Jean-Pierre GuayUniversité de Montréal | UdeM · School of Criminology
Jean-Pierre Guay
Ph.D.
About
115
Publications
55,774
Reads
How we measure 'reads'
A 'read' is counted each time someone views a publication summary (such as the title, abstract, and list of authors), clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the full-text. Learn more
1,401
Citations
Citations since 2016
Introduction
Additional affiliations
January 2007 - present
January 2004 - present
January 2001 - present
Centre international de criminologie comparée (CICC)
Publications
Publications (115)
The victim-choice polymorphia of 178 sexual aggressors divided into six subtypes, incest offenders, pseudoincest offenders, sexual aggressors of familiar children, sexual aggressors of unfamiliar children, sexual aggressors of familiar women, and sexual aggressors of unfamiliar women, was compared. Results showed that sex offenders remained stable...
The taxonomic status of psychopathy is controversial. Whereas some studies have found evidence that psychopathy, at least its antisocial component, is distributed as a taxon, others have found that both major components of psychopathy-callousness/unemotionality and impulsivity/antisocial behavior-appear to distribute as dimensions and show little e...
BRACELETS ANTI-RAPPROCHEMENT Entre prédiction et décision : une approche basée sur les données probantes au sujet de l'application du bracelet anti-rapprochement en matière de violence conjugale en contexte québécois
La question de la violence conjugale est très préoccupante. Récemment, le Québec a été frappé par une vague de cas de violence conjugale grave menant à des féminicides. Dans les dernières années, certains pays ont adopté des systèmes de bracelets anti-rapprochements (BAR) comme moyen de prévention de violence conjugale incluant les homicides conjug...
This study explores the use of clinical override with the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI), including implications for predictive validity as well as the factors associated with this practice. The sample included 597 justice-involved youth from a metropolitan region in Québec, Canada. The clinical override was used in 32.5...
Purpose: Paraphilia can be defined as a condition in which the sexual excitement rely on fantasizing and/or participating in unusual sexual behaviour. The last decades have been rich with new studies investigating the prevalence of paraphilic desires and behaviours among the general population as well as clarifying the boundary between paraphilic a...
L’administration pénitentiaire n’a pas pour unique mission la garde des personnes détenues. Elle doit aussi prévenir la récidive et contribuer à la réinsertion des personnes qui lui sont confiées par l’autorité judiciaire. En France, l’univers carcéral a été marqué par de profonds changements au cours des dernières décennies, notamment dans sa rela...
Introduction
The Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (LS/CMI) is one of the best-known recidivism risk instruments. In France, this scale is rarely used because no study had yet been carried out to confirm its psychometric properties on samples of French offenders. The aim of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the LS/CMI o...
Abstract
Paraphilia is defined as a condition in which the sexual excitement rely on fantasizing and/or participating in unusual sexual behaviour. There are several problems with the paraphilic categories as defined by the DSM, ranging from a poor reliability and validity, to the use of arbitrary cut-offs between what constitutes normophilic and a...
Introduction
The Dual control model proposes that both excitatory and inhibitory processes are responsible for the human sexual response.
Aim
To validate the French-Canadian translation of the Sexual Inhibition and Excitation Scales-Short Form (SIS/SES-SF) by exploring its factor structure and by investigating its capacity to retrospectively predi...
Purpose: It has been hypothesized that paraphilic coercive disorder (PCD) constitutes a distinct preference for coercion that can be discriminated from a preference for sadism. Despite the repeated rejections of PCD as an acceptable diagnosis, it continues to be used. In 2013 Knight and colleagues reviewed the evidence that had been proffered to su...
The quality of risk assessment instruments has improved greatly during the last 40 years. While assessing protective factors has become common practice, with some instruments now devoted entirely to such assessments, little is known about the effect of risk and protective factors on recidivism. The present study investigates the effects (promotive...
Sexual sadism has been included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) since the mid‐20th century. The DSM‐5 committee distinguished between sadistic behaviors on consenting partners and nonconsenting persons. The lack of consensus on the diagnostic criteria for sexual sadism is in part responsible for the poor inter‐rat...
