Jayaprakash Vemuri

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• PhD
• Associate Professor at Mahindra University

Machine learning approaches are increasingly being employed to forecast the key characteristics of strong ground motions, including the challenging classification of Pulse-Like (PL) ground motions. The PL ground motions are characterized by their impulsive nature and have the potential to cause significant damage to structures. The classification o...

Türkiye is located in a seismically active region, where the Anatolian, African, and Arabian tectonic plates converge. High seismic hazards cause the region to be struck repeatedly by major earthquakes. On February 06, 2023, a devastating MW7.7 earthquake struck Türkiye at 01:17 am local time (01:17 UTC). In this regard, near and far-field ground m...

Purpose Near-fault pulse-like ground motions have distinct and very severe effects on reinforced concrete (RC) structures. However, there is a paucity of recorded data from Near-Fault Ground Motions (NFGMs), and thus forecasting the dynamic seismic response of structures, using conventional techniques, under such intense ground motions has remained...

Purpose The objective of the study is to examine the response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures subjected to Near-Fault Ground Motions (NFGM) and highlight the importance of considering various factors including the influence of the relative geographical position of near-fault sites that can affect the structural response during an earthquake....

The continued increase in urbanisation and industrialisation across the world has dramatically increased the amount and variety of waste, and, in particular, wastewater, being generated. Wastewaters contain a large variety of both organic and inorganic contaminants. Various wastewater treatment technologies have been developed over the last few dec...

Ground motion identified by pulse-like (PL) features exhibits significant effects on the built environment, since these pulses retain a substantial portion of the seismic energy, hence imposing a substantial demand on structural systems. Identifying the PL ground motions continues to be challenging due to a lack of agreement on the frequency conten...

The study investigates the interdependency between the wide range of single parameter-based ground motion intensity measures with demand parameters for low-rise reinforced concrete (RC) structures in terms of efficiency and sufficiency. Further to evaluate the the seismic vulnerability of RC structures due to pulse-like (PL) and non-pulse-like (NPL...

The large-scale fly ash and slag integration in concrete has not only aided in reducing the environmental impact of cement, but also contributed to economic development by reducing waste, cutting carbon emissions, conserving resources, and offering cost-effective, sustainable construction solutions. This aligns with the global shift towards green b...

In recent years, fly ash and slag, both industrial by-products, have been integral to sustainable geopolymer concrete, but their fire resistance lacks clarity. The complex interaction between its composition and elevated temperatures has a significant impact on its resulting mechanical properties, thereby suggesting the need for precise predictive...

The dynamic response of the structures, subjected to strong ground motions, depends on the behavior of the soil in and around the structure. The effect of soil-structure interaction is neglected by analysis and designers due to a lack of code provisions. Damage to structures in recent earthquakes has indicated non-uniform distribution of damage, wh...

Accelerograms recorded in an earthquake are time-domain signals and do not convey information on the frequency content of the wave. The frequency domain representation of the accelerogram shows the distribution of the frequency content but hides information on the time characteristics. Since both the amplitude and frequency of the seismic wave cont...

Water supply, flood control, and hydropower generation are among the primary functions that rely on the prediction of reservoir outflow. Accurate prediction of reservoir outflow can help mitigate the flood risk and ensure the long-term sustainability of the hydraulic structure. Traditional prediction methods, such as linear regression analysis, and...

Ground motions exhibiting pulse-like (PL) features present a distinct and significant threat to the structural integrity of constructed environments, due to intense pulse, large amplitude, and rapid energy release. The lack of recorded PL ground motion data in the Indian region presents a significant challenge for accurate seismic risk assessmen...

The accurate identification of pulse-like ground motions for utilisation by engineers continues to remain a challenge since the existing techniques are few and limited, and also differ in their methodology of classification of such motions. In recent years, in the domain of seismology and earthquake engineering, the autonomous identification of imp...

The duration characteristics of near-fault earthquake ground motions play a significant role in the dynamic response of a structure. Linear regression-based models are extensively used to forecast ground motions and duration parameters. However, such an approach fails to account for the complexity arising from the non-linear patterns in the data se...

Water supply, flood control, and hydropower generation are among the primary functions that rely on the prediction of reservoir outflow. Accurate prediction of reservoir outflow can help mitigate the flood risk and ensure the long-term sustainability of the hydraulic structure. Traditional prediction methods, such as linear regression analysis, and...

Afghanistan is situated close to the area where the Indian, Arabian, and Eurasian tectonic plates converge. The consequent seismic hazard causes the region to be repeatedly struck by major earthquakes. However, there is a lack of seismic instrumentation in the region, and only limited historical ground motions are available thus presenting a challe...

Afghanistan is situated close to the area where the Indian, Arabian, and Eurasian tectonic plates converge. The consequent seismic hazard causes the region to be repeatedly struck by major earthquakes. However, there is a lack of seismic instrumentation in the region, and only limited historical ground motions are available thus presenting a challe...

