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Introduction
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Publications
Publications (217)
Domesticated species are impacted in unintended ways during domestication and breeding. Changes in the nature and intensity of selection impart genetic drift, reduce diversity, and increase the frequency of deleterious alleles. Such outcomes constrain our ability to expand the cultivation of crops into environments that differ from those under whic...
Plant-parasitic nematodes feed and reproduce in chickpea roots. Root-lesion nematodes are one of the most important biotic factors to limit chickpea production in the world. The best strategy for management to control these nematodes is to use resistant chickpea cultivars. While wild annual Cicer species have previously been used to introgress resi...
Aluminum (Al) toxicity poses a significant challenge for the yield improvement of chickpea, which is an economically important legume crop with high nutritional value in human diets. The genetic basis of Al-tolerance in chickpea remains unclear. Here, we assessed the Al-tolerance of 8 wild Cicer and one cultivated chickpea (PBA Pistol) accessions b...
Ditylenchus dipsaci is a widely distributed, damaging plant-parasitic nematode that attacks most legume crops, especially chickpea. Controlling nematode numbers is important not only for the in-season crop but for the wider rotation as well. The study was set up in a range of Turkish chickpea environments to evaluate the population dynamics of the...
Alongside the use of fertilizer and chemical control of weeds, pests, and diseases modern breeding has been very successful in generating cultivars that have increased agricultural production several fold in favorable environments. These typically homogeneous cultivars (either homozygous inbreds or hybrids derived from inbred parents) are bred unde...
Context Germination and emergence are key to successful annual crop establishment. Emergence rate depends on germination rate, sowing depth, and rate of pre-emergent shoot elongation. The rate at which a shoot grows prior to emerging from the soil becomes significant when crops such as chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and lentil (Lens culinaris Medik....
One of the best methods for the control of bruchid (Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) is host plant resistance because of protecting human health by supplying foods without residues. Number of genotypes of Cicer echinospermum P.H. Davis, a wild and crossable with domesticated chickpea (C. arietinum L.), is known as limited number, but it has been recently...
The root lesion nematodes (RLN) Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus are significant pests that parasitize the roots of chickpea plants and cause direct damage and indirect damage causing yield reduction. They have been widely distributed and attack many crops, especially chickpea, causing significant damage in Turkey. Therefore controlling nemato...
We designed and validated a new multiplex PCR marker which discriminates between four insertion/deletion (INDEL) alleles in the 5' regulatory region of a major flowering time gene in Lupinus angustifolius, LanFTc1. The four INDEL alleles were the wild-type allele (ku) in variety Geebung (G), a 1208-bp deletion allele in accession P22660 (P), a 1423...
Key message
A plant-specificTrimethylguanosine Synthase1-likehomologue was identified as a candidate gene for theeflmutation in narrow-leafed lupin, which alters phenology by reducing vernalisation requirement.
Abstract
The vernalisation pathway is a key component of flowering time control in plants from temperate regions but is not well understoo...
Genetic resources of the genus Cicer L. are not only limited when compared to other important food legumes and major cereal crops but also, they include several endemic species with endangered status based on the criteria of the International Union for Conservation of Nature. The chief threats to endemic and endangered Cicer species are over-grazin...
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is an important fungal pathogen of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and it can cause yield losses up to 100%. The wild progenitors are much more diverse than domesticated chickpea and this study describes how this relates to S. sclerotiorum resistance. Initially, the pathogenicity of nine Australian S. sclerotiorum isolates wa...
There is growing interest in widening the genetic diversity of domestic crops using wild relatives to break linkage drag and/or introduce new adaptive traits, particularly in narrow crops such as chickpea. To this end, it is important to understand wild and domestic adaptive differences to develop greater insight into how wild traits can be exploit...
Understanding genotype and environment interaction (G × E) and the association between yield and phenological, architectural and physiological traits plays a crucial role in successful canola breeding and agronomic management. We investigated yield performance of 20 open-pollinated and hybrid canola across multiple environments over five years and...
The transformation of wild plants into domesticated crops usually modifies a common set of characters referred to as ‘domestication syndrome’ traits such as the loss of pod shattering/seed dehiscence, loss of seed dormancy, reduced anti-nutritional compounds and changes in growth habit, phenology, flower and seed colour. Understanding the genetic c...
