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September 1998 - June 2015
Publications
Publications (418)
Depuis le début des années 2010, les canna-binoïdes de synthèse (CS) sont consommés à Mayotte, sous la formulation de « chimique » : une cigarette dont le végétal (tabac, pour l’essentiel) a été plongé dans un mélange de solvants et de substances psychoactives. Au problème sanitaire identifié de 2012 à 2020 (altération de la conscience, voire overd...
La "chimique" désigne la consommation à Mayotte de cannabinoïdes de synthèse, mélangés à du tabac et fumés en cigarettes. "Chasse-marée" est un programme financé par l'ARS de Mayotte visant à déterminer :
- quelles sont les molécules de cannabinoïdes de synthèse impliquées ?
- le profil des consommateurs (âge, sexe, niveau scolaire et de vie...)...
Molecular autopsy is a very important tool in forensic toxicology. However, many determinants, such as co-medication and physiological parameters, should be considered for optimal results. These determinants could cause phenoconversion (PC), a discrepancy between the real metabolic profile after phenoconversion and the phenotype determined by the g...
Introduction:
Hexahydrocannabinol is a hexahydro derivative of cannabinol. Poisoning with hexahydrocannabinol was first observed in Europe in May 2022.
Method:
This is a retrospective observational study of cases of self-reported hexahydrocannabinol exposure reported to French poison centres between 1 January 2022 and 31 May 2023.
Results:
The...
The significant heterogeneity in smoking behavior among smokers, coupled with the inconsistent efficacy of approved smoking cessation therapies, supports the presence of individual variations in the mechanisms underlying smoking. This emphasizes the need to shift from standardized to personalized smoking cessation therapies. However, informed preci...
Mayotte Island, a French department located in the Mozambique Channel, has for several years been faced with the consumption of “La Chimique” (LC), reputed (but extremely poorly documented) to be a mixture of tobacco and synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs). One of the objectives of the CHASSE‐MAREE protocol is to assess the composition...
The significant heterogeneity in smoking behavior among smokers, coupled with the inconsistent efficacy of approved smoking cessation therapies, supports the presence of individual variations in the mechanisms underlying smoking. This emphasizes the need to shift from standardized to personalized smoking cessation therapies. However, informed preci...
Lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and cadmium (Cd) are identified as potent developmental neurotoxicants. Neonates are the main group receiving multiple blood transfusions. The exposure of neonates to these heavy metals (HMs) can occur through blood transfusions. This study aimed to determine the concentrations of lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and cadmium (Cd) i...
Importance:
The DRAMES (Décès en Relation avec l'Abus de Médicaments Et de Substances) register is a database of drug-related deaths with the aim of identifying the psychoactive substances associated with and estimating the trends in these deaths. Our novel approach is based on the collection of data on all deaths for which toxicology experts have...
Despite prevention efforts, many cases of mushroom poisoning are reported around the world every year. Among the different toxins implicated in these poisonings, muscarine may induce parasympathetic neurological damage. Muscarine poisonings are poorly reported in the current literature, implying a lack of available data on muscarine concentrations...
Tramadol (TR) metabolism is performed by polymorphic enzymes that are influenced by genetic polymorphisms. Within this scope, the study presented here aimed to describe 41 genetic variants within CYP2D6, CYP2B6, and CYP3A4 genes in 48 cases of TR-related death that may be involved in the response to TR and to assess whether there is a correlation b...
Drug facilitated-crime or chemical submission (DFC/CS) is defined as the concealed or forced administration of psychoactive substances to a victim for criminal purposes. This is a national program set up in the early 2000 s in the form of a prospective multicenter survey, the results of which this manuscript presents. Over this 19-year period, 5487...
An 11‐month‐old boy was found dead. Autopsy findings (cyanosis and polyvisceral congestion) and blood tramadol (TR) concentration of 6240 μg/L were consistent with an acute TR intoxication. In this poisoning situation, owing to the mother's statements (TR addiction leading to daily TR‐orange juice mixture preparation accidentally used for the baby...
