
Jeanne DekerleUniversity of Brighton · School of Sport and Health Sciences
Jeanne Dekerle
PhD Exercise Physiology
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97
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Introduction
Publications
Publications (97)
This study aimed to assess the reliability of a two-distance critical speed protocol in the specialist strokes of national-level swimmers and understand the practical feasibility of extending the protocol to increase its validity. Thirty-two national-level swimmers (butterfly n = 7; backstroke n = 8; breaststroke n = 7; front crawl n = 10) swum thr...
In healthy subjects, at low minute ventilation (V̇ E ) during physical exercise, the water content and the temperature of the airways are well regulated. However, with the increase in V̇ E , the bronchial mucosa becomes dehydrated and epithelial damage occurs. Our goal was to demonstrate the correspondence between the ventilatory threshold inducing...
Background
The subjective experience of fatigue impairs an individual’s ability to sustain physical endurance performance. However, precise understanding of the specific role perceived fatigue plays in the central regulation of performance remains unclear. Here, we examined whether the subjective intensity of a perceived state of fatigue, pre-induc...
Fatigue is a common experience in both health and disease. Yet, pathological (i.e., prolonged or chronic) and transient (i.e., exertional) fatigue symptoms are traditionally considered distinct, compounding a separation between interested research fields within the study of fatigue. Within the clinical neurosciences, nascent frameworks position pat...
Performance of a cognitively demanding task has previously been reported to impair subsequent physical endurance performance, an effect attributed to sensory processes influencing the perceived effort required to maintain performance. However, there is uncertainty regarding the robustness of these performance effects and their putative mechanisms....
Background: The subjective experience of fatigue impairs an individual’s ability to sustain physical endurance performance. However, precise understanding of the specific role perceived fatigue plays in the central regulation of performance remains unclear. Here, we examined whether the subjective intensity of a perceived state of fatigue, pre-indu...
Purpose: The validity of the critical speed (CS) concept has been investigated in front crawl swimmers using protocols involving multiple performance trials. The reliability and practical feasibility of CS protocols with strong face validity remain unknown in all four swimming strokes. This study aimed to assess reliability and practical feasibilit...
Performance of a cognitively demanding task has previously been reported to impair subsequent physical endurance performance, an effect attributed to sensory processes influencing the perceived effort required to maintain performance. However, there is uncertainty regarding the robustness of these performance effects and their putative mechanisms....
Fatigue is a common experience in both health and disease. Pathological (i.e. prolonged or chronic) and transient (i.e. exertional) fatigue symptoms are traditionally considered distinct, compounding a separation in research fields interested in the study of fatigue. Within the clinical neurosciences, nascent frameworks position pathological fatigu...
Prior exercise has previously been shown to impair subsequent endurance performance in non-activated muscles. Declines in the neuromuscular function and altered perceptual/affective responses offer possible mechanisms through which endurance performance may be limited in these remote muscle groups. We thus conducted two experiments to better unders...
New findings:
What is the central question of this study? Does the magnitude of neuromuscular fatigue depend on the amount of work done (W') at task failure when cycling above critical power (CP)? What is the main finding and its importance? Creatine supplementation increases W' and enhances supra-CP performance, but induces similar magnitudes of...
Prior exercise has previously been shown to impair subsequent endurance performance in non-activated muscles. Declines in neuromuscular function and altered perceptual/affective responses offer possible mechanisms through which endurance performance may be limited in these remote muscle groups. We thus conducted two experiments to better understand...
Purpose
To test the accuracy, validity, reliability and sensitivity of an alternative method for the measure of TMS-assessed voluntary activation (VATMS) in the knee extensors.
Methods
Ten healthy males (24 ± 5 years) completed a neuromuscular assessment protocol before and after a fatiguing isometric exercise: two sets of five contractions (50%,...
Purpose
The assessment of voluntary activation of the knee extensors using transcranial magnetic stimulation (VATMS) is routinely performed to assess the supraspinal function. Yet methodological scrutiny of the technique is scarce. The aim of the present study was to examine face validity and reliability of VATMS and its two main determinants (supe...
Abstract Background While continuous exercise (CE) induces greater ventilation ( V̇ $$ \dot{V} $$ E) when compared to intermittent exercise (IE), little is known of the consequences on airway damage. Our aim was to investigate markers of epithelial cell damage – i.e. serum levels of CC16 and of the CC16/SP-D ratio - during and following a bout of C...