Chickpea production is constrained worldwide by the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Ascochyta rabiei, the causal agent of ascochyta blight (AB). In order to reduce the impact of this disease, novel sources of resistance are required in chickpea cultivars. Here, we screened a new collection of wild Cicer accessions for AB resistance and identified acce...
Chickpea is an economically important legume crop with high nutritional value in human diets. Aluminium-toxicity poses a significant challenge for the yield improvement of this increasingly popular crop in acidic soils. The wild progenitors of chickpea may provide a more diverse gene pool for Al-tolerance in chickpea breeding. However, the genetic...
Legumes represent the second most important family of crop plants after grasses, accounting for approximately 27% of the world's crop production. Past domestication processes resulted in a high degree of relatedness between modern varieties of crops, leading to a narrower genetic base of cultivated germplasm prone to pests and diseases. Crop wild r...
Chickpea crops are often exposed to a combination of drought, heat and salinity stresses during the reproductive stage. Previous efforts have largely focused on these stresses in isolation, such that we do not understand whether genotypes tolerant to one stress can withstand other stresses. Around 22–44 chickpea genotypes contrasting for tolerance...
The narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) is endemic to coarse-textured neutral to acid sands across the Mediterranean basin, distributed over temperature and rainfall gradients leading to increasing N–S terminal drought. L. angustifolius has a conservative reproductive strategy compared to other Old World species, with relatively early ph...
Flowering time is a highly influential phenological trait for crop adaptation, and in the case of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.), has been one of the most economically significant traits for crop production in both Australia and Europe. Given the importance of this trait, understanding the genetic basis of flowering time has become...
Yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.) is a minor annual legume crop valued for its productivity in highly infertile, acidic soils and for its very high protein seeds. Yellow lupin belongs to the ‘Old World’ group of lupin species and is closely related to narrow-leafed lupin. Yellow lupin shares similar climatic adaptation to narrow-leafed lupin over wh...
Background:
Yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.) is a promising grain legume for productive and sustainable crop rotations. It has the advantages of high tolerance to soil acidity and excellent seed quality, but its current yield potential is poor, especially in low rainfall environments. Key adaptation traits such as phenology and enhanced stress tol...
• There is growing interest in harnessing the genetic and adaptive diversity of crop wild relatives to improve drought resilience of elite cultivars. Rainfall gradients exert strong selection pressure on both natural and agricultural ecosystems. Understanding plant responses to these facilitates crop improvement.
• Wild and domesticated narrow‐leaf...
Grain number (GN) is determined by spike growth rate (SGR), fruiting efficiency (FE) and the duration of spike growth period (Ds). However, these three traits are not independent of each other and therefore quantifying their relative contribution to GN is important for improving yield potential. This study aimed to model GN as a function of SGR, FE...
Long season, winter-type canola cultivars have the potential for significantly higher yields than short-season, spring-type canola, yet until recently, breeding of new canola cultivars in Australia has focussed on spring-type canola. This has been to accommodate the typically drier, warmer conditions across the Australian cropping belt where long-s...
Background
Accurate prediction of crop flowering time is required for reaching maximal farm efficiency. Several models developed to accomplish this goal are based on deep knowledge of plant phenology, requiring large investment for every individual crop or new variety. Mathematical modeling can be used to make better use of more shallow data and to...
Narrow‐leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) cultivation was transformed by 2 dominant vernalization‐insensitive, early flowering time loci known as Ku and Julius (Jul), which allowed expansion into shorter season environments. However, reliance on these loci has limited genetic and phenotypic diversity for environmental adaptation in cultivated...
Humans have domesticated hundreds of plant and animal species as sources of food, fiber, forage, and tools over the past 12,000 years, with manifold effects on both human society and the genetic structure of the domesticated species. The outcomes of crop domestication were shaped by selection driven by human preferences, cultivation practices, and...
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194056.].
Key message:
This first pan-Mediterranean analysis of genetic diversity in wild narrow-leafed lupin revealed strong East-West genetic differentiation of populations, an historic eastward migration, and signatures of genetic adaptation to climatic variables. Most grain crops suffer from a narrow genetic base, which limits their potential for adapti...
Knowledge of current genetic diversity and mating systems of crop wild relatives (CWR) in the Fertile Crescent is important in crop genetic improvement, because western agriculture began in the area after the cold-dry period known as Younger Dryas about 12,000 years ago and these species are also wild genepools of the world’s most important food cr...
