Jean-Claude Marquie

University of Toulouse II Jean Jaurès, · CLLE (cognition, langues, langage, ergonomie), UMR 5263 CNRS

Objective To determine the predictive value of the large panel of occupational constraints (OC) on all-cause mortality with a 20-year follow-up, in general population of workers. Methods In VISAT prospective cohort study, 3,138 workers (1,605 men; 1,533 women) were recruited during the periodic work health visits conducted by occupational physicia...

Introduction Selon la littérature, les troubles du sommeil constituent une véritable épidémie. Certains facteurs professionnels contribuent totalement ou partiellement à la genèse de ces troubles du sommeil. De plus, certaines conditions de travail augmenteraient le risque de mortalité, notamment cardiovasculaire. Objectif Analyser le rôle du somm...

Objectifs L’objectif de cette étude est d’étudier le lien entre les conditions de travail et l’évolution de la pression artérielle dans une cohorte de travailleurs français suivie pendant cinq ans. Matériel et méthodes Les 1156 hommes et femmes issue de l’étude prospective VISAT, suivis entre 2001 et 2006, ont été interrogés sur l’exposition à dif...

Background: Our objective was to investigate the impact of both prevalent and incident hypertension on cognition in middle-aged individuals followed up for 10 years and to explore the extent to which blood pressure control by antihypertensive drugs could modify this relationship. Method: Three thousand, two hundred and one participants from the...

Background The role of occupational stressors (OS) on blood pressure (BP) is often suspected, but asserting its impact remains uncertain. Our goal was to evaluate their impact on BP increase and on incident cases of hypertension over a 5-year period. Methods One thousand, one hundred and fifty-six men and women from the French prospective VISAT st...

Contexte L’hypertension artérielle est une maladie chronique. La littérature récente évoque le potentiel rôle des contraintes professionnelles sur l’hypertension artérielle. Cependant compte tenu de la multitude et des possibles co-expositions, le rôle des expositions professionnelles sur les changements de la pression artérielle n’est pas claireme...

Background Scarcely ever studied, only one prospective cohort study recently reported on associations between male pattern baldness, earlobe crease and xanthelasma, alone or in combination, and an increased risk of ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction independently of chronological age and other classical cardiovascular risk factors. P...

Background Substantial social inequalities persist in all-cause mortality in several countries. The exposure to different occupational constraints is suspected to explain them. However, little is known concerning the consequences of completed occupational tasks on all-cause mortality. Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the predictiv...

Objective: Among the aetiological factors of chronic low back pain (CLBP), occupational factors are often suspected, but their contribution remains to be ascertained. This study aimed to determine the impact of a wide range of occupational factors on the incidence and persistence of CLBP. Method: From the VISAT (VIeillissement SAnté Travail) stu...

Objectif Parmi les facteurs étiologiques des lombalgies chroniques, de nombreux facteurs professionnels sont souvent suspectés, mais leur implication causale demeure à évaluer. Cette étude vise à déterminer le rôle d’un large panel de facteurs professionnels sur l’incidence et la persistance des lombalgies chroniques. Méthode Mille cinq cent quara...

L’objectif de notre travail était : – de déterminer si une atteinte à la santé ou l’exposition à certaines conditions de travail physiques ou psychosociales étaient prédictives de l’apparition ou de la persistance au fil du temps de la perception du sentiment de pénibilité lié à l’intensité du travail ; – d’étudier si ce sentiment était lié à la si...

Objectifs Évaluer l’impact de la perception de l’intensité du travail en termes de niveau et de pénibilité sur des événements de santé survenus sur une période de suivi de 5 ans. Méthodes Nous avons utilisé les données de l’étude prospective VISAT. Notre échantillon était constitué de 1626 salariés nés en 1944, 1954 ou 1964, actifs et occupant la...

Introduction La réduction des inégalités sociales de santé (ISS) est devenue un objectif explicite de santé publique. Tant pour le développement de la recherche interventionnelle, qui associe acteurs et chercheurs, que pour l’aide à la décision, la mise à disposition d’expertise est nécessaire. C’est l’objectif de la plateforme AAPRISS (apprendre e...

Background Occupational environment is often suspected to be involved in increased Blood Pressure (BP), but asserting its causality remains uncertain. Purpose To assess the impact of a large panel of occupational factors exposures on changes of BP over a 5-year follow-up period. Methods 790 participants were recruited during 2001-2006 in a French...

The thematic research group, called “Aging, Handicap and Experience” of the “gdr 3169-cnrs: Psycho-Ergo” (Research Group on Psychology and Human Factors Issues) has recently initiated reflection about the scientific context including mobility and public transport (http://www.gdr-psychoergo. org/). Based on these grounds as well as on the current st...

Une part croissante de la population active est concernée par les horaires atypiques de travail. Le travail de nuit est associé à des perturbations dans les sphères biologique, psychologique et sociale de l’individu, lesquelles peuvent avoir tout un ensemble de répercussions dans les domaines de la santé, de la performance et de la sécurité. Si un...

