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Introduction
Current institution
Additional affiliations
September 2013 - October 2023
November 2003 - December 2011
Université de la Méditerranée / CNRS-French National Centre for Scientific Research
Position
- Head of Reasearch Unit - UMR 6540 DIMAR
August 1989 - November 2003
Position
- researcher, then director of research
Education
October 1968 - May 1985
Publications
Publications (335)
Diving is an effective way to observe, collect or experiment in situ on echinoderms and other coastal bottom living organisms. Using it in an occupational setting is not just a matter of skill. Having it recognized as a scientific technique is a challenge due to the "recreational" image associated with its practice. Its supposed danger and the chai...
Following a demand from the Blue Economy EU Funded project ScienceDiver to the ISO Technical Committee ISO/TC 228 working on Tourism and related services. Working group 1 of TC228 (diving services) started to work in 2021 (14/04/21) on three standards addressing the training of scientific divers “as a whole”, gathered in a fuzzy concept. The conven...
Today, collaboration between scientific research and civil society is growing significantly. The general public’s curiosity drives it to engage with the scientific process and culture and in the search for solutions to complex issues (economic, social, health, environmental, cultural, educational, or ethical). Clarification is needed to differentia...
The French National Committee for Scientific Diving (CNPS) takes on different tasks including acting as an observatory of occupational scientific diving practices and innovations (Thouzeau et al., 2019). Since 1991 in France, scientific diving has been recognized by law as an occupational sector and is therefore regulated with the aim to reduce the...
Getting diving recognised as a scientific technique has long been a challenge in most European countries because of the ”recreational” image associated with its practice. Another important difficulty for its administrative acceptance has been its supposed danger and the chain of responsibilities that an accident could initiate.
As early as the 1980...
Starting in the 1970s, from an administrative point of view, it became increasingly complicated to use scuba diving for scientific research. This affected the mobility of European scientists and scientific collaborations, even for those funded by the European Union, like the MArine Science and Technology (MAST) program. To reduce this growing handi...
Féral (J.-P.), Saucède (T.) 2023. Les iles Saint-Paul et Amsterdam, une aire marine protégée « pilote »? Espèces 47 : 24-31, DOI : 10.5281/zenodo.7682515 //
Les terres australes françaises abritent la plus grande réserve naturelle nationale. Afin de porter la part des aires protégées à 30 %
de son territoire, la France étend le domaine marin de ce...
supplément web à : Les iles Saint-Paul et Amsterdam, une aire marine protégée 'pilote'
Le domaine marin des îles Saint-Paul et Amsterdam n'a été étudié que ponctuellement depuis l'expédition de la Novara. Une seule campagne d'océanographie biologique (Jasus) s'est déroulée dans ces eaux en 1985. Certaines connaissances sont aussi le produit secondaire d'études menées dans le cadre des pêcheries. Ce chapitres sur les laminaires géante...
Le domaine marin des îles Saint-Paul et Amsterdam n'a été étudié que ponctuellement depuis l'expédition de la Novara. Une seule campagne d'océanographie biologique (Jasus) s'est déroulée dans ces eaux en 1985. Certaines connaissances sont aussi le produit secondaire d'études menées dans le cadre des pêcheries. Ce chapitres sur le benthos est en par...
Le domaine marin des îles Saint-Paul et Amsterdam n'a été étudié que ponctuellement depuis l'expédition de la Novara. Une seule campagne d'océanographie biologique (Jasus) s'est déroulée dans ces eaux en 1985. Certaines connaissances sont aussi le produit secondaire d'études menées dans le cadre des pêcheries. Ce chapitre, très préliminaire, sur le...
This consultation document is a product of the European Scientific Diving Panel (ESDP) which receives initial organizational support from the ESF Marine Board, then from the MARSnetwork. The information and advice provided herein does not necessarily reflect the broader opinion of all Marine Board or MARS member organizations. The document is desig...
An ESDP's contribution to the mutual recognition of each member state's standards and the establishment of equivalence making possible the mobility of scientists in Europe and collaborations.
This document is a summary of the situation in each country that responded to the survey conducted by the panel. As the situation of countries with respect to...