Entomotoxicological analysis is not part of routine toxicological analysis. This work aims to present two cases to illustrate the potential of entomological samples as complementary matrices to identify substances in cases of advanced putrefaction. (Case#1) A woman wasexhumed after 14 months to ascertain the exact cause of death. She died after six...
To the Editor,
Following our recent published article presenting an analytical method to detect orellanine in human fluids (i.e., urine, plasma and whole blood) (1), we would like to provide additional information regarding the detection of orellanine in kidney biopsies. Indeed, renal biopsy analysis in order to demonstrate orellanine intoxication...
The gold standard for the new psychoactive substance (NPS) detection in toxicology is high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), because of its flexibility concerning the detection of compounds that have a rapid turnover and a broad range of physicochemical properties. Therefore, this chapter discusses the choices toxicologists have to make during t...
The metabolism of urapidil to 2‐MeOPP induces the risk of detection of 2‐MeOPP in biological samples (blood, urine and hair) in case of urapidil treatment. This is supported by two case reports and an in vitro study of urapidil metabolism.
Research on adolescent substance use is of utmost importance. Using local toxicological data, both prevalence and pattern of substance use (SU) and substance-related death (SRD) can be assessed to design effective prevention programs. A retrospective study of toxicology investigations of all adolescents referred to the medico-legal section of the T...
In “post-mortem” cases of high-energy trauma or extensively decomposed bodies, typical samples used for toxicological investigation (i.e., blood or urine) may not be available. In this context, alternative matrices (i.e., nails and hair) have proven to be valuable substitutes (1). Hair grows at around 1 cm per month (0.9–1.2 cm owing to inter- and...
Objectif
Dans le cadre d’une grossesse, la consommation d’alcool demeure un sujet difficile à aborder et dont les outils de prévention et de diagnostic reposent essentiellement sur l’entretien médical et l’utilisation d’autoquestionnaire intégrant le T-ACE (questionnaire à 4 items qui aborde de manière indirecte la consommation d’alcool). L’objecti...
Objectif
En réponse à des demandes de recherche large de xénobiotiques, le laboratoire de toxicologie du CHU de Lille réalise en routine des criblages toxicologiques dans les cheveux par des méthodes de chromatographie liquide avec détection par spectrométrie de masse haute résolution (CL-SMHR) et par spectrométrie de masse en tandem (CL-SM/SM) don...
Objectif
L’objectif est de montrer l’intérêt de l’identification et de la quantification de l’Aldicarbe en association avec un dosage de l’activité cholinestérasiques.
Histoire du cas
Un homme de 63 ans est retrouvé par sa conjointe en arrêt cardiorespiratoire avec des expectorations moussantes. Une boite de Témik est retrouvée à proximité du pati...
Introduction and Aim
This study aims to present a LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of phosphatidyléthanol (PEth)16:0/18:1, PEth16:0/20:4 and ethylglucuronide (EtG) using dried blood spots (DBS) and to report preliminary results of PETHOXICO, a monocentric non-interventional non-randomized cross-sectional clinical study (ClinicalTrials...
Aim
In clinical toxicology (when prescribed in some special situations) as well as in forensic toxicology, hair general toxicological screenings (including more than 700 NPS) using LC-HRMS and LC-MS/MS are performed in our laboratory. We reported surprising positive hair results for 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine (2-MeOPP) in two cases of urapidil t...
Aim
Discuss the interest of nails analysis in the challenging investigation of synthetic cannabinoids (SC) exposure regarding the documentation of an acute intoxication by FUB-AMB (or AMB-FUBINACA or MMB-FUBINACA).
Method
A 20-year-old man was transferred to emergency department after report of a psychotic behavior since 6 days. His medical histor...