The present study addressed age-related differences in performance and strategies while searching for information on the Web while considering specific processes involved in the search activity on the Internet. To this end, 10 older and 10 younger adults were instructed to use Google to find information. The search questions varied and increased in...

Holt suggests that the shift workers in our study1 may have been performing worse than day workers because they performed the tests during their ‘biological night’ (ie, during the day). It is indeed the case that the cognitive tests were administered during the day, but the available evidence suggests that even the vast majority (>95%) of permanent...

Objectives Shift work, like chronic jet lag, is known to disrupt workers’ normal circadian rhythms and social life, and to be associated with increased health problems (eg, ulcers, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, breast cancer, reproductive difficulties) and with acute effects on safety and productivity. However, very little is known ab...

OBJECTIVE To determine the relationship between markers of insulin resistance (fasting insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance), markers of adiposity (BMI, waist circumference, and body fat), HbA1c, and cognitive performances in a middle-aged population–based sample free of diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Our study sam...

Many of the health problems that are more prevalent among shiftworkers are thought to be linked to their heightened susceptibility to metabolic syndrome, i.e., the association of even moderate degrees of visceral obesity, dyslipidemia, abnormal blood pressure, and serum glucose levels in the same individual. Although previous studies have identifie...

Introduction: As people age, they may be less likely to recollect where or when an event took place. However, few studies of source monitoring and aging have used tasks that are similar to what people do in everyday life. Objective: Potential age-related differences in making attributions about the origin of remembered events in Web interaction are...

The current study examined how young (n = 26; mean = 22.31 years) and older Internet users (n = 24; mean = 64.54 years) performed when they had to select and recollect information displayed in Web pages. Content-oriented and navigation-oriented information-finding tasks were used during the study phase. At test, the method made use of two recogniti...

Cardiovascular diseases remain a major public health problem. The involvement of several occupational factors has recently been discussed, notably the organization of work schedules, e.g. shift work. To analyse the progress of knowledge on the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and shift work. A review of English-language literature d...

Good shift changeovers contribute to ensuring continuity and reliability in shift work. In situations where production is not maintained 24 h a day, changeovers with meetings (SCM) between the two work teams (written plus oral face-to-face handovers) alternate with changeovers without meetings (SCnM; written handovers only). An ergonomic work analy...

The present study addressed age-related differences in performances and strategies developed by web users while searching for information. Ten older and 10 younger adults had to search for information with Google and to answer 9 questions varying in complexity: from simple ones (participants needed to use keywords provided in the questions) to impo...

With workforces in industrialized countries getting older, the study examined how shiftworking affects sleep in later life. Longitudinal data were collected in 1996, 2001, and 2006 from a large sample of employees who were 32, 42, 52, and 62 years old in 1996. Effects of shiftwork were most apparent in middle-aged participants, becoming less appare...

Results from a number of studies have suggested a relationship between cognitive alteration and benzodiazepine use in the elderly. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of benzodiazepine use on cognitive functions in a young adult population. This study included 1,019 French salaried workers from the VISAT (Aging, Health and Work) cohor...

The study examined whether mental stimulation received in the workplace positively affects cognitive functioning and rate of cognitive change. Data taken from the VISAT (ageing, health and work) longitudinal study concerned 3237 workers who were seen three times (in 1996, 2001 and 2006) and who were aged between 32 and 62 years at baseline. Measure...

This study examined effects of intensive memory use during one's profession on metamemory beliefs. Fifty-one actors and 60 controls aged from 20 to 73 years were compared with the Metamemory Inventory in Adulthood. Both intensive job-related memory practice and younger age were associated with stronger memory self-efficacy beliefs. Irrespective of...

Les ressources de santé qui relèvent de la sphère cognitive, au même titre que les composantes physiques de la santé, sont façonnées par les conditions de vie et de travail tout au long de la vie professionnelle. Que recouvrent précisément ces ressources cognitives ? Qu’ont-elles à voir avec la possibilité de se maintenir durablement en emploi ? Qu...

Abstract The study first examined the psychometric properties of a French version of the Driving Behaviour Questionnaire (DBQ-50 items; Reason et al., 1990) in a sample of 568 older drivers (55-91 years; M = 71). The predictive validity of the DBQ with respect to driving avoidance was then examined, and compared with that of material (11 items) ad...

The present study investigated the extent to which the impact of motor difficulty on the acquisition of a computer task varies as a function of age. Fourteen young and 14 older participants performed 352 sequences of 10 serial pointing movements with a wireless pen on a digitiser tablet. A conditional probabilistic structure governed the succession...

To identify which psychosocial factors at work are associated with the initiation of psychoactive drug use in a cohort of healthy French workers. This study used data collected from the VISAT ('Vieillissement, Santé, Travail') cohort which included workers aged 32, 42, 52 and 62 years in 1996 with follow-ups conducted over the following 5 years. Da...