Denault, V., Plusquellec, P., Jupe, L. M., St-Yves, M., Dunbar, N. E., Hartwig, M., … van Koppen, P. J. (2020). L’analyse de la communication non verbale: Les dangers de la pseudoscience en contextes de sécurité et de justice [The analysis of nonverbal communication: The dangers of pseudoscience in security and justice contexts]. Revue internationa...
Denault, V., Plusquellec, P., Jupe, L. M., St-Yves, M., Dunbar, N. E., Hartwig, M., … van Koppen, P. J. (2020). The analysis of nonverbal communication: The dangers of pseudoscience in security and justice contexts. Anuario de Psicología Jurídica, 30, 1-12. doi: 10.5093/apj2019a9
Para los profesionales de la seguridad y la justicia (policías, abogados, jueces), los miles de artículos revisados por pares sobre comunicación no verbal representan fuentes importantes de conocimiento. Sin embargo, a pesar del alcance del trabajo científico realizado sobre este tema, los profesionales pueden recurrir a programas, métodos y enfoqu...
À la suite de la vague d’attentats et des actes terroristes ayant frappé le territoire français, la question de la « déradicalisation » s’est imposée dans le paysage politique et médiatique. Les acteurs et expériences se sont multipliés, sans que la plupart puissent réellement prétendre inscrire leurs actions au regard des connaissances cliniques e...
It has been hypothesized that paraphilic coercive disorder (PC+) constitutes a distinct preference for coercive sexual intercourse that can be discriminated from a preference for sadism (Thornton, 2010). Recent data have indicated that sadism is an endpoint on an Agonistic Continuum that range from noncoercive sexual fantasies and behaviours, throu...
Cette étude porte sur la validité prédictive du Suicide Probability Scale ( SPS ; 1988) auprès d’une population considérée à haut risque, soit des hommes adultes séjournant dans une unité psychiatrique en milieu carcéral. Dans le cadre d’une mesure de prévention du suicide mise en place au Centre Régional de Santé Mentale (CRSM), un des cinq centre...
While sexual misperception does not irrevocably lead to sexual aggression, it remains a significant risk factor. The present study investigated the effects of rape-supportive attitudes, alcohol, and sexual arousal on sexual perception. We used a 2 × 2 between-participants factorial design to randomly assign 135 men from the general population to a...
This book provides the first systematic overview of the theoretical, empirical, clinical, and police issues related to sexual murderers and murder. Bringing together leading researchers, theoreticians, and practitioners from across eight different countries, this is a truly international collaboration and an essential reference text for students, r...
Objectives: Based on the developmental criminology perspective, this study examines the association between the history of behavior problems in childhood and adolescence and the use of sexually coercive behaviors by women (seduction, manipulation, intoxication and physical force). In addition, this study examines the association between the use of...
Based on the developmental criminology perspective, this study examines the association between the history of behaviour problems in childhood and adolescence and the use of sexually coercive behaviours by women. Sexual coercion refers to the use of strategies, which can be sometimes subtle, to have sexual contact without the consent of a partner (...
Severe sexual sadism is a disorder of sexualpreferences that focuses on humiliation and domination of thevictim, sometimes causing grievous injury or death. Becauseoffenders with high levels of sadism represent a risk to bothreoffend and cause considerable harm should they reoffend, adiagnosis of sexual sadism has serious implications. Theactualdia...
Introduction: Although an increasing body of literature focuses on sexual coercion committed by women in the general population, very few explanatory models have been put forward to explain the use of coercive strategies by women. Objective: The main objective of this study is to test, using a wider and more culturally diverse sample, the first exp...
Introduction: Although an increasing body of literature focuses on sexual coercion committed by women in the general population, very few explanatory models have been put forward to explain the use of coercive strategies by women. Objective: The main objective of this study is to test, using a wider and more culturally diverse sample, the first exp...