En 1986, la mission de recherche des Terres australes et antarctiques françaises (TAAF) cherche un moyen de développer la connaissance de la faune et de la flore des fonds marins en terre Adélie, délaissée depuis près de trente ans. Une campagne de plongée est rganisée
pour la première fois.
The Kerguelen Islands are part of the French Southern Territories, located at the limit of the Indian and Southern oceans. They are highly impacted by climate change, and coastal marine areas are particularly at risk. Assessing the responses of species and populations to environmental change is challenging in such areas for which ecological modelli...
The World Congress of Marine Stations (WCMS) will bring together those responsible for Marine Stations and Marine Station networks from around the world to progress towards the full establishment of WAMS.
The ESDP proposes to integrate occupational scientific diving into the global organisation plan for marine stations: Occupational Scientific Divi...
Conceived as a baseline for the management and conservation of the marine protected area of the French Southern Territories (réserve naturelle nationale des Terres australes françaises), the checklist of marine macroalgae of the Kerguelen Islands was updated based on an extensive review of the literature and scientific databases, from the first rep...
La décision d'extension des aires protégées portant leur part à 30% du territoire d'ici 2022 a provoqué une démarche d'éco-régionalisation (RNN-TAF) incluant l'état des lieux des connaissances sur le benthos. La 1ère expédition scientifique à St-Paul est celle de la Novara (1857), plus de 300 ans après qu'Amsterdam a été aperçue par Magellan. Très...
Daily weather regimes are defined around the Kerguelen Islands (Southern Ocean) based on daily 500 hPa geopotential height anomalies derived from the ERA5 ensemble reanalysis over the period 1979-2018. Ten regimes are retained as significant. Their occurrences are highly consistent across reanalysis ensemble members. Regimes show weak seasonality a...
Initial training standards for occupational scientific diving (European Scientific Diver and Advanced European Scientific Diver)
Members of the trochoidean genus Margarella (Calliostomatidae) are broadly distributed across Antarctic and
sub-Antarctic ecosystems. Here we used novel mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences to clarify species
boundaries and phylogenetic relationships among seven nominal species distributed on either side of the Antarctic
Polar Front (APF). Mole...
• 1. The coralligenous habitat was studied at the large Mediterranean scale, by applying a standardized, non‐destructive photo‐sampling protocol, developed in the framework of the CIGESMED project.
• 2. The results provided evidence to support the following statements: (a) the assemblage pattern is not homogeneously distributed across the four Medi...
One of the current challenges in today's ecology research is to understand and quantify the effects of climate changes on biodiversity. In order to detect possible trends in biodiversity patterns, it is necessary to conduct long-term observations in various and representative environments. This is always challenging, even more difficult in marine h...
Support de cours sur la situation de la plongée scientifique dans les pays européen, sur ses règles quand elles existent, sur la mobilité des scientifiques et sur la formation à la plongée scientifique en Europe.
In the current context of climate change, sea-surface temperature variation, sea level rise and latitudinal shifts of currents and hydrological fronts are expected to affect marine biodiversity of the sub-Antarctic Islands, particularly in coastal waters. Characterising the impacts of climate change on marine communities requires recording environm...
In the Kerguelen Islands, the multiple effects of climate change are expected to impact coastal marine habitats. Species distribution models (SDM) can represent a convenient tool to predict the biogeographic response of species to climate change but biotic interactions are not considered in these models. Nevertheless, new species interactions can e...
Les suivis à long terme sont un des outils indispensables à la définition de l’état de santé des écosystèmes et à leur gestion. Si le benthos côtier animal est relativement bien connu, il n’en est pas de même pour la flore marine des îles Kerguelen. Les macroalgues étant un élément très important du benthos, mais aussi mal connu, le programme Prote...
Les habitats marins côtiers des îles subantarctiques françaises concentrent une biodiversité originale qui est aujourd'hui confrontée à des changements environnementaux dont les effets sont encore mal cernés. Comprendre l'impact de ces changements et la réponse des écosystèmes implique de mieux les connaître mais aussi d'établir un suivi régulier e...
