Javed Ahmad

• Doctor of Philosophy
• Managing Director at Ayub Agricultural Research Institute

Pre-cleaned wheat grains were milled to produce whole wheat flour. Cleaned barley grains were soaked in water overnight which were dried till the desirable moisture of 9.0 % and milled to produce barley flour. After this, composite flour of wheat and soaked barley was made at a combination of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% barley in the whole wheat flou...

Toona sinensis , a plant species renowned for its culinary and medicinal properties, exhibits diverse colour variations that contribute to its aesthetic appeal and commercial value. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying colour and aroma traits in Toona sinensis is crucial for breeding programs and quality regulation in agriculture and t...

Drought stress considerably affects the growth, yield as well as quality traits of wheat. Thus, the assessment of drought stress on the growth of wheat plants is very crucial to identify superior genotypes. This research explored how drought stress affects wheat grain yield and associated traits. Ten wheat genotypes were evaluated under both fully...

Arooj-22 is a bread wheat variety released by Wheat Research Institute (WRI), for irrigated and rainfed areas of Punjab-Pakistan. It was selected during 2016-17 from 24th Semi-Arid Wheat Yield Trial (SAWYT) from CIMMYT, Mexico. It was evaluated for yield stability in regular, provincial and national yield trials with the genotype code; V-17179 from...

Drought stress (DS) adversely affects a plant’s development and growth by negatively altering the plant’s physio-biochemical functions. Previous investigations have illustrated that seed priming with growth regulators is an accessible, affordable, and effective practice to elevate a plant’s tolerance to drought stress. Melatonin (MT) is derived fro...

Climate change is increasing stress on agricultural production, notably in developing nations where crop yields are critically impacted. Swift changes in climate conditions directly diminish wheat yields and adversely influence key grain constituents such as starch, fibre, protein, amino acids, and essential nutrients. The studies were conducted fo...

Pearl-21, an early maturing barley cultivar that was developed keeping in view the fluctuating climatic scenarios as drought stress is severely impairing the yield of crops in Pakistan. The exquisite genotypes were received from the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Lebanon. The superior line was screened out...

Heat stress during the post-anthesis phase significantly impacts wheat cultivation. To evaluate the tolerance of advanced wheat lines to heat stress, stress tolerance indices were used under both normal and post-anthesis heat stress conditions. The results showed a decrease in the average yield of advanced lines under both conditions, indicating th...

Durum-21 (D-21) is a high-yielding, disease resistant with better-quality traits variety, developed by Wheat Research Institute Faisalabad. This variety is mainly developed for industrial purposes for pasta production. Worldwide, durum wheat is utilized for pasta production; but in Pakistan, due to a lack of research work and non-availability of qu...

Wheat is a globally significant cereal crop crucial for ensuring food security. Plant breeders strive to enhance yield potential by developing optimized and stable genotypes. In Pakistan, an agricultural country facing food security challenges, annual multi-environment trials (MET)’s systematic conduct transpire across various research stations in...

Developing high-yielding wheat varieties tolerant to abiotic and biotic stresses is a challenge wheat breeder currently face. Wheat Research Institute (WRI), Ayub Agricultural Research Institute (AARI), Faisalabad, Pakistan, has released 65 wheat varieties, including MH-21, for several zones since its establishment in 1906. MH-21, with the varietal...

The increasing global population demands potential high-yielding wheat genotypes, even under changing climatic conditions. Wheat Research Institute (WRI), Faisalabad, designed a two-year study during 2018–2020, following augmented block design, to assess the association between yield and quality parameters in 245 bread wheat genotypes, including 10...

Wheat Research Institute (WRI), Faisalabad, Pakistan, a premier foundational birthplace of the Green revolution in Pakistan, has played a vital role in attaining food self-sufficiency. Latest grown varieties have succumbed to ever-changing pathogens, unable to stand in the fields. Hence, the initiative to develop an indigenous type to withstand hig...

Background Wheat is a staple cereal food around the globe. It provides a significant source of proteins, carbohydrates, and other micronutrients to humans. When grown on cadmium (Cd) contaminated soils, the uptake of trace elements e.g ., iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) has also been affected drastically that in turn affected the wheat grain. Methods In t...