This experiment aimed to investigate the efficacy of twice‐daily, nonconsecutive heat acclimation (TDHA) in comparison to once‐daily heat acclimation (ODHA) and work matched once‐ or twice‐daily temperate exercise (ODTEMP, TDTEMP) for inducing heat adaptations, improved exercise tolerance, and cytokine (immune) responses. Forty males, matched bioph...
Knee flexor and extensor muscular assessment via isokinetic dynamometry is common practice and established in the research literature. However, reporting assessment methodology regarding reciprocal and nonreciprocal movements is often vague or absent. Such methodological issues are crucial for accurate assessments. Therefore, knee extensor and flex...
New findings:
What is the central question of this study? Is the magnitude of neuromuscular fatigue dependent upon exercise intensity above critical power (CP) when W' (the curvature constant of the power-duration relationship) is depleted? What is the main finding and its importance? The magnitude of neuromuscular fatigue is the same following tw...
The present study was designed to test the accuracy, validity, reliability and sensitivity of the main outcomes of alternative methods for the measure of TMS-assessed voluntary activation (VATMS) in the knee extensors. Ten healthy recreationally active males (24 ± 5 years) completed a neuromuscular assessment protocol (NMA) before and immediately a...
VO2 fluctuations are argued to be an important mechanism underpinning chronic adaptations following interval training. We compared the effect of exercise modality, continuous vs. intermittent realized at a same intensity, on electrical muscular activity, muscular oxygenation and on whole body oxygen uptake. Twelve participants (24 ± 5 years; VO2pea...
The assessment of voluntary activation of the knee extensors using transcranial magnetic stimulation (VATMS) is routinely performed to assess the supraspinal function. Yet methodological scrutiny of the technique, whether used at rest or more crucially following exercise, is scarce. The aim of the present study was to examine face validity and reli...
Purpose:
To investigate the development of neuromuscular fatigue during a basketball game simulation and ascertain whether sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) supplementation attenuates any neuromuscular fatigue that persists.
Methods:
Ten participants ingested 0.2 g.kg of NaHCO3 (or an equimolar placebo dosage of sodium chloride [NaCl]) 90 and 60 minut...
Purpose:
Exercise-induced central fatigue is alleviated following acclimatisation to high altitude. The adaptations underpinning this effect may also be induced with brief, repeated exposures to severe hypoxia. The purpose of this study was to determine whether (i) exercise tolerance in severe hypoxia would be improved following an intermittent hy...
The aim of this study was to ascertain whether performance in a series of water safety tests, in clothed and swimsuit conditions, were dependent on the swim stroke that beginners selected for traversing maximal distance. A total of 45 children (9.6 ± 1.6 years) involved in a learning programme were asked to complete six tests to: travel their maxim...
Long-term heat acclimation improves heart rate recovery when completed once, but not twice daily
The physiological and perceptual responses of restrictive heat loss attire in hot and temperate conditions.
The succession of on-transient phases that induce a repetition of metabolic changes is a possible mechanism responsible for the greater response to intermittent training (IT). The objective of this study was to quantify [Formula: see text] fluctuations during intermittent exercise characterised by the same work:rest ratio, but different durations a...
New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
Does the rate of utilization of W ′ (the curvature constant of the power–duration relationship) affect fatigue during severe‐intensity exercise?
What is the main finding and its importance?
The magnitude of fatigue after two severe‐intensity exercises designed to deplete the same fraction of...
Purpose:
To examine muscular fatigue of the shoulder's internal rotators alongside swimming biomechanics during long-duration sub-maximal swimming sets performed within two different speed domains.
Methods:
Eight trained swimmers (mean ± SD 20.5 ± 0.9 years, 173 ± 10 cm, 71.3 ± 10.0 kg) raced over three distances (200, 400, 800-m races) for dete...
Introduction
The characterization of the hyperbolic power-time (P-tlim) relationship using a two-parameter model implies that exercise tolerance above the asymptote (Critical Power; CP), i.e. within the severe intensity domain, is determined by the curvature (W’) of the relationship.
Purposes
The purposes of this study were (1) to test whether the...
During transition from rest to exercise, metabolic reaction rates increase substantially to sustain intracellular ATP use. These metabolic demands activate several kinases that initiate signal transduction pathways which modulate transcriptional regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. The purpose of this study was to determine whether metabolic flu...