Hard substrata Monitoring Settlement Scientific diving A B S T R A C T We investigated the validity of Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) as monitoring tools for hard bottoms across a wide geographic and environmental range. We deployed 36 ARMS in the northeast Atlantic, northwest Mediterranean, Adriatic and Red Sea at 7-17 m depth. After...
Coralligenous habitats are bioconstructed, emblematic habitats of the Mediterranean Sea, which display a remarkably complex tridimensional structure and are considered as one of the most important biodiversity hotspots of the Mediterranean Sea. In order to assess the specific diversity of these habitats we sampled small surfaces (10 cm 2) of these...
MARS network newsletter, December 2018, pages 4-5
The understanding of ecosystem services is essential to support sustainable use and preservation of ecosystems. Coralligenous habitats, main contributors of the Mediterranean marine biodiversity, are yet understudied in term of services provided. This study presents an original small-scale approach to investigate the services provided by coralligen...
Coralligenous habitats are emblematic biogenic constructions of the Mediterranean Sea built-up in dim light conditions by organisms from various phylogenetic groups such as calcareous coralline algae (CCA), bryozoans, polychaetes, cnidarians, mollusks, sponges, crustaceans and foraminiferans (Ballesteros 2006). The resulting framework harbors micro...
The Mediterranean basin is a region of high biodiversity, marine and terrestrial, with important endemism. This diversity has faced long-lasting, strong and increasing human demographic pressure. The relatively more recent effects of climate change are well visible in the Mediterranean basin, with for example, heat wave and summer-drought related m...
In a world of declining biodiversity, monitoring is becoming crucial. Molecular methods, such as metabarcoding, have the potential to rapidly expand our knowledge of biodiversity, supporting assessment, management, and conservation. In the marine environment, where hard substrata are more difficult to access than soft bottoms for quantitative ecolo...
One of the most relevant characteristics of the extant Southern Ocean fauna is its resiliency to survive glacial processes of the Quaternary. These climatic events produced catastrophic habitat reductions and forced some marine benthic species to move, adapt or go extinct. The marine benthic species inhabiting the Antarctic upper continental shelf...
Number of private alleles by locus for locality.
(DOCX)
Bayesian analysis results of Sterechinus neumayeri from structure.
A) Boxplot for the assignment of individual genotypes for K = 1 to K = 5; B) Graph that shows the variation of the mean Ln probability of data.
(TIF)
One of the current challenges in ecology is to understand and quantify the effects of climate changes on biodiversity. In order to detect possible trends in biodiversity patterns, it is necessary to install long-term observatories in various and representative environments. This is always challenging, and even more difficult in marine habitats and...
Marine life of the Southern Ocean has been facing environmental changes and the direct impact of human activities during the past decades. Benthic communities have particularly been affected by such changes although we only slowly understand the effect of environmental changes on species physiology, biogeography, and distribu- tion. Species distrib...
Species flocks ( SF s) fascinate evolutionary biologists who wonder whether such striking diversification can be driven by normal evolutionary processes. Multiple definitions of SF s have hindered the study of their origins. Previous studies identified a monophyletic taxon as a SF if it displays high speciosity in an area in which it is endemic (cr...
Aim
We assess biogeographical patterns, population structure and the range of species in the pulmonate genus Siphonaria across the sub‐Antarctic. We hypothesized that locally endemic cryptic species will be found across the distribution of these direct‐developing limpets in the sub‐Antarctic.
Location
The sub‐Antarctic coasts of the Southern Ocean...
In the current context of climate change, variations in sea surface temperature, sea level change, and latitudinal shifts of currents and hydrological fronts are expected to affect marine biodiversity of the Sub-Antarctic Islands located near the Polar Front, such as the Kerguelen Islands, particularly in coastal waters. Characterizing the impact o...
The one thing in common “archaeological”, “biodiversity” or “social systems” studies share is that data
production is both expensive and few automated. Long time series and / or large spatial surveys are difficult to conduct,
since it is necessary to use several observers. The robustness and reproducibility of the observation are also harder to
get...
