Jawad Fayaz

University of Exeter | UoE · Department of Computer Science

Various earthquake early warning (EEW) methodologies have been proposed globally for speedily estimating information (i.e., location, magnitude, ground-shaking intensities, and/or potential consequences) about ongoing seismic events for real-time/near real-time earthquake risk management. Conventional EEW algorithms have often been based on the inf...

This research examines the influence of the two main types of earthquake mechanisms (i.e., subduction and crustal) on the seismic response of steel moment frames (SMFs). Nonlinear time history analyses are conducted on five archetype SMFs using two suites of selected unscaled recorded ground motions. The first suite consists of records from subduct...

This paper presents a novel approach for predicting the behavior of buckling restrained braces (BRBs) using long short-term memory (LSTM) and residual neural network (ResNet) models. Nonlinear finite element analysis (NLFEA) usually requires 3D modeling of complex parts and assigning various material and simulation properties before conducting the...

The reduction of pipe leakage is one of the top priorities for water companies, with many investing in greater sensor coverage to improve the forecasting of flow and detection of leaks. The majority of research on this topic is focused on leakage detection through the analysis of sensor data from district metered areas (DMAs), with the aim of ident...

Earthquake early warning (EEW) systems aim to provide critical information (i.e., magnitude, ground-shaking intensity, and/or potential consequences) about the characteristics of incoming earthquake waves at a target site to mitigate the hazard in real-time/near-real-time rapidly. In general, EEW systems are classified into two groups: 1) on-site s...

Earthquake early warning (EEW) systems are swiftly evolving from standalone physics-inferred methods (requiring computationally expensive inversions) to data-driven strategies for efficient earthquake hazard mitigation in real time. Besides being speedy in prediction, data-driven approaches such as artificial neural networks usually require minimal...

The process of ground motion selection and scaling is an integral part of hazard-and risk-consistent seismic demand analysis of structures. Due to the lack of ground motion records that naturally possess high amplitude and intensity, the research community generally relies on scaling the records to match a target hazard intensity level. The scaling...

This paper proposes a deep learning-based generalized ground motion model (GGMM) for interface and intraslab subduction earthquakes recorded in Chile. A total of ~7000 ground-motion records from ~1700 events are used to train the proposed GGMM. Unlike common ground-motion models (GMMs), which generally consider individual ground-motion intensity me...

Earthquake early warning (EEW) systems aim to provide critical information (i.e., magnitude, ground-shaking intensity, and/or potential consequences) about the characteristics of incoming earthquake waves at a target site to mitigate the hazard in real-time/near-real-time rapidly. In general, the EEW systems are classified into two groups: 1) on-si...

Earthquake early warning (EEW) systems are swiftly evolving from standalone physics-inferred methods (requiring computationally expensive in-versions in real-time) to data-driven strategies for efficient real-time/near real-time earthquake risk management. Besides being speedy in prediction, data-driven approaches such as artificial neural networks...

Highway bridges are critical components of the lifeline transport infrastructure in urban areas. They are designed with the expectation of not sustaining significant structural/non‐structural damage after major earthquake‐induced ground shaking. However, in the current structural performance‐based assessment practice, the effects of a pre‐damaged s...

Various earthquake early warning (EEW) methodologies have been proposed globally for speedily estimating information (i.e., location, magnitude, ground-shaking intensities, and/or potential consequences) about ongoing seismic events for real-time/near real-time earthquake risk management. Conventional EEW methods have often been based on the inferr...

This paper proposes a deep learning-based generalized ground motion model (GGMM) for interface and inslab subduction earthquakes recorded in Chile. A total of ~7000 ground-motion records from ~1700 events are used to train the GGMM. Unlike common ground-motion models (GMM), which generally consider individual ground-motion intensity measures such a...

This study assesses the impact of corrosion deterioration on the seismic performance of bridge components during a sequence of ground motions. Specifically, a simplified methodology is proposed to derive state-dependent fragility relationships for bridge components (i.e., fragility relationships that explicitly depend on the damage state achieved b...