Reduction in plant height is generally associated with an increase in lodging resistance, drought tolerance and grain yield of wheat worldwide. Historically, a significant increase in grain yield was observed through the introduction of semi-dwarf wheat varieties utilizing the gibberellic acid-insensitive Rht genes (Rht1 or Rht2). The gibberellic a...

This study was directed to incorporate barley flour derived from hulled barley variety "Jau-17" in the whole wheat flour to develop chapatti. Five different samples of flour blend for chapatti production were made by adding barley (at the rate of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%) into the whole wheat flour and their proximate analyses and other quality var...

Genetic components of variation were estimated for six Brassica napus lines using 6×6 diallel scheme. The current research was conducted in the winter season during 2019-20 in the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of Agriculture Faisalabad. Statistical analysis exhibits great diversity among parental genotypes and F1 hybrids for...

The changing climatic condition of the world significantly affecting the average grain yield of wheat crop. In the present study, fifty-six wheat genotypes including checks (Akbar-2019 and Barani-2017) were tested under drought stress. The crop was grown under rainfed conditions (only pre-sowing irrigation was applied at the time of land preparatio...

Background Drought stress at different growth stages significantly alters growth, yield, and quality traits of wheat. However, great variability exists among genotypes regarding their response to drought stress. Therefore, determining the impacts of drought stress on yield and quality traits would help to select the superior genotypes. Methods Thi...

Talbinah-21, a first hull-less barley variety was prepared at Wheat Research Institute (WRI), Ayub Agricultural Research Institute (AARI), Faisalabad Punjab-Pakistan during 2021 and released for irrigated and moisture stress areas of Punjab as well. The proposed genotype with parental AGER/2*PETUNIA 1 with pedigree CBSW01WM00121T-0TOPY-4M-1Y-1M-1Y-...

341 entries comprising of 250 genotypes/lines and 91 gene differentials were tested for leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Erik) in different ecological zones of Punjab during 2016–17 and 2017–18. Each entry was planted in a single 1 m long row and Morocco was used as a spreader. Data on leaf rust severity was recorded once in 3rd week of March during b...

Triticum aestivum is among the few species of crops which has been widely grown as a source of food. For seed quality trait analysis, wheat germplasm (77 genotypes) was collected from Pakistan's diverse agro-climatic regions. Significant variation (p < 0.05) was observed for tested parameters among tested genotypes. Genotypes with maximum protein c...

Field-based experiments were conducted during wheat cultivation seasons of 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 to minimize the impact of hidden hunger (micronutrient deficiencies) through agronomic biofortification of two wheat cultivars with zinc and iron. Two spring-planted bread wheat cultivars: Zincol-16 (Zn-efficient) and Anaj-17 (Zn-inefficient with high...

The major wheat-producing countries have heterogeneous and fragile agro climatic surroundings but frequently restraining wheat yield and quality losses are predominant under heat and drought prone agriculture exclusively when both stresses occur in blend, which looms the food security globally. However, many suggested examples are available in thes...

The increased unpredictability in amount and timing of rain, spells of heat and drought has affected grain yield and threatened food security worldwide. Therefore, untapped genetic resources are needed to be exploited for future gain in yield potential under heat and other stress types. Herein, a panel of 44 wheat landraces stored in gene bank was...

Stem rust is a major disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide and new Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt) races including TTKSK (Ug99) pose a serious threat to wheat production. The protection of new varieties against Pgt races can be increased by identifying and combining several types of stem rust resistance genes (Sr). We screened a...

Hidden hunger is emerging as a major challenge for agricultural scientists because world population is increasing and food production is augmenting. Metals deficiencies (micronutrient malnutrition), especially Zn and Fe, are affecting over half of global population because they are depending cereal crops mainly wheat rice and maize for their daily...

Presence of Wheat dwarf India virus (WDIV) and Ageratum yellow leaf curl betasatellite (AYLCB) was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing in wheat samples originating from Pakistan for the first time. However, no alphasatellites were detected from the analyzed samples. Both, WDIV and AYLCB were highly similar to their counterparts...

Wheat is admired food crop that plays its role in food security in many mounting countries like Pakistan. Although harvesting time and various storage systems exert a major impact on wheat but high temperature and humidity during storage are detrimental for wheat grain health, quality, and germination knack. High storage temperature shoddily affect...

