Jean-Paul Laurent

Université de Vincennes - Paris 8 | UP8 · Department of Psychology

Background: As a neurodevelopmental disorder, ADHD and comorbidities represent a public health issue for at least 5% of school-aged children. The inability of many patients to tolerate side effects of psychostimulant and parental reluctance to medicate their children have opened the opportunity to new types of medical care. Recently, trainings invo...

Publishing scientific work: article, oral presentation, poster, ethical issues

The assumption that preterm children have difficulties in maintaining their selective attention was tested in a serial and automatic visual task. Ten 5 year old premature children were compared to ten full-term children. These data support the view that, in contrast to full-term children, 5 years old premature children are not able to modulate visu...

This study estimates the influence of schizophrenic formal thought disorders on cognitive functioning as revealed by the Luria-Nebraska (LN) neuropsychological assessment. Forty chronic schizophrenic patients were selected according to DSMIV. Twenty patients with severe formal thought disorders (+FTDs) were matched for age, sex, education, WAIS-IQ,...

Semantic priming loading down schizophrenic patients with cognitive disorganization ABSTRACT Objective : This paper deals with cognitive disorganization in schizophrenic patients assessing with a lexical decision task. We assume the hypothesis that only Formal Thought Disordered (FTD+) schizophrenics will not present priming effect independently of...

This study investigates whether figurative comprehension in schizophrenia is influenced by the salience of idiomatic meaning, and whether it is affected by clinical and demographic factors and IQ. Twenty-seven schizophrenic patients and 25 healthy participants performed a semantic relatedness judgement task which required the comprehension of idiom...

In a semantic priming paradigm, the effects of different levels of processing on N400 were assessed by changing task demands in 10 schizophrenics and 10 matched controls. In the lexical decision task subjects had to discriminate between words and nonwords, and in the physical task subjects had to discriminate between cyan and blue ink letters. A le...

Our recent research has examined attentional disorders in premature children and also schizophrenic thought disorders. We have integrated three distinct fields in this research: that of cerebral electrophysiology, that of cognition and that of psychopathology. The data, resulting from the analysis of the amplitude, the latency, the modulation or th...

We used the method of event-related potentials (ERPs) during standard semantic judgment task to explore the functional relationship between the deficit in semantic comprehension in women with depression and the potential dysfunction of brain processes mediating language comprehension. Eleven patients with major depression and 13 healthy participant...

Children born preterm more than average display cognitive difficulties that are significant enough to prevent normal schooling. The aim of our study was to provide better understanding of the long-term neuropathological processes associated with preterm injury, through the hypothesis that mild cognitive disorders might be related to slight deficits...

Available evidence of neuropsychological functioning (including working memory) in first-episode psychosis has generally found stable deficits from illness onset. However, cross-sectional studies would suggest a decline in attentional set-shifting ability after illness onset. However, there are no reported longitudinal studies investigating this ab...

Giora's [Giora, R., 1997. Understanding figurative and literal language: the Graded Salience Hypothesis. Cogn. Linguist. 7 (1), 183-206; Giora, R., 2003. On Our Mind: Salience Context and Figurative Language. Oxford Univ. Press, New York] Graded Salience Hypothesis states that more salient meanings-coded meanings foremost on our mind due to convent...

We explored the link between N400 anomalies and clinical profile in schizophrenia patients. N400 was recorded in 50 schizophrenia patients and 40 healthy controls during a lexical decision task with semantic priming. Comparison between controls and schizophrenia patients showed the classical anomalies reported for N400 in schizophrenia patients: gr...

The ability of schizophrenia patients to access metaphorical meaning was studied on the basis of psycholinguistic models of metaphor processing. ERPs were recorded from 20 schizophrenic and 20 control participants who were asked to read metaphorical, literal, and incongruous sentences and to judge their meaningfulness. In all participants, incongru...

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that reinforcing the structuring of verbal material may bring about an improvement in contextualization processes in patients with formal thought-disordered schizophrenia. A total of 38 schizophrenia patients with formal thought disorders and 24 matched healthy control subjects performed 2 lexical de...

Schizophrenic patients exhibit a deficit in the semantic context processing strategies which might be responsible for the language and communication disorders that are characteristic of this condition. The aim of our study was to identify the nature of the contextualization processes which are lacking in schizophrenic patients, by distinguishing be...