With the workforces in industrialized countries getting older, this study sought to determine how shiftworking affects sleep in later life. Longitudinal data were collected from a large sample in 1996, 2001, and 2006 from employees who were 32, 42, 52, and 62 years old in 1996. The effects of shift work were most apparent in the early and middle ye...

This study examined effects of intensive memory use during one's profession on metamemory beliefs. Fifty-one actors and 60 controls aged from 20 to 73 years were compared with the Metamemory Inventory in Adulthood. Both intensive job-related memory practice and younger age were associated with stronger memory self-efficacy beliefs. Irrespective of...

Cette étude examine dans un échantillon de 568 conducteurs âgés (55-91 ans ; moyenne = 71 ans) les propriétés psychométriques d'une version française du Driving Behaviour Questionnaire (DBQ-50 items ; Reason et al., 1990), un questionnaire qui cherche à objectiver différents types de comportements inadaptés de conduite. On a également analysé la va...

The conceptual structure account (CSA) is a model specifying the role of the living and non-living domain dichotomy in the structure of semantic memory. According to this model, feature distinctiveness and the perceptual-functional inter-correlation of concepts are assumed to play a major role in impairing the ability to discriminate between living...

The conceptual structure account (CSA) is a model specifying the role of the living and non-living domain dichotomy in the structure of semantic memory. According to this model, feature distinctiveness and the perceptual–functional inter-correlation of concepts are assumed to play a major role in impairing the ability to discriminate between living...

This paper addresses the cognitive, meta-cognitive and emotional dimensions of some measures likely to promote: (i) greater access to training for older workers, (ii) training methods which are better suited to the adult's characteristics, and (iii) the integration of continuous learning and long-term development opportunities in the job itself. Th...

The study examined the consequences of working conditions on the previous day on cognitive performance the following day. It also addressed the issue of whether this relationship was mediated by sleep and whether it differed as a function of age. The data were taken from the VISAT study (aging, health and work) and concerned the participant's gener...

Malgré la forte dissémination de l’usage d’Internet, de nombreuses études rapportent que les utilisateurs ne sont pas entièrement satisfaits des sites web qu’ils utilisent. Les internautes jeunes (des adolescents aux adultes d’environ 45-50 ans) déclarent se trouver désorientés dans de nombreux sites web et que leurs recherches se soldent malheureu...

Motivation -- Relying on the sensitivity of memory measures to the depth of processing in a prior episode could provide a means of analysing how information is processed during Web interaction (Oulasvirta, 2004). This strategy is applied in order to examine task-related differences in Web information search activity as a function of age. Research a...

To assess whether body mass index (BMI) is associated with cognitive function and cognitive decline in healthy men and women. In this prospective cohort study, we analyzed data from 2,223 healthy workers aged 32 to 62 years at baseline. Medical, psychosocial, and environmental data were collected in 1996 and in 2001. We tested cognitive functions a...

Changes of alertness and cognitive efficiency has been suggested in people whose circadian rhythms are disrupted, e.g. night or shift-workers. Data from field and laboratory studies have demonstrated short-term cognitive disturbances related to circadian rhythm disruption. By contrast, little is known about the long-term consequences of chronic sle...

The study is based on the assumption that some types of cognitive experience (especially mental stimulation) that take place during working life may moderate age-related cognitive decline or dysfunctions and thus maintain work ability. This hypothesis was tested by using data taken from the cross-sectional phase of the VISAT study (Aging, Health an...

This study examined the short-term relationships between the work conditions during the day preceding the data collection, including working hours, subsequent sleep and cognitive efficiency. The study also addressed the issue of whether this relationship differed as a function of age. The data were taken from the cross-sectional phase of the VISAT...

Environmental-factor changes may largely be accountable for the dramatic increase of obesity prevalence in industrialized countries. This study investigated the relationships between body mass index (BMI) and various socio-economic, clinical, behavioural and reproductive factors in a population from Southern France. Using a cross-sectional study, a...

This study examines the hypothesis that a relationship exists between the age structure of work units and the working conditions in these units. According to this hypothesis, age structures are a result of the mobility of personnel between or within companies. Mobility is a continuous process of workplace assignment and reassignment. It results fro...

AGE, WORK CONSTRAINTS AND TASK CHANGE : THE CASE OF NURSES This study examines the hypothesis that a relationship exists between the age structure of work units and the working conditions in these units. According to this hypothesis, age structures are a result of the mobility of personnel between or within companies. Mobility is a continuous proce...

The goal of this study was to examine a large, varied occupational French cohort for possible relationships between various dimensions of occupational stress, on the one hand, and the occupational status and socio-demographic characteristics of workers on the other. Data was taken from the first, cross-sectional phase of the VISAT study (aging, hea...