The one thing in common “archaeological”, “biodiversity” or “social systems” studies share is that data production is both expensive and few automated. Long time series and / or large spatial surveys are difficult to conduct, since it is necessary to use several observers. The robustness and reproducibility of the observation are also harder to
get...
In the current context of climate change, alterations of marine biodiversity and of ecosystem functioning are expected to impact sub-Antarctic Islands where coastal areas are particularly at risk. In the Kerguelen Islands, coastal marine areas aggregate substantial conservation issues for marine biodiversity due to fast environmental changes. They...
Data produced within marine and terrestrial biodiversity research projects that evaluate and monitor Good Environmental Status, have a high potential for use by stakeholders involved in environmental management. However, environmental data, especially in ecology, are not readily accessible to various users. The specific scientific goals and the log...
In the current context of climate change, variations in sea surface temperature, sea level change, and latitudinal shifts of currents and hydrological fronts are expected to affect marine biodiversity of the Sub-Antarctic Islands located near the Polar Front, such as the Kerguelen Islands, particularly in coastal waters. Characterizing the impact o...
The differential response of marine populations to climate change remains poorly understood. Here, we combine common garden thermotolerance experiments in aquaria and population genetics to disentangle the factors driving the population response to thermal stress in a temperate habitat-forming species: the octocoral Paramuricea clavata. Using eight...
Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration alters the chemistry of the oceans towards more acidic conditions. Polar oceans are particularly affected due to their low temperature, low carbonate content and mixing patterns, for instance upwellings. Echinodermata were hypothesized to be at risk due to their high-magnesium calcite skeleton. H...
Dans le contexte actuel de changement climatique, les variations du niveau de la mer et de la biodiversité marine auront une incidence sur les écosystèmes marins des îles subantarctiques, en particulier dans les eaux côtières.
Des sites explorés au cours des programmes marins passés autour des Kerguelen ont été revisités lors de 3 campagnes d'été d...
Avant de découvrir les différentes contributions des chercheurs du GREC-PACA, il est important de préciser certaines notions et le contexte régional afin de mieux cerner les enjeux du changement climatique qui concernent la frange littorale méditerranéenne et plus particulièrement la Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur.
« Littoral » est un terme complexe qu...
Comme le souligne ce cahier thématique du GRECPACA, la science a établi la réalité du changement climatique. L’évolution rapide du climat a une influence directe sur les écosystèmes et les sociétés méditerranéens qui sont parmi les plus menacés de la planète. Il est aujourd’hui incontestable que les effets des changements climatiques sont perceptib...
Pour approfondir les connaissances diffusées dans la publication générale1 du Groupe régional d’experts sur le climat en Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (GREC-PACA), animé par A.I.R. Climat, et apporter des réponses spécifiques, le comité régional d’orientations (CRO) a constitué des groupes de travail thématiques (GTT). Ces derniers sont composés de ch...
Data produced by biodiversity research projects that evaluate and monitor Good Environmental Status have a high potential for use by stakeholders involved in [marine] environmental management. The lack of specific scientific objectives, poor organizational logic, and a characteristically disorganized collection of information leads to a decentraliz...
Broadcasting is the predominant spawning behavior among benthic marine invertebrates, mainly associated with planktotrophic and planktonic lecitotrophic development. Broadcasting allows genetic mixing that should contribute to increase the genetic diversity of a female clutch. Conversely, in brooding species characterized by protected development,...
Proches de masses d’eau et de fronts hydrologiques qui se déplacent vers le sud, les écosystèmes marins côtiers des îles Kerguelen subissent les effets des changements climatiques induits. Pour suivre leurs impacts, l’observatoire sous-marin PROTEKER a été mis en place. Lors de campagnes d’été en plongée et grâce à des appareils automatiques, il co...
Since last year, the researchers of our institute organize public conferences: once a month (the last wednesday of each month) at the Endoume Marine Station (Marseille). join us!
Coralligenous habitats are bioconstructed, emblematic habitats of the Mediterranean Sea which presents a remarkably complex 3D structure resulting of the permanent dynamics between bioerosion and bioconstructions. This highly complex framework represents an habitat for around 1600 species and is so considered as one of the most important biodiversi...