Masonry is the oldest building material, yet it is also the least understood due to the non-linear and composite nature of masonry, which consists of brick units, mortar, and unit-mortar contact. In this paper, the response of a two-dimensional masonry wall with a window opening subjected to an in-plane lateral pushover loading is simulated by vary...

Destruction of reinforced concrete (RC) structures, particularly non-ductile RC structures, in recent earthquakes demonstrate their vulnerability under lateral forces generated in an earthquake. Despite the extensive literature on the subject and the wide variety of strengthening techniques available, there is no consensus on the efficiency of thes...

The continuous collision of the Eurasian plate and the Indian plate has resulted in several earthquakes in the Himalayan region. The 6.9 Mw 2011 Sikkim earthquake, which caused immense damage to the built environment in Sikkim, was triggered by an intraplate source on the overriding Eurasian plate. Strong ground motions from the- earthquake were re...

On 29th March 1999, the Garhwal-Kumaun region in the western Himalayas was struck by a damaging Mw 6.6 earthquake. The earthquake was recorded at 11 stations in the state of Uttarakhand, India. The earthquake caused immense damage to the built environment in the region which primarily comprises low-rise masonry and reinforced concrete structures. U...

During severe seismic events, the dynamic response of the structure is affected not only by the behavior of the superstructure but also by the nature and behavior of the soil present in and around the substructure. The conventional structural design process usually assumes the base of the foundation to be completely restrained, i.e., in a fixed con...

The 2015 Nepal earthquake was one of the strongest quakes to strike the landlocked Himalayan country. The earthquake resulted in strong ground motions that severely affected various structures in the region. The unreinforced masonry structures were destroyed. Recorded ground motions from only five stations are available in the public domain. Howeve...

The stress build-up along the plate boundary of the Indian and Asian plates is a source of major destructive earthquakes in the state of Uttarakhand. The high seismic hazard in the region has led the Indian Standard Code 1893:2016 to place the entire state of Uttarakhand in seismic zone IV and V, corresponding to seismic intensity levels of severe...

Unreinforced masonry (URM) structures comprise over 60% of the building stock of India. URM structures are highly vulnerable under earthquake loads. Their seismic behaviour is complex due to the nonlinear and composite nature of masonry which comprises brick units, mortar, and the unit–mortar interface. Experimental studies on URM walls with openin...

Taiwan, a seismic active island has been struck by numerous earthquakes in the past. The 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake was one of the deadliest to occur in the 20th century. The ground motion caused a surface rupture of roughly 100 km along the north–south Chelungpu fault, with surface displacements of up to 12 m. The ground motions were recorded at over...

In 2011, a Mw 6.9 intraplate earthquake struck the state of Sikkim in India. The earthquake caused substantial damage to the built environment in Sikkim. The ground motions from the damaging earthquake were recorded at six stations in Sikkim. A detailed analysis of the key characteristics of these strong ground motions can enable a better understan...

Biomedical waste management (BMW) is in the spotlight due to the enormous impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on public health and hospitals. Further, countries with large populations generate significantly higher amounts and variety of both hazardous and non-hazardous BMW, leading to a need for a comprehensive strategy for effective BMW management. Th...

Pulse-like ground motions constitute a significant challenge to the performance of buildings, as they are characterized by long intense velocity, displacement, or acceleration pulses. Such ground motions are generated by directivity, fling action, basin edge effects, and fault rupture asperities. They may impose higher seismic demands on the struct...

Unreinforced masonry (URM) made with soft bricks comprises a large percentage of the building stock in developing countries. However, the poor performance of URM piers during earthquakes has led to renewed interest in understanding their behavior under lateral loads. Little experimental data is available on the seismic response, analysis, and desig...

Concrete shows a highly non-linear pressure-sensitive constitutive response when it is strained more than its elastic limit. Recent advances in computational techniques have greatly aided the rapid implementation of non-linear material behaviour in finite element modelling for reinforced concrete structures. In this study, a finite element model is...

The Kashmir region lies in the zone of the collision of the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates. The interlocking between the two plates causes a release of accumulated strain at several faults in this collision zone and leads to frequent inter-plate earthquakes. The ground motions recorded in the earthquakes are time-domain signals, which do not c...

Concrete, owing to its brittle nature is weak in tension and therefore, a significant amount of published research has focused on the addition of fibers to improve the flexural performance of concrete. The addition of fibers in a concrete matrix improves its overall performance in terms of strength, ductility, and durability by the mechanism of res...

Geopolymer concrete is an environment-friendly material and is presently accepted as an alternative to conventional concrete. It utilizes industrial by-products like fly ash and slag to reduce CO2 emissions associated with cement production. Due to the variability of fly ash composition and concrete casting conditions, significant variability is ob...

Turkey is marked by frequent earthquakes which have caused substantial damage to the built environment. Ground motions recorded in these earthquakes are time-domain signals. For nonlinear dynamic analyses of structures, analysts use accelerograms, which are the time-acceleration representations of the ground motions. The time-acceleration descripti...