Introduction
Cette étude a pour objectif d’étudier l’effet d’un changement du mode de contraction musculaire par une manipulation de l’inclinaison d’un tapis roulant sur la vitesse critique en course à pieds.
Synthèse des faits
Dix participants ont realisé une série de temps limites permettant la modélisation de la relation vitesse–temps−1 (équati...
Book
To investigate the test-retest reliability of mechanical parameters derived from a 3-min isokinetic all-out test, performed at 60 and 100rpm. Reliability and validity of the peak oxygen uptake derived from 3-min isokinetic all-out test were also tested.
14 healthy male subjects completed an incremental ramp testing and four randomized 3-min isokine...
The critical power concept has been applied to constant-load exhaustive exercise and recently validated for 3-min all-out exercise.
The present study tests the application of critical power to 3-min all-out isokinetic cycling exercise. Two pedalling frequencies were tested.
Nine participants performed a 3-min all-out isokinetic test and 4-5 constan...
Introduction
Cette étude a pour objectif de comparer les réponses physiologiques lors d’un test réalisé en course à pieds à vitesse critique et un test réalisé sur ergocycle à puissance critique.
Synthèse des faits
Huit participants (33,6 ± 12,1 ans) ont réalisé une série de tests exhaustifs à intensité constante pour modéliser la relation vitesse...
The purpose of this study was to identify the boundary of submaximal-speed zones (i.e., exercise intensity domains) between maximal aerobic speed (S-400) and lactate threshold (LT) in swimming. A 400-m all-out test, a 7 x 200-m incremental step test and two to four 30-min sub-maximal tests were performed by twelve male endurance swimmers (Age = 24....
This study aimed to determine whether maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) represents a boundary above which not only physiological but also technical changes occur. On different days, 13 male swimmers (23 ± 9 years) performed the following tests: 1) a 400-m all-out swim, to determine maximal aerobic speed (S-400); 2) a series of 30-min sub-maximal...
The Wingate cycle test (WAnT) is a 30-s test commonly used to estimate anaerobic work capacity (AWC). However, the test may be too short to fully deplete anaerobic energy reserves. We hypothesized that a 90-s all-out isokinetic test (ISO_90) would be valid to assess both aerobic and anaerobic capacities in young females. Eight girls (11.9 ± 0.5 y)...
This study aimed at assessing the sensitivity of both maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) and critical power (CP) in populations of different aerobic training status to ascertain whether CP is as sensitive as MLSS to a change in aerobic fitness. Seven untrained subjects (UT) (maximal oxygen uptake = 37.4 ± 6.5 mL·kg–1·min–1) and 7 endurance cyclist...
It remains uncertain as how the reduction in systemic oxygen transport limits high-intensity exercise tolerance. 11 participants (5 males; age 35 ± 10 years; peak \( {\dot{V}\text{O}}_{2} \max \) 3.5 ± 0.4 L min−1) performed cycle ergometry to the limit of tolerance: (1) a ramp test to determine ventilatory threshold (VT) and peak \( {\dot{V}\text{...
Lactate threshold, Maximal Lactate Steady State (MLSS), and Critical Swimming Speed (CSS) represent distinct measures of endurance fitness. Each parameter can be used to assess a discrete aspect of swimming endurance. The lactate threshold can be identified from changes in the capillary blood lactate concentrations during an incremental step test....
The purpose of this study is to analyze the acute adaptations of motor organization subsequent to a reduction in spontaneous stroke rate (SR) at different swimming speeds, a task constraint that is currently used by trainers to improve stroke technique. Ten well-trained swimmers (8 males and 2 females, whose mean swimming speed on a 400-m front cra...
The aim of the present study was to assess whether the critical speed calculated by the slope of the distance-time relationship (S(d-t)) represents the boundary between the heavy and severe intensity domains in swimming and would be sustainable during intermittent exercise. Nine competitive male swimmers (mean+/-SD: aged 21.2+/-2.6 yrs; peak (.)VO2...
The purpose of this study was to establish whether critical power, as traditionally determined from the performance of three constant-load tests to exhaustion, is attained at the end of a 90-s all-out test in children. Sixteen healthy children (eight males and eight females; mean age 12.3 years, s(x) = 0.1; body mass 39.6 kg, s(x) = 1.8; peak VO(2)...
The purpose of the study was to identify critical power (CP) in boys and girls and to examine the physiological responses to exercise at and 10% above CP (CP+10%) in a sub-group of boys. Nine boys and 9 girls (mean age 12.3 (0.5)y performed 3 constant-load tests to derive CP. Eight of the boys then exercised, in random order, at CP and CP+10% until...
