory—different structural contingencies produce different kinds of performance. A comprehensive multi‐industry data set was reanalyzed comparing structural and contextual main effects with context‐structure interactions for each of six performance variables. A number of...

This case study aims to highlight the strategic decisions and managerial practices in the formation and operation of a co-located research unit within a national laboratory. The empirical evidence is based on interviews with members of the research unit as well as responses from a research environment survey. The findings of the case study suggest...

Recently, several articles have argued for changes in the kinds of evaluation being conducted for research, technology, and development (RTD) programs. Among other suggestions, these are of special merit: (1) a more macro and systemic focus, (2) concentrating on the processes of generating innovation, (3) using theory to guide the RTD evaluation, a...

This article seeks to articulate the concept of the transformational organization, an organization with the capacity to transform its institutional environment with discontinuous changes in normative patterns or institutional rules. The possibility of an organization successfully departing from the contours of the institutional environment seems do...

This chapter deals with the intersection of philosophy and theory construction: the problem of the origin of elements in a theory. There are, at minimum, three connections between theory construction and philosophy that can be drawn. First, what does the philosophy of science have to say about the elements of theory that necessitate some thought? S...

This framework for multi-level evaluation of scientific research is a bridge between social science theory and the provision of effective feedbacks to governments so they can overcome systemic blockages to innovation and successful outcomes of research policy. Starting with the idea of innovation network theory and organizational theory involved in...

Stokes advocated the benefits of uniting basic and applied research as a way to facilitate research breakthroughs. Recently, the U.S. Department of Energy launched an initiative designed to foster better integration in research and technology development (R&D), such as the concurrent application of scientific and engineering knowledge. This paper s...

As Leifer et al. have argued, the management of radical innovation projects necessitates different strategies and practices, including different ways of measuring performance. This paper discusses our efforts to explore indicators of progress for radical innovation in basic and applied research and technology development at both the project and pro...

In recent years, the use of social network analysis (SNA) has received increased attention in R&D evaluation. While SNA provides insights into communication and knowledge flows, its efficacy in evaluation methodology remains unclear. As Rogers et al (2001) discuss, the applicability of SNA in the evaluation of R&D is marked by several shortcomings,...

Innovation is central to the dynamics and success of organizations and society in the modern world, the process famously referred to by Schumpeter as 'gales of creative destruction'. This ambitious and wide ranging book makes the case for a new approach to the study of innovation. It is the editors' conviction that this approach must accomplish sev...

Innovation is central to the dynamics and success of organizations and society in the modern world, the process famously referred to by Schumpeter as 'gales of creative destruction'. This ambitious and wide ranging book makes the case for a new approach to the study of innovation. It is the editors' conviction that this approach must accomplish sev...

Innovation is central to the dynamics and success of organizations and society in the modern world, the process famously referred to by Schumpeter as 'gales of creative destruction'. This ambitious and wide ranging book makes the case for a new approach to the study of innovation. It is the editors' conviction that this approach must accomplish sev...

Taking a few well-known facts about youth crime, the authors propose a more comprehensive theoretical framework, synthesizing other theories and attempting to describe the link between macro- and microdeviance analysis. Employing Durkheim's concepts of social integration, it is proposed that integration be viewed through patterns of role relationsh...

As research and innovation have become central to the economy, the challenge of managing these activities has taken on greater importance. Studies have focused on the impact of organizational variables on research activities, such as work environment, human resource factors, and managerial practices. But little attention has been paid to the effect...

Few studies of community interventions examine independent effects of investments in: (1) capital (i.e., physical, human and social capital), and (2) management systems (e.g., monitoring and evaluation systems (M&E)) on maternal and child health behavior change. This paper does this in the context of an inter-organizational network. In Nicaragua, i...

This paper pursues the development and empirical exploration of a theoretical framework that explains the probabilities of interactive learning of innovating firms and actors in the public knowledge infrastructure. Our research question reads as follows: To what extent does the strength of innovator firms' internal knowledge resources, the complexi...

The NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR), formerly ORA, Office of Research and Applications, consists of three research and applications divisions that encompass satellite meteorology, oceanography, climatology, and cooperative research with academic institutions. With such a wide background of talent, and a charter to devel...

This paper pursues the development of a theoretical framework that explains interactive learning between innovator firms and external actors in both the knowledge infrastructure and the production chain. The research question is: What kinds of factors explain the interactive learning of innovator firms with distinct external actors? Our theoretical...

The impact of knowledge has changed the fundamental rules of competition in advanced industrialized countries from an emphasis on productivity to one on speed in innovation. Furthermore, there are now a variety of ways in which firms can innovate as products have become more complex and are evaluated on multiple criteria. To innovate rapidly and ef...

Firms face a choice in the organization of production. By concentrating production at one site, they can enjoy economies of scale. Or, by dispersing production across multiple facilities, firms can benefit from product-specific efficiencies and enhanced organizational learning. When choosing to organize in multiple units, firms must also decide whe...