Utilization of “consistent” mainshock (MS) - aftershock (AS) ground motions is desirable in practical engineering applications. Such consistency in selecting MSAS sequences requires proper consideration of the correlations between and within the intensity measures of MS and AS ground motions. This study proposes a generalized ground motion model (G...

Utilization of “consistent” mainshock (MS) - aftershock (AS) ground motions is desirable in practical engineering applications. Such consistency in selecting MSAS sequences requires proper consideration of the correlations between and within the intensity measures of MS and AS ground motions. This study proposes a generalized ground motion model (G...

Several recent studies have investigated the risk posed to structures by earthquake sequences, proposing state-dependent fragility/vulnerability models for assets in damaged conditions. However, a critical component for such efforts, i.e., ground-motion record selection, has received relatively minor consideration. Specifically, utilization of “con...

The evaluation of a bridge's structural damage state following a seismic event and the decision on whether or not to open it to traffic under the threat of aftershocks (ASs) can significantly benefit from information about the mainshock (MS) earthquake's intensity at the site, the bridge's structural response, and the resulting damage experienced b...

Controlled low strength material (CLSM) is prominently used as backfill material. It is characterized by its low strength and self-flowable characteristics. Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a versatile concrete which can flow under its own mass and can fill up the congested reinforcing areas without the aid of manual or mechanical means of compact...

An efficient algorithm is presented to simulate site-based ground motions using Dabaghi and Der Kiureghian (2018) and Rezaeian and Der Kiureghian (2012) that achieve target ground motion intensity measures between a range of periods. The proposed algorithm uses predictive relations between the model parameters (MP) and the RotD50 spectral accelerat...

There is a need for benchmarking and validating simulated ground motions in order for them to be utilized by the engineering community. Such validation may be geared towards a specific ground motion simulation method, a target engineering application, and a specific location; the validation presented herein focuses on a bridge engineering applicati...

The patent deals with the fabrication and product of a novel composition Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) bars, to be used in the construction industry as a replacement for steel bars in Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) members such as beams, columns, slabs etc. These FRP bars have been fabricated using a blended mix of Fibers and Waste Plastic. The...

Modern seismic hazard analysis utilizes various ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) to estimate intensity measures (IMs) such as spectral acceleration (S a), Arias intensity (I a), significant duration (D 5-95), and cumulative absolute velocity (CAV) as scalar parameters. The use of these GMPEs leads to independent estimations of IMs for the...

A comprehensive methodology for the validation of simulated ground motions is presented. The suggested methodology can be geared toward any ground-motion simulation method and seismic response assessment, in a target engineering application. The methodology is founded on the comparison between conforming groups of ground-motion waveforms from recor...

A fundamental assumption in seismic response simulations of structures is the approximation of possible seismic excitation by a set of selected and modified ground motions recorded from past events world-wide. The assumption that records from past earthquakes can be used for analyses of structures in other locations with different seismic character...

This study presents an efficient algorithm that can be used to simulate ground motion waveforms using the site-based approach developed by Dabaghi and Der Kiureghian, and Rezaeian and Der Kiureghian that not only correspond to a specified seismic scenario (e.g. magnitude, distance, site conditions) but are also certain to achieve a target ground mo...

Current seismic design procedures such as Caltrans Seismic Design Criteria (2013, 2019) are continuously evolving to develop methodologies for conducting seismic analysis to achieve more accurate estimations of the demands corresponding to target hazard levels. The most widely used conventional procedure to conduct seismic demand analysis is to sca...

We evaluated CyberShake (ver 15.12) simulated ground motions using probabilistic seismic demand analysis of Ordinary Standard Bridges (OSBs). For five Southern California sites, catalogs of simulated ground motions representing a time-span of 200,000 years with diverse sites and local seismicity conditions were obtained from Cybershake (ver 15.12)....