Risk assessment practices have evolved considerably over the past three decades. Structured assessments of recidivism risk allow for the proper identification of criminogenic needs, which in turn, allow decision makers to make informed recommendations regarding criminal justice interventions and measures. Although actuarial assessments are common p...
Sexual sadism can be described as the experience of sexual pleasure produced by acts of cruelty and bodily punishment (Krafft-Ebing, 1886). Sadists are usually described as a discrete class of people that commit serious crimes and present a high risk of recidivism. Although various explanations of the etiology of sexual sadism have been proposed, v...
Sadism was initially described as the experience of sexual pleasure produced by acts of cruelty and bodily punishment. Sadism was conceptualized as if sadists were fundamentally different from nonsadists. Recent studies have suggested that sadism is distributed as a dimension rather than as a category. The aim of the current study was to assess the...
The limited set of studies available on facial affect recognition in psychopathic individuals not only differ in their findings but also reveal that the stimuli used to portray emotions have little ecological validity. The present study looks at the relationship between the degree of psychopathic traits and emotion recognition in a sample of underg...
Inmates and individuals suffering from a mental disorder have suicide rates that are
significantly higher than that of the general population. To monitor the suicidality of
these individuals, a number of scales such as the Suicide Probability Scale (SPS, Cull
& Gill, 1988) have been developed and are widely used in psychiatric institutions and
corr...
Clinicians are often left with the difficult task of assessing and managing the risk of violent behaviors in individuals having command hallucinations, which may result in substantial rates of false positive or false negative. Moreover, findings on the association between command hallucinations and suicidal behaviors are limited. In an attempt to b...
Inmates and individuals suffering from a mental disorder have suicide rates that are significantly higher than that of the general population. To monitor the suicidality of these individuals, a number of scales such as the Suicide Probability Scale (SPS, Cull & Gill, 1988) have been developed and are widely used in psychiatric institutions and corr...
Les méthodes d’évaluation du risque et des besoins des personnes contrevenantes ont grandement évolué au cours des 40 dernières années. Elles sont passées d’une évaluation impressionniste basée sur l’expérience clinique à une procédure systématique basée sur la recherche scientifique. Ce n’est toutefois que très récemment que les professionnels ont...
La présence accrue de jeunes faisant partie de groupes ethnoculturels minoritaires dans les institutions pour jeunes contrevenants au Québec est une problématique complexe et préoccupante. Cette étude explore le rôle de l’identité ethnique et du fait de faire partie d’un groupe de minorités racisées dans l’association autorévélée à un gang de rue e...
Recent studies concerned with latent structure suggest that sexual sadism represents a dimensional construct rather than a categorical entity. The goal of the present study was to investigate the latent structure of sadism with taxometric procedures on a sample of 474 sexual offenders. Taxometric analyses yielded unambiguously dimensional results.
Sexual sadism can be described as the experience of sexual pleasure produced by acts of cruelty and bodily punishment (Krafft-Ebing, 1886). Sadists are usually described as a discrete class of people that commit serious crimes and present a high risk of recidivism. Depending on the study, between 5% and 50% of sexual offenders are considered sadist...
The explanatory power of the interaction model between individual and contextual risk in order to explain delinquency, in comparison to the additive model, was explored. A research design of 235 offenders that completed self-reported questionnaires regarding antisocial traits and attitudes, criminal entourage, lifestyle, and delinquency was conduct...
Alors que le vieillissement entraînerait une diminution du risque de récidive chez les agresseurs sexuels, le niveau de risque mesuré par les instruments actuariels vi dans le sens inverse. La présente étude vise à évaluer l’impact de l’âge lors de la libération sur les taux de récidive sexuelle et la validité prédictive de six instruments (VRAG, S...
Les instruments d’évaluation du risque et des besoins de la famille LS (level of service) sont parmi les plus utilisés auprès des populations délinquantes dans le monde anglo-saxon. Jusqu’à présent, il n’existait pas de version validée en français du plus récent et plus complet de ces instruments, l’inventaire de niveau de service et de gestion des...