The perspective of this paper is that variation in commercially successful radical product/process innovations among science-based industrial sectors can be explored by focusing on idea innovation networks. Idea innovation networks have six arenas reflecting research basic research, applied research, product development research, production researc...

The widely discussed ‘globalization’ of economic activities has given rise to a renewed interest in the relations between such tendencies, the nature and demarcation of societies, and the nature and strategies of various actors and organizations within and cross-cutting societies. One approach to capture and express these themes has been Societal A...

This paper aims at developing a theoretical framework that explains levels of interactive learning. Interactive learning is defined as the exchange and sharing of knowledge resources conducive to innovation between an innovator firm, its suppliers, and/or its customers. Our research question is: Why do levels of interactive learning of innovator fi...

Three ideas—a complex division of labor, an organic structure, and a high-risk strategy—provoke consistent findings relative to organizational inno-vation. Of these three ideas, the complexity of the division of labor is most important because it taps the organizational learning, problem-solving, and creativity capacities of the organization. The i...

This book argues that there is no single best institutional arrangement for organizing modern societies. Therefore, the market should not be considered the ideal and universal arrangement for coordinating economic activity. Instead, the editors argue, the economic institutions of capitalism exhibit a large variety of objectives and tools that compl...

Using theoretical perspectives of several literatures (e.g., human capital investment, state theory, mortality, and professional dominance), this study explains variation in the performance of national medical systems. Using an unique data set, it assesses the consequences of human capital investments by analyzing the impact that investments in the...

Programmable automation (PA) helps firms compete in a marketplace that is increasingly requiring higher quality production and continual product redesign. Yet only a small percentage of firms actually use some form of this technology, and even they have not capitalized on its full technical potential. Why do some firms choose to adopt PA technologi...

Interorganizational Networks A New Institution A Typology of Cooperative Interorganizational Relationships and Networks What is Coordination? Environmental Determinants of Network Systems External Control and Technology Structural Properties Centrality, Size, Complexity, Differentiation, and Connectedness Conflict and Interorganizational Effectiven...

Recently, a new economic theory of growth (Romer 1986, 1990) that emphasizes the importance of knowledge has been proposed. We extend this argument to manufacturing plants by developing and testing a theory of how investments in knowledge, as expressed in human capital and production technology, affect plant survival. Based on an event-history anal...

How efficacious are central political actors in building local institutions that help to rationalize the nation-state? In an earlier article, we showed that policies emanating from the Parisian state fueled construction of French secondary schools, spurred local demand for education, and reinforced class distinctions following the Third Republic (1...

Most European educational systems have traditionally been segregated on class and gender lines. This article explores whether educational-expansion models that emphasize material incentives and institutionalized values (as sources of demand) had different effects on the expansion of four secondary school systems in France from 1881 to 1975. Class w...

Third World “development” often is characterized by rapid growth in trade and service jobs, not in manufacturing employment. Prior explanations emphasize materialist conceptions: a widening division of (white-collar) labor is required to match technological complexity. Or the central state pushes investment of capital-intensive industry, and result...

This paper correlates community service goals from 82 business firms with various organizational characteristics, including goals, niches, structure, context, and performance. The results demonstrate that community-service goals are positively correlated with prestige goals, assets goals, superior-design niche, net assets size, and performance on i...

The structural problem of wage or salary differentials as discussed in this article has been decomposed into four separate components: the differences in the mean wages/salaries between occupations; the differences in the standard deviations of wages/salaries between occupations; the mean wages/salaries within occupations across firms and industrie...

Current theories argue that school expansion reflects demands that stem from changes in the occupational structure, from a ideological commitment to building an integrated nation-state, or from the processes of modernization. However, these theories have not been tested relative to different social classes. Since most of the evidence has accumulate...

Human capital theory postulates that school expansion should foster economic growth, but credentialing theory questions such a relationship. We hypothesize that some conditions must obtain before educational expansion can have an affect on economic growth. First, the curriculum must be standardized and a large proportion of the age cohort beyond gr...

This paper adds to the current dialogue in our discipline regarding the challenge of expanding nonacademic employment opportunities for sociologists and training our students for such employment. The argument is made that this challenge should be seen as an opportunity for us to demonstrate the relevance of our knowledge and expertise to society an...

This paper outlines some differences between the American and Japanese approaches to R&D management and suggests future trends. Data from a comparative study of U.S. and Japanese factories is used to evaluate supposed differences. Japanese factories were found to invest comparatively more in employee training, include more group processes, such as...

The purpose of this paper is to describe the types of organizational settings in the West that have been especially conducive for innovation and productivity. Then the same predictive factors are tested for a sample of 44 Japanese factories in order to investigate the extent to which similar relationships are found in both nations.The results sugge...

This paper investigates the extent to which characteristics of the organic model of organization are correlated with innovation rates in a sample of 110 American factories. The more organic rather than mechanical the socio-technical structure of the organization, the higher the innovation rate. However, the organic design rules work best in a small...