Mantel correlograms (Legendre & Legendre 2012) showing the scale of variation in the correlation of either environment with geography (a) and Fst with geography (b) and environment (c) using eight geographic distance classes of equal width (50 km) and seven environmental distance classes of unequal width to overcome the problem of the low number of...
Selfing rates of the studied populations in relation to the probability of occurrence in the current and future (CCSM4 rcp6.0) projected climatic niche.
(DOCX)
GPS data for 59 wild pea populations.
(PDF)
Principal component analysis (PCA) of molecular data.
(DOCX)
Results of spatial autocorrelation analysis showing mean kinship coefficient (Ritland 1996) between samples, that are divided into 20 distance groups according to pairwise geographical distance.
Black points show mean distance of the distance groups.
(DOCX)
WorldClim extracted bioclimatic variables and geographical distances of studied 14 populations.
(PDF)
Summary of DARTseq analysis.
Percentage of observed (Hobs), expected (Hexp) and missing datapoints derived from all and polymorphic DARTseq loci per 14 studied populations are shown.
(PDF)
Inter-population pairwise Fst (above diagonal, ANOVA approach) and geographical distances (bellow diagonal, km).
(PDF)
The domestication of one species by another has occurred several times in evolutionary history, such as the cultivation of fungal species by attine ants, ambrosia beetles and termites. However, the most prolific domesticators are humans, who have tamed hundreds of plant and animal species as sources of food, fibres, forages, and tools over the past...
Germplasm collections of C. reticulatum and C. echinospermum are limited, while both species face threats from over-grazing and habitat change in their natural environments. Recently many new accessions of C. reticulatum and C. echinospermum were collected in east and south-east Anatolia (Turkey) but they have not yet been evaluated for agro-morpho...
Domesticated species are impacted in unintended ways during domestication and breeding. Changes in the nature and intensity of selection impart genetic drift, reduce diversity and increase the frequency of deleterious alleles. Such outcomes constrain our ability to expand the cultivation of crops into environments that differ from those under which...
Selecting high yielding genotypes with stable performance is the breeders’ priority but is constrained by genotype × environment (G×E) interaction. We investigated canola yield of 35 genotypes and its stability in multiple environment trials (MET) in south-western Australia and the possibility to breed broadly-adapted high yielding genotypes. The F...
Australian modern narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) cultivars tend to flower early and are vernalisation-unresponsive (VU). Cultivars have generally been selected for the warmer climates zones and sandy soils of the northern grain belt of Western Australia (NWA), where lupins are predominantly grown. In areas where climates are cooler...
To investigate wild and domesticated Mediterranean annual reproductive strategies, common garden comparisons of Old World lupins collected along aridity gradients were initiated. These are excellent candidates for ecophysiology, being widely distributed across contrasting environments, having distinct domestication histories, from ancient Lupinus a...
Adaptation of Lupinus angustifolius (narrow-leafed lupin) to cropping in southern Australian and northern Europe was transformed by a dominant mutation (Ku) that removed vernalization requirement for flowering. The Ku mutation is now widely used in lupin breeding to confer early flowering and maturity. We report here the identity of the Ku mutation...
As the incidence of water deficit and heat stress increases in many production regions there is an increasing requirement for crops adapted to these stresses. Thus it is essential to match water supply and demand, particularly during grain-filling. Here we integrate Grime?s ecological strategies approach with traditional drought resistance/yield co...
An understanding of genotype × environment (G × E) interactions for phenological adaptation in crops can help identify traits that facilitate genetic improvement and cultivar selection. Such understanding is also necessary to identify environments that facilitate identification of cultivars with better environmental adaptation. Process-based crop s...
Australian canola growers have new technology options including hybrid and herbicide technologies, which have offered yield and profitability advantages in other canola-growing regions of the world. This study compared the yield and gross margins of hybrid and open-pollinated (OP) canola from different herbicide tolerance groups: triazine-tolerant,...
It is proposed that increasing the duration of the spike construction phase (CPD, i.e. beginning of stem elongation to flowering) of wheat to increase the number and size of grains per m 2 will significantly increase grain yield in the High Rainfall Zones (HRZ). Field experiments undertaken in Canberra, Hamilton and Hobart in 2012, demonstrated gen...
Although yield and total biomass produced by annual legumes remain major objectives for breeders, other issues such as environment-friendly, resource use efficiency including symbiotic performance, resilient production in the context of climate change, adaptation to sustainable cropping systems (reducing leaching, greenhouse gas emissions and pesti...