Food security for increasing population demands high grain yield potential. Development of high yielding cultivars along with bold grain size is major confront for researchers. The shape, size and density of grain are vital constituents for governing high yield, market value as well as good milling. Present study was designed to evaluate of 50 geno...

The increased unpredictability in amount and timing of rain, spells of heat and drought has affected grain yield and threatened food security worldwide. Therefore, untapped genetic resources are needed to be exploited for future gain in yield potential under heat and other stress types. Herein, a panel of 44 wheat landraces stored in gene bank was...

In Pakistan, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties undergo intensive yield testing within the National Uniform Wheat Yield Trials (NUWYT) before recommendations are made to farmers. The trialing network extends across 12 different agroecological zones defined for the whole of the country. In this paper, we consider the analysis of data from this t...

Stress tolerance indices viz tolerance index (TOL), mean productivity (MP), stress susceptibility index (SSI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress tolerance index (STI), yield stability index (YSI), yield index (YI), etc., were used to evaluate genotypes with high yield and drought tolerance. The barley line B-09006 produced highest yield und...

The population of world is accelerating fast with increased number of malnourished people having deficiency of micronutrients, particularly in developing countries. Mineral malnutrition is considered to be the most serious among the global challenges for humans. Biofortification of wheat grain through genetics is a powerful methodology for altering...

To identify the genotypic effects of parents for wheat × maize crossing system, five F1 wheat genotypes were crossed with five maize cultivars. The data for haploid seed and embryo production in each cross was recorded and analyzed. The data revealed that maize genotypes have significant variable effects on haploid wheat seed and embryo production....

Intergeneric hybridization of wheat with maize has been exploited to achieve instant homozygosity in wheat with the production of doubled haploids. A study was conducted at Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, AARI, Faisalabad during 2007-08 and 2008-09 to enhance the efficacy of haploid production, in terms of frequency of seed and embry...

The main purpose of conventional breeding or hybridisation is to bring about homozygosity, for which 6 to 7 years may be required. Wheat and maize crosses have proved to be more efficient in DH lines production than anther culture methods, because of its lower genetic specificity. Doubled haploid technique facilitates the development of homozygous...

Twenty advanced lines/genotypes of wheat including two check varieties were sown under two different sowing times through out the Punjab province at 18 different locations with diverse environments to study their stability and adaptability. Normal sowing was done in second week of November 2007 while the delayed sowing was completed during second w...

Performance of nineteen exotic genotypes along with local check variety was studied during 2009-10 at Wheat Research Institute, AARI, Faisalabad, Pakistan. The experiment was conducted under two field conditions i.e., stress and irrigated conditions. In case of water stress experiment, only soaking irrigation was applied for seed bed preparation an...

Haploids are helpful in studies for intergenomic relationship, identifying molecular markers, reducing time period of varietal development and increasing efficiency of breeding program. In case of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), wheat x maize cross system is the most successful system due to its higher efficiency, more haploid embryo production...

The F1 of spring wheat in a 5×5 complete diallel cross was evaluated for combining ability effects for grain yield and its components under irrigated conditions at Wheat Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan during 2009-10. The mean squares due to genotypes, GCA, SCA and reciprocals were found highly significant except for reciprocal effects of...

Nineteen wheat genotypes received from CIMMYT, Mexico and one local variety Faisalabad-2008 were planted in two separate field experiments i.e. under water stress and irrigated conditions in RCBD with three replications during crop season 2009-10 at Wheat Research Institute, Faisalabad. Highly significant differences were noted for days to heading,...

Graphic and component analysis of five different genotypes of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L) namely LU-26, Pak.81, Pb. 85, S-131 and S-1080, indicated the presence of additive genetic variance with partial dominance for peduncle length, spike length. spike lets per spike and number of grains per spike while complete dominance was reported for gr...

Haploids are of great value as genetic and breeding tools in crop improvement. The major benefit of haploids is the compression of time required to generate homozygous genotypes. So, this technique provides breeders a very fast way of producing pure breeding lines. The production of wheat haploids from the intergeneric hybridization of wheat (Triti...