Jennifer Chadwick

• University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198390.].

Objective: In TODAY, 4.5% of obese youth clinically diagnosed with T2D had genetic variants consistent with MODY diagnosis. The course of IS and β-cell function in obese youth with MODY remains unknown. In this secondary analysis we examined IS and β-cell function in MODY vs. non-MODY obese youth at randomization and over time. Methods: Genetic...

Objective: To understand the factors associated with glycemic control after starting insulin in youth with type 2 diabetes following glycemic failure (persistent HbA1c ≥8%) with metformin alone, metformin+rosiglitazone or metformin+lifestyle in the TODAY study. Methods: Change in HbA1c after add-on insulin therapy and the factors predictive of g...

Research misconduct and consequential harms have been inflicted upon American Indian/Alaska Native communities for decades. To protect their people and culture and to retain oversight over research, many Native communities have established tribal health research and institutional review boards. The Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescen...

Context Amino acids and their metabolites (AA) altered with obesity and may be predictive of future diabetes in adults, but there are fewer studies on AA, and conflicting findings how they vary with obesity, in adolescents. Objective To determine if plasma AA vary with body composition and insulin sensitivity, and are altered in response to exerci...

Background: The prevalence and socioeconomic burden of childhood obesity and diabetes has increased rapidly in the United States in the last 30 years. American Indians have the highest prevalence of type 2 diabetes among newly diagnosed youth in the country. Contributing factors include environmental, behavioral, and genetic components. Some Ameri...

American Indians (AI) have high prevalence of diabetes in youth and may benefit from increasing physical activity as a strategy to improve metabolic health. We tested whether financial incentives would elicit greater frequency and/or duration of exercise in AI youth at high risk for developing diabetes. Overweight/obese AI boys and girls, 11–20 yea...

CONSORT 2010 checklist of information to include when reporting a randomized trial. (PDF)

Flow chart showing the number of participants in Phase 3. The Ramp-down group received diminishing payments while the Raffle group received discontinuous payments, as described in the text. (PDF)

Incentivizing behavior: Promoting more physical activity in American Indian youth. Research protocol for the study. (PDF)

Payments for Phase 3. Participants in Phase 3 (Weeks 33–48) were randomly assigned to either the Ramp-down or Raffle group. The Ramp-down group earned progressively less money each week. The bonus was provided to participants who completed three sessions in the corresponding week. For the Raffle group, the number of chances increased with both freq...

Circulating amino acids (AA) and their metabolites are biomarkers for insulin resistance and future diabetes in adults, but there are few, and conflicting findings in studies of adolescents. We performed amino acid metabolomic profiling in American Indian adolescents to determine whether specific analytes would vary with body composition and insuli...

American Indians (AI) have high prevalence of diabetes, which might be reduced through targeted lifestyle changes. We conducted an exercise program for AI adolescents at risk for diabetes. We tested whether the participants’ perceptions of physical activity were related to their physical characteristics or exercise participation. Overweight (OW) AI...

Objectives: Data regarding atherogenic dyslipidemia and the inflammation profile in youth with type 2 diabetes is limited and the effect of insulin therapy on these variables has not previously been studied in youth. We determined the impact of insulin therapy on lipid and inflammatory markers in youth with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. Stud...

Background For a 2- to 6-year period, interventionists for the TODAY (Treatment Options for type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth) randomized clinical trial delivered a family-based, behavioral weight-loss program (the TODAY Lifestyle Program) to 234 youth with type 2 diabetes. Interventionists held at least a bachelor’s degree in psychology, so...

Despite the fact that numerous major public health problems have plagued American Indian communities for generations, American Indian participation in health research traditionally has been sporadic in many parts of the United States. In 2002, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (Oklahoma City, Oklahoma) and 5 Oklahoma American Indian...

With the rise of type 2 diabetes in youth, it is critical to investigate factors such as physical activity (PA) and time spent sedentary that may be contributing to this public health problem. This article describes PA and sedentary time in a large cohort of youth with type 2 diabetes and compares these levels with other large-scale investigations....

Despite the widely recognized importance of diet in managing diabetes, few studies have documented usual dietary intake in young people with type 2 diabetes. The objectives of our study were to assess dietary intake among a large, ethnically diverse cohort of young people with type 2 diabetes and compare intake to current recommendations. The Treat...