But/Objectifs
Dans la plupart des laboratoires, le gamma-hydroxy butyrate (GHB) est dosé par chromatographie en phase gazeuse couplée à la spectrométrie de masse (CG-SM) après une étape d’extraction liquide/liquide suivi d’une dérivatisation. La chromatographie en phase liquide couplée à la spectrométrie de masse en tandem (CL-SM/SM) permet égaleme...
Aim
To report the analytical procedure that was developed and applied to identify oenanthotoxin (OT) and its metabolite 2,3-dihydro-oenanthotoxin (2,3DHOT) in biological and vegetal samples using both LC-DAD and LC-HRMS methods in two cases of equine fatal intoxication by Oenanthe crocata.
Case reports
: (case#1) a 7-year-old Arabian horse was fou...
Aim
In clinical or postmortem forensic medicine, acute or chronical alcohol abuse are of main concern and direct/indirect biomarkers are widely use in order to assess recent or retrospective alcohol abuse. We aim to illustrate that a simultaneous determination of 3 directs ethanol biomarkers [two phosphatidylethanol isoforms, 16:0/18:1 (PEth18:1) a...
Aim
The detection of new psychoactive substances, including synthetic cannabinoids, remains highly challenging. A wide array of chemical structures must be structurally elucidated, along with their associated metabolites, in biological samples collected from poisoned patients. For this purpose, non-targeted screening using liquid chromatography hyp...
Aim
To present 11-year results from DRAMES (“Décès en Relation avec l’Abus de Médicaments Et de Substances” or Deaths in Relation with the Abuse of Drugs and Substances) study and provide new insights into deaths at therapeutic concentration for two opioid substitution treatments (OSTs): methadone (MTD) and buprenorphine (BUP).
DRAMES study is an A...
Aim
Acetaminophen (paracetamol) voluntary (or not) intoxications are a major cause of life-threatening liver damage. Most of available assays on the market show an upper range measurement level that is close to thresholds considered as toxic levels. Therefore, high concentration samples must be further diluted in to accurately measure paracetamol l...
Aim
To present the application of validated methods for determination of (i) orellanine, a highly nephrotoxic molecule responsible of the toxicity of some Cortinarius mushroom and (ii) muscarine, another mushroom toxin, acting as a neurotoxin not reaching the central nervous system, in biological fluids using LC-HRMS/MS technology in poisoning case...
Résumé
Le diagnostic de décès consécutif à un choc anaphylactique, manifestation la plus grave de l’anaphylaxie, fait partie des situations difficiles auxquelles peuvent être confrontés les toxicologues. Après un rappel des données physiopathologiques et diagnostiques concernant les chocs anaphylactiques ; ce manuscrit se propose de présenter les a...
Aldicarb, a carbamate pesticide banned in France since 2008, represents a persistent risk of human poisoning. There is no up-to-date picture of aldicarb intentional poisonings associated to detailed diagnosis and clinical management of cases to evaluate the effect of its ban on intoxication risk reduction, including suicide. This retrospective epid...
Objective
new psychoactive substance use (NPS) is a reality in France, including among drivers. This work aims (i) to report pharmaceutical design of NPS detected in oral fluid (OF) from drivers initially screened for drugs around a music festival in 2019, and (ii) to compare obtained results with those of a previous similar study carried out in 20...
In the analytical challenge of post-mortem toxicological investigations of victim’s drug history, hair analysis constitutes a useful tool. Nevertheless, in addition to usual limitations of hair result interpretation, there are additional pitfalls in post-mortem situations. This manuscript aims to address post-mortem hair analysis interpretation dif...
Consumption of mushrooms can become unsafe for the consumer in case of confusion. It is the case of some fungi of the Cortinarius genus, which contain the nephrotoxic mycotoxin orellanine responsible for their toxicity. Related case poisoning diagnosis is a challenge for both clinicians and analysts because of a long latency period between intake a...
Analytical detection of Oenanthe crocata toxins in biological samples is challenging because of their instability, the lack of commercially available standards and the exceptionally low detection of these molecules using mass spectrometry. This work aims to report the used analytical methods that allowed identification of the main plant toxins in b...