The 2001 Mw7.6 earthquake which struck the Kutch region in the western part of India, was one of the largest intraplate earthquakes to have struck the Indian subcontinent. There was extensive destruction of unreinforced brick masonry (URM) buildings in the region. Assessing the vulnerability of the masonry structures of this region is complicated d...

Nonlinear Time History Analysis (NTHA) is a rigorous technique requiring the analyst to assemble a suite of ground motions to perform structural analyses. In current practice and literature, there are several techniques available to select and scale records: however, there is little or no consensus among researchers or designers regarding the accur...

The seismic behaviour of low strength unreinforced masonry (URM) structures comprising soft bricks is still not clearly understood. This challenge can be addressed by numerically modelling soft brick URM wall panels using the simplified micro modelling technique. Alternatively, an analytical approach can be adopted to derive the load-deformation cu...

Unreinforced Masonry (URM) Structures exhibit non-linear behaviour under severe excitations generated by earthquakes. The Bouc–Wen model is widely used to characterize such complex hysteretic behaviour. To compute the Bouc-Wen parameters, the NSGA-II algorithm, which is an elitist non-dominated sorting evolutionary algorithm, is used. The program m...

Eccentrically Braced Frames (EBFs) are a suitable seismic load resisting system for seismic areas. EBFs are able to confine damage to the links, which are easily replaceable after severe earthquakes. However, the EBF has not been adopted widely in India since the current Indian Steel Design Code, IS 800:2007, provides no guidance on the design of E...

Peak ground A/V ratio has been used an empirical parameter to estimate ground motion frequency content and categorize ground motion suites for performing nonlinear time history analyses of structures. Ground motions are usually classified into three subjective categories: low A/V, intermediate A/V, and high A/V to reflect low-, moderate-, and high-...

Unreinforced soft-brick masonry structures comprise a large portion of buildings in earthquake prone regions of India. Recent earthquakes have extensively damaged such structures. Experimental and numerical studies on soft brick unreinforced masonry structures are scarce in literature. In this paper, numerical simulation of soft brick unreinforced...

The 2001 Gujarat earthquake was one of the most destructive intraplate earthquakes ever recorded. It had a moment magnitude of Mw 7.6 and had a maximum felt intensity of X on the Modified Mercalli Intensity scale. No strong ground motion records are available for this earthquake, barring PGA values recorded on structural response recorders at thirt...

Unreinforced, non-engineered low-strength brick masonry structures comprise a large percentage of buildings in the Himalayan region and have been extensively damaged in recent earthquakes. Due to the high seismic hazard of the region and the inherent vulnerability of non-engineered masonry structures, a seismic assessment of masonry construction in...

The Eccentrically Braced Frame (EBF) has been accepted by seismic codes as a major seismic load resisting system. EBFs are designed using the capacity design method where all structural members are proportioned for the maximum capacity of the ductile fuse element. Load and resistance factors for code provisions have historically been derived from t...

Precast concrete structures are rapidly being adopted as an alternative to traditional castin- situ concrete buildings. In low rise precast structures, pinned connections using steel dowels have been traditionally used, especially to connect beams to columns. Recent earthquakes have exposed the vulnerability of such connections which experienced si...

Indian cities are rapidly growing in size and hence the number of vehicular trips on our road systems is spiraling up. The Union Government has taken a pragmatic policy shift to discourage private modes and encourage public transport. The traffic in the national capital, New Delhi is more than that of Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai put together. In th...

The Alpine-Himalayan belt which covers the entire Himalayan range of India is the second most active seismic belt in the world. In the Himalayan range, the Indian plate is in an on-going collision with the Eurasian plate. The consequent interlocking between the two plates causes a release of accumulated strain at several faults in this collision zo...

Components or connections proportioned using “Capacity-Based Design” principles are designed to be stronger than the member to which they are connected. Generally loads are much more variable than resistances, so it may be possible to use larger resistance factors to reduce the perceived conservatism of Capacity-Based Design.These Capacity-Based De...

The requirements of present steel design codes are based on limit-state design criteria and are more stringent than earlier codes based on the working-stress design method. Compression members in steel bridges designed using the working stress method, may be deficient as per current standards and may need rehabilitation. A common technique to stren...

The Eccentrically Braced Frame (EBF) has both high ductility and high stiffness characteristics. The key member of the EBF is the link, which acts as a sacrificial fuse by dissipating seismic energy. Steel design codes prescribe a constant overstrength factor for links, but experimental results have shown that such assumption can lead to either con...

Steel Eccentrically Braced Frames (EBFs) have been used in earthquake prone areas due to their ability to confine damage to the links, which can be easily replaced after damage. EBFs are designed using Capacity Based Design, and for economical design, it is essential that the designer can estimate the strength of link accurately. In this paper, a m...

The EBF is a lateral load resisting system which has high stiffness with ductility and energy dissipation capacity. However, the Indian Steel Design Code, IS:800-2007 does not contain any guidance for the analysis and design of EBFs. This paper reviews recent research on the seismic behaviour of EBFs.