Aims. – Determination of critical power (CP) from a single test. Current knowledge. – Recent research has been conducted on the utility of all-out exercise to identify parameters of physiological function. This has led to the development of a protocol that would provide a means of measuring CP, that is, the lower boundary for severe exercise, in a...
The purpose of this study was to measure physiological responses during exercise performed until exhaustion at the exercise intensity corresponding to the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) in order to determine why subjects stopped.
Eleven male trained subjects performed a test at MLSS on a cycle ergometer until exhaustion.
Time to exhaustion was...
The aim of this study was to assess technical changes during constrained swimming in time-to-exhaustion tests. Ten swimmers of national standard performed a maximal 400-m front crawl and two sets of exhaustion tests at 95%, 100%, and 110% of mean 400-m speed. In the first set (free), swimmers had to maintain their speeds until exhaustion and mean s...
In supra-maximal exercise to exhaustion, the critical velocity (cv) is conventionally calculated from the slope of the distance (d) versus time (t) relationship: d = I + St. I is assumed to be the distance covered at the expense of the anaerobic capacity, S the speed maintained on the basis of the subject’s maximal O2 uptake \((\dot{V}\hbox{O}_{\rm...
The purposes of this review were (1) to review the recent studies conducted in swimming on the assessment of aerobic potential and establishment of exercise-intensity domains (it is important that exercise-intensity domains be accurately defined and their physiological underpinnings well understood to optimize and evaluate training programs); (2) t...
The aim of this study was to assess stroke rate variability in elite female swimmers (200-m events, all four techniques) by comparing the semi-finalists at the Athens 2004 Olympic Games (n = 64) and semi-finalists at the French National 2004 Championship (n = 64). Since swimming speed (V) is the product of stroke rate (SR) and stroke length (SL), t...
The purpose of this study was to establish the validity of a 90-s all-out test for the estimation of maximal oxygen uptake (V.O (2max)) and submaximal aerobic ability as represented by critical power. We hypothesized that the fall in power output by the end of the 90-s all-out test (end power) would represent the exhaustion of anaerobic work capabi...
We analyse the evolution of the slope (critical speed) and the y-intercept (anaerobic distance capacity) of the linear distance–time relationship over a century of Olympic running performances. The distance–time relationship of each Olympic Games (1920–2004) was plotted using the performances in the 800-, 1500- and 5000-m track events. Values for c...
The aim of this study was to examine the reliability of the power output profile obtained from a 90 s all-out isokinetic cycling test.
Within a 10 day period, 16 participants (-x+/-s: age 30.1+/-6.4 years; body mass 69.2+/-10.6 kg) performed an incremental VO2 max ramp test and two 90 s all-out efforts on an isokinetic cycle ergometer. Peak power (...
A variety of testing procedures are used to assess the effects of particular treatments on the training status of athletes. The present study aims to investigate the reproducibility of selected tests in swimming. Sixteen trained swimmers performed three kinds of test: 1) Constant Distance Test (CDT), 2) Constant Time Test (CTT), and 3) Constant Vel...
The curvature of the power–time (P–t) relationship (W′) has been suggested to be constant when exercising above critical power (CP) and to represent the anaerobic work capacity (AWC). The aim of this study was to compare W′ to (1) the total amount of work performed above CP (W
90s′) and (2) the AWC, both determined from a 90s all-out fixed cadence...
For any swimmer, a hyperbolic relationship links velocity (v) and stroke rate (SR) to time to exhaustion (t). The asymptotes of these relationships are called Critical Velocity (CV) and Critical Stroke Rate (CSR). Both could be maintained, at least in theory, indefinitely. This review presents the origins of these two concepts, their physiological...
The purpose of the present study was to test the validity of average power output measurement by a new stationary ergometer, the Elite Axiom, against the SRM Powermeter. An experienced cyclist completed, firstly, a series of 3min square wave exercises at different powers output at 90rpm, and secondly, a series of 3min square wave exercises at an id...
The purpose of this study was to compare the VO 2 kinetic and mechanical power responses of boys and men to all out 90 s sprint cycle exercise. Eight boys (14.6 ± 0.3 y) and eight men (33.8 ± 6.5 y) volunteered to participate and completed a ramp test (to determine VO 2peak and ventilatory threshold, VT) and then on subsequent days, two 90 s all ou...