Media content is the result of a special filtering process. Concerning criminality, newsworthiness determines the selection of an event and the media attention. The violence of the crime, the victimization of more than one person, vulnerability, or a lack of relationship between the two protagonists are all indicators to evaluate how interesting a...
Des auteurs ont avancé que le Canada a su limiter les effets du durcissement pénal, notamment en adoptant une politique qui vise à « parler fort, mais agir doucement ». Certains ont cité l’exemple des peines minimales obligatoires (PMO) adoptées par le passé et qui servaient davantage à assurer à la population que le gouvernement sévissait à l’égar...
While aging is supposed to reduce the risk of recidivism among sex offenders, the risk level measured by an instrument should rather increase with age. This study aims to evaluate the impact of age at release on sexual recidivism rates and the predictive validity of six instruments (VRAG, SORAG, RRASOR, Static-99, Static -2002 and MnSOST-R) for 372...
Sexual sadism can be described as the experience of sexual pleasure produced by acts of cruelty and bodily punishment (Krafft-Ebing, 1886). This can also be an innate desire to humiliate, hurt, hit, or even destroy others to experience sexual pleasure.
Although the prevention of recidivism in France is currently undergoing numerous transformations, the evaluation of the risk of recidivism of individuals under the justice system is a major issue. The absence of structure and standardization in current evaluation procedures raises doubts regarding their validity and underlines the necessity to dete...
The results of different studies on the best practices of the prevention of recidivism are clear: it is possible to reduce the risk of recidivism of offenders through efficient intervention. Structured risk assessment combined with practices based on risk, need and responsivity principals may reduce the risk of recidivism by up to 30%. These progra...
Résumé : Alors qu’en France la prévention de la récidive reste l’objet d’importants débats, les données de la littérature internationale sont claires : bien qu’aucune intervention ne permette d’assurer un risque zéro, il est possible de prévenir la récidive. Le modèle du risque, des besoins et de la réceptivité (R-B-R) constitue le modèle d’interve...
Éditorial - La prévention de la récidive en France : les principes d’une évaluation et d’une intervention efficaces
Editorial - Preventing recidivism in France: Understanding the key principles of effective assessment and intervention
L’exercice qui vise a definir les gangs de rue et a en identifier les membres est complexe. Plusieurs caracteristiques de ces groupes, notamment leur caractere elusif et clandestin, leur grande heterogeneite ainsi que leur caractere changeant nous ont pousses a en modifier notre conceptualisation. Cet article propose une definition generale et simp...
Bien que des photographies d’expressions emotionnelles faciales soient couramment utilisees pour etudier le traitement des informations affectives, les ensembles de stimuli actuels comportent differentes limites methodologiques. Dans la perspective d’ameliorer la validite ecologique des travaux sur la reconnaissance emotionnelle faciale (REF), l’et...
La prevalence des comportements a risque chez les jeunes contrevenants est importante et les couts sociaux qui y sont rattaches le sont tout autant, puisque la prise de risques peut entrainer des consequences dommageables, tant pour le jeune que pour son environnement et la societe en general. Plusieurs chercheurs affirment que les divers comportem...
Cognitive distortions are generally considered a key factor in the evaluation and treatment of sexual aggressors against children. The aim of this study was to examine the discriminant properties of the Abel and Becker Cognition Scale. The results of analyses of covariance, in a sample of 265 aggressors against children, do not support ABCS’s discr...
sadism can be described as the experience of sexual pleasure produced by acts of cruelty and bodily punishment (Krafft-Ebing, 1886). This can also be an innate desire to humiliate, hurt, hit, or even destroy others to experience sexual pleasure. Perceived as a disease, sadism has been conceptualized as if sadists were fundamentally different from n...
Background: Facial expressions of emotions represent classic stimuli for the study of social cognition. Developing virtual dynamic facial expressions of emotions, however, would open- up possibilities, both for fundamental and clinical research. For instance, virtual faces allow real-time Human–Computer retroactions between physiological measures a...