The currently used Ground Motion Prediction Models (GMPMs) are developed independently for different periods of a single-degree-of-freedom oscillator and do not account for internal correlations between the spectral accelerations at various periods for the same ground motion. The current approach to incorporating such a correlation is through a pos...

Modern communities rely heavily on infrastructure systems for their economic development. In particular, road transportation networks are essential to provide connections within and outside communities. In addition, damages to the road infrastructure can result in damages to other systems (e.g., power, water, telecommunication networks). The unavai...

This study aims to harness the capability of synthetic ground motions for the design of standard ordinary bridges based on PBEE concepts. The outcome is a set of guidelines, that helps engineers generate ground motion time-histories for performance assessment of ordinary bridges in a standardized format. To develop the required knowledge for this p...

There is a need for benchmarking and validating simulated ground motions for utilization by the engineering community. The validation method presented herein focuses on bridge engineering applications in Southern California. Catalogs of simulated ground motions representing a 200,000-year history are selected from the CyberShake (ver. 15.12) databa...

The design practice of Box-Girder Seat-Type (BGST) bridges in the Western U.S. is continuously evolving based on the results of advanced modeling and analysis techniques. This is mainly to help engineers and researchers to better understand the behavior of BGST bridges during seismic excitations. Within this backdrop, this study fills the gaps in t...

This study presents a critical assessment of the reliability of current base plate connections in steel special moment resisting frames (SMRFs). Using a probabilistic outlook, this research evaluates the reliability of exposed column base (ECB) connections in SMRFs designed based on the current seismic design provisions; it suggests (and implements...

The Ridgecrest Earthquake sequence included a foreshock event on July 4 2019 (M6.4) and a M7.1 mainshock event on July 5 2019. These events occurred in the Eastern California Shear Zone, near Indian Wells Valley, south of China Lake and west of Searles Valley. GEER has partnered with several organizations to collect perishable data and document the...

The overarching goal and delivered outcome of the research conducted herein is the development and implementation of a ground motion representation framework for performance-based design and assessment of standard ordinary bridges in California. These guidelines draw from the current body of knowledge in ground motion selection and scaling and grou...

This paper assesses the effects of the vertical component of ground motions on steel structures and evaluates the current seismic design provisions of ASCE 7 on the basis of a structural reliability outlook. Eight special moment-resisting frame (SMRF) and special concentrically braced frame braced frame (SCBF) steel structures were analyzed under t...

This study utilizes the current Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research (PEER) Performance-based Earthquake Engineering (PBEE) methodology to address the significance of considering a sequence of ground motions as the representation of seismic hazard in PBEE design and assessment frameworks. The current state of the art in design and assessment of...

Scarcity of the recorded ground motions and their unavailability to meet specified design scenarios have led to an increased use of the simulated ground motions in performance-based earthquake engineering. This paper offers a benchmark study aimed at validating various ground motion simulation models for engineering practice. The ground motion simu...

Experimental investigations were carried out on novel Waste Plastic incorporated GFRP (WPGFRP) rebars and concrete specimens reinforced with novel WPGFRP rebars. The WPGFRP rebars were manufactured through pultrusion, using waste plastic (PET powder) as strength additive filler and various engineering properties are assessed. Tests results indicate...

The design practice of Box-Girder Seat-Type (BGST) bridges in Western U.S. has significantly evolved due to the advances in modeling and analysis techniques. These advanced procedures help engineers and researchers to better understand the behavior of BGST bridges during seismic excitations. Within this setting, the combined effect of the duration...

This paper highlights the benefits of incorporating wastes such as powdered gypsum wall boards (PGP) or drywalls, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and quarry dust on improved performance of Controlled low strength materials (CLSM), which is a self-flowing cementitious backfill material. Drywalls, a construction & demolition waste, are kn...

Controlled low strength materials (CLSM), is a self-flowing cementitious backfill material, most suitable for sustainability objectives since it makes use of wastes in large quantities. Wasted gypsum wall boards (drywalls), a construction & demolition waste, are known to pollute atmosphere by releasing harmful H2S gas when dumped at landfills. Use...