The assumption that children born pretem have difficulties in maintaining active attention was tested in passive and active tasks. Fifteen 7-year-old children born pretem at 26 to 32 gestional age were compared to twenty full-term children, matched for age and IQ, using an auditory paradigm. In the passive task subjects had to watch a cartoon prese...

The assumption that children born preterm have difficulties in maintaining active attention was tested in passive and active tasks. Twenty 5-year-old children born preterm at 26 to 32 weeks gestational age were compared with 20 children born at term, matched for age and IQ, using an auditory paradigm. In the passive task participants had to watch a...

The assumption that children born preterm have difficulties in maintaining active attention was tested in passive and active tasks. Twenty 5-year-old children born preterm at 26 to 32 weeks gestational age were compared with 20 children born at term, matched for age and IQ, using an auditory paradigm. In the passive task participants had to watch a...

The ability of schizophrenia patients to access metaphorical meaning was studied on the basis of psycholinguistic models of metaphor processing. ERPs were recorded from 20 schizophrenic and 20 control participants who were asked to read metaphorical, literal, and incongruous sentences and to judge their meaningfulness. In all participants, incongru...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relative contribution in schizophrenics of automatic processes (fluency) and conscious processes (conscious recollection) for the control of preencoded material in category production tasks. In one condition (Exclusion condition), subjects were told specifically not to produce previously presented wo...

Studies on school-age outcome of premature children indicate that they are significantly more likely than full-term children to show learning problems. Objective. We test the assomption that premature children present difficulties to maintain their selective attention in a serial compared to automatic visual task. Methods: Ten 5 year old premature...

Two lexical-decision tasks with 500-ms stimulus-onset asynchrony were conducted with 34 schizophrenic patients. This group consisted of 24 schizophrenic patients with thought disorder (TD) and 10 schizophrenic patients without thought disorder (NTD), 14 psychiatric controls (depressive illness), 20 hospitalized controls, and 20 normal controls. One...

In this study, event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded in a semantic priming paradigm at Fz, Cz, C3, C4, Pz. 12 schizophrenics with major +FTD syndrome were selected according to TLC, and DSM-IV criteria. They were matched to 12 controls for age, education and IQ (Binoit-Pichot). 50 related word pairs, 50 unrelated word pairs, 50 neutral pair...

This study sought to assess whether tardive dyskinesia (TD) related differentially to two types of cognitive functioning in schizophrenia. Thirteen schizophrenics with severe formal thought disorders (+FTD) were matched for age, sex, education, chronicity, dosage, hospital care, with 13 schizophrenics selected for absence of or minimal formal thoug...

This study sought to assess whether tardive dyskinesia (TD) related differentially to two types of cognitive functioning in schizophrenia. Thirteen schizo-phrenics with severe formal thought disorders (+FTD) were matched for age, sex, education, chronicity, dosage, hospital care, with 13 schizophrenics selected for absence of or minimal formal thou...

In a selective attention task, 21 Subjects detected rare randomized targets (P = 0.02) in a set of randomized standard tones. In one condition, Subjects focused their attention and detected targets in one ear, ignoring the other ear, and vice versa in the next condition. AERPs (auditory event-related potentials) were recorded at 5 electrode sites (...

A cinq ans d'intervalles, 2 groupes de 15 schizophrènes ont été examinés dans une tâche de détection dichotique de signal utilisant 2 taux de stimulation et au cours de laquelle les PEA étaient enregistrés (Fz, Cz, Pz, C3, C4), avec la batterie Luria-Nebraska (LN) et cliniquement avec la DSMIII-R, les échelles d'Andreasen, la RDC de Spitzer et Endi...

This study assessed the personality variables of intraversion/extraversion (Eysenck, 1968) state anxiety and attentional set in relation to the augmenting/reducing effect of the auditory event-related potentials (ERP) in ten normal and ten schizophrenic subjects. The two groups were matched for sex, age (30), education (13 years), excluding hearing...

The selective importance of the frontal and temporal lobes is demonstrated in terms of their capacity to produce affects and to recognize facial expressions respectively (Kolb & Taylor, 1983; Baribeau et al 1983). At the cortical level, these 2 lobes are specifically lesioned both in chronic schizophrenia and closed brain trauma. The Bannister grid...