L’adhésion à la culture des gangs de rue est au nombre des explications de la grande propension au crime des contrevenants associés à ces groupes. Or, peu de personnes se sont penchées spécifiquement sur l’opérationnalisation du concept. Les objectifs de la présente étude sont de définir la culture de gang, de décrire ses composantes et de proposer...
Sexual sadism can be described as the experience of sexual pleasure produced by acts of cruelty and bodily punishment (Krafft-Ebing, 1886). Sadists are usually described as a discrete class of people, committing serious crimes and presenting a high risk of recidivism. Perceived as a disease which one can or cannot have, sadism was conceptualized an...
The aim of this study is to assess the discriminant validity of the Bumby’s Molest Scale (1996) using Rasch modeling. Results indicate the Bumby's Molest Scale tends to have a good fidelity, while they call into question its validity to measure cognitive distortions.
Purpose: It has been hypothesized that paraphilic coercive disorder (PCD) constitutes a distinct sexual preference for the coercive elements of sexual interactions and that this preference can be discriminated from a sexual pref- erence for violence, harm, and injury. This article critically reviews the evidence that has been marshaled to sup- port...
With regard to the importance of cognitive distortions in child molesting, it remains critical
to be able to assess cognitive distortions. To this purpose, the Abel and Becker
Cognition Scale (Abel al., 1989) and the Molest Scale (Bumby, 1996) are commonly used.
Through a review of standardized assessment of cognitive distortions, different limits...
La notion de structure latente fait généralement référence à la structure théorique d’un concept par opposition à sa mesure qui, elle, est manifeste et observable. En psycho(patho)logie, et plus largement en santé mentale, la nature de la notion même de personnalité est sans nul doute la problématique qui illustre le mieux les tenants et les abouti...
Jusqu’à présent, peu de recherches se sont intéressées à cette dynamique particulière. Est-ce un phénomène lié à l’hypersexualisation des jeunes ou simplement une nouvelle façon d’exprimer sa sexualité? L’échange de matériel pornographique entre mineurs doit-il être considéré comme illégal par la loi? Étant donné les risques et les questions de lég...
With regard to the importance of cognitive distortions in child molesting, it remains critical to be able to assess cognitive distortions. To this purpose, the Abel and Becker Cognition Scale (Abel al., 1989) and the Molest Scale (Bumby, 1996) are commonly used. Through a review of standardized assessment of cognitive distortions, different limits...
Clinicians have at their disposal a variety of instruments with which to evaluate the risk presented by sex offenders. These measures yield similar predictive potency, and combining them does not appear to enhance prediction. The present study examined whether classification and regression tree analysis could identify new combinations of predictors...
Petechiae, one of the classic signs of asphyxia, are thought to be more frequently observed in cases of hanging where part of the body is supporting the victim's weight, ie, cases of incomplete hanging. However, there is very little evidence-based medicine to support this claim. The present study is intended to evaluate the relationship between pet...
Dans son plan strategique, le ministere de la Securite publique du Quebec souligne les problemes actuels de surpopulation carcerale au Quebec. Ce phenomene peut contribuer a une augmentation des conflits vecus par les detenus et, par extension, a l’emergence des incidents disciplinaires. Dans un tel contexte, il semble necessaire d’ameliorer la ges...
The Working Group on Human Asphyxia has analyzed 14 filmed hangings: 9 autoerotic accidents, 4 suicides, and 1 homicide. The following sequence of agonal responses was observed: rapid loss of consciousness in 10 ± 3 seconds, mild generalized convulsions in 14 ± 3 seconds, decerebrate rigidity in 19 ± 5 seconds, beginning of deep rhythmic abdominal...
Numerous instruments are available to clinicians for evaluating sex offenders' reoffense risk. Although they have demon-strated effectiveness in predicting recidivism significantly better than unstructured clinical evaluation, little is known about their predictive accuracy in subgroups of sexual offenders or in the long term. This study was undert...
Introduction:
Several factors may play a role in the development of fractures of the neck structures in hanging. It has been repetitively demonstrated that the incidence of fractures increases with age. The role of other variables is less clear, different studies presenting contradictory results on the role of gender, the type of suspension, or th...