Data produced by biodiversity research projects that evaluate and monitor Good Environmental Status have a high potential for use by stakeholders involved in [marine] environmental management. The lack of specific scientific objectives, poor organizational logic, and a characteristically disorganized collection of information leads to a decentraliz...
In the current context of climate change, sea level variations and the alteration of marine biodiversity are expected to impact marine ecosystems of the sub-Antarctic Islands and coastal areas in particular. Coastal marine areas of the Kerguelen Islands investigated during previous oceanographic programs were revisited during three scientific summe...
Coralligenous is a hard-bottom mainly biogenic habitat, produced by the agglomeration of calcareous encrusting algae growing in dim-light conditions. It is characterized by high structural complexity and spatial heterogeneity, thus supporting rich biodiversity and a variety of sessile assemblages, shaping a typical and one of the most important hab...
Marine environmental monitoring has tended to focus on site-specific methods of investigation. These traditional methods have low spatial and temporal resolution and are relatively labor intensive per unit area/time that they cover. To implement the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), European Member States are required to improve marine mo...
In the context of global climate change, variations in sea surface temperature, sea level change and latitudinal shifts of oceanographic currents are expected to affect marine biodiversity of the sub-Antarctic islands located near the polar front, such as the Kerguelen Islands, particularly in coastal waters. Sampling sites of previous oceanographi...
RESUME Cet article présente la partie architecture et services de la thèse de R. DAVID, intitulé Méthodes et outils pour le suivi à large échelle des habitats coralligène en Méditerranée : du système d'observation au système d'information. Il présente les processus d'indexation et de qualification de données hétérogènes et distantes, basés sur des...
in Luc Abbadie, René Bally, Robert Barbault (eds), FOCUS 2006 - collection interdisciplinaire CNRS, n°5 La biodiversité.
Contribution à la partie "La dynamique des écosystèmes", p.22
Background
Over the last decade, inventorying and monitoring of marine biodiversity has significantly benefited from the active engagement of volunteers. Although several Citizen Science projects concern tropical reef ecosystems worldwide, none of the existing initiatives has yet specifically focused on their Mediterranean equivalents. Mediterranea...
CIGESMED για δύτες, πολίτες-επιστήμονες για το πρόγραμμα παρακολούθησης των κοραλλιγενών οικοτόπων
CIGESMED for divers – Citizen Science for CIGESMED
CIGESMED pour les plongeurs – Les sciences participatives pour CIGESMED
CIGESMED per i subacquei - Citizen science per CIGESMED
CIGESMED for divers – Citizen Science for CIGESMED
Dalgıçlar için CIGESMED – CIGESMED için Vatandaş Bilimi
Dalgıçlar için CIGESMED – CIGESMED için Vatandaş Bilimi
CIGESMED για δύτες, πολίτες-επιστήμονες για το πρόγραμμα παρακολούθησης των κοραλλιγενών οικοτόπων
CIGESMED pour les plongeurs – Les sciences participatives pour CIGESMED
CIGESMED per i subacquei - Citizen science per CIGESMED
Species distribution modeling is commonly used in biogeography and ecology to estimate the spatial distribution of species and communities as a function of environmental factors. Merging distribution models of species assemblages based on abiotic and biotic data can be used for ecoregionalisation, a convenient approach for conservation purposes in...
Isolated in the southern Indian Ocean, the Kerguelen Islands emerge from the Kerguelen-Heard Plateau and are bathed by the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. They are located in a very dynamic oceanographic area positioned at the confluence between several water masses (Antarctic surface waters, Sub-Antarctic and Sub-Tropical waters) near the Antarctic...
Open access, open data, data papers, data sensibility and the debate around it and why. Presentating the concept and why it creates debate
In a production framework of multi-source data in ecology, the equivalence of observation systems and inter-calibration become crucial. Increasingly, integrative trans-disciplinary approaches become necessary in the study of systems where measurement in each discipline is patchy, imprecise and badly distributed. Yet all the variables (biotic, abiot...
