Javad Ghaffari

Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Shomal allergy Clinic · pediatric

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV1) is a lymphotropic virus which can be transmitted through unprotected sexual activity, breast feeding, and blood transfusion. Although most of HTLV1-infected individuals remain asymptomatic carriers, 1% to 5% and 3% to 5% develop adult T-cell leukemia and HTLV1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic parapare...

Chronic Urticaria (CU) is a skin disorder characterized by wheal and flare with a duration of more than 6 weeks affecting 1%-2% of the population (more common in women). Thirty to 35% of cases of CU have angioedema [1]. The etiology of chronic spontaneous urticarial is not usually clear, 40%-50% are idiopathic and 30%-40% are autoimmune [2, 3]. Qua...

Background: It is well established that upper and lower airways are often clumped together when diagnosing and treating a disease. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of upper and lower airway diseases and to assess the effect of sociodemographic factors on the prevalence and the comorbidity of these disorders. Methods: This cross-s...

A prospective study was conducted from 2017 to 2021 at Bouali Hospital in Mazandaran province, Sari, Iran. Out of 58 patients who were enrolled in our study, lophomoniasis was diagnosed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of nine patients, for the first time, using an in‐house polymerase chain reaction technique. All patients were treated with metronid...

Background: Preterm delivery is one of the main causes of newborn mortality, signifying the inequality of conditions in receiving the necessary prenatal care. Objectives: The present systematic review was conducted to investigate the relationship between preterm delivery and socio-structural determinants of health with an emphasis on occupation, ed...

Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is not the most common acute complication of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents, but the cerebral edema caused by it is the most common cause of death in children with DKA. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature to describe the predisposing factors of cerebr...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new coronavirus disease that is highly contagious and affects all age groups of children. The incubation period of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) ranges from 2 to 14 days. Diagnosis of COVID-19 is made by conducting nasal and pharyngeal swabs and analyzing sputum, stool, and blood sa...

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19, the seventh coronavirus) is a new infectious disease that spread worldwide and rapidly became a pandemic. COVID‐19 is rare in children and often asymptomatic. The respiratory system is mainly involved in COVID-19 infection. Objectives: This study aimed to review respiratory manifestations in children...

Background and Aims: Allergic disorders such as asthma, urticaria, eczema, and allergic rhinitis are common worldwide, and allergens are the most common etiology and exacerbating factors. So, This study aimed to find the allergens in these patients with skin prick tests. Materials and Methods: All the allergic cases referred to an allergic clinic i...

Nowadaysprevalence of the allergic disorders reveals great increase.Accordingly the recognition of psychological factors related to diseases is essential for precaution as well as the treatment of disease.The aim of the comparative–causative study was to detect themental risky factors as well as personality characteristics of allergicpatientscompar...

Introduction: Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a cutaneous reaction that can be appeared after the use of certain medications, such as cephalexin, with non-follicular sterile pustules, erythematous, urticaria, fever over 38 and leukocytosis. Cephalexin belongs to the family of beta-lactam antibiotics, which are widely used aroun...

Introduction: Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a cutaneous reaction that can be appeared after the use of certain medications, such as cephalexin, with non-follicular sterile pustules, erythematous, urticaria, fever over 38 and leukocytosis. Cephalexin belongs to the family of beta-lactam antibiotics, which are widely used aroun...

Background: Drug allergy is a subtype of Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) mediated by the immunologic system. Extreme drug allergy is poorly known in children that contribute to hospitalization in our region. Objectives: This research aimed to study major drug hypersensitivity reactions in the north of Iran among the hospitalized children. Methods: Thi...

Background and purpose: Urticaria is a pruritic cutaneous disease characterized by weal and flare. Acute and chronic urticaria affects the quality of life. Some abnormalities are associate or comorbid with urticaria. The purpose of this study was to examine comorbid conditions in patients with urticaria. Materials and Methods: We searched in many d...

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disorder. Nutritional conditions affect allergic diseases such as asthma. The aim of this study was to review the serum zinc level in children with asthma. Methods: This is a review article found in databases such as Google, PubMed, SID, Irandoc, Scopus and up-to-date. Key words for search...

Background The inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) are a group of heterogeneous disorders mainly characterized by severe and recurrent infections besides other complications including autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. In this study, we aim to evaluate clinical, immunological, and molecular data of monogenic IEI patients with and without autoimmune...

The article's abstract is not available.

Background Dedicator of Cytokinesis 8 (DOCK8) deficiency, the most frequent cause of autosomal recessive hyper immunoglobulin (Ig)E syndrome, is a rare combined immunodeficiency. Objective In this study, we report seven patients with consanguineous parents with five novel variants within the DOCK8 gene. Methods For genetic analysis, we performed...

Context: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disorder, and nutritional conditions affect allergic diseases such as asthma. This study aims to find the relationship between maternal gestational vitamin D levels and asthma progression and wheezing in children later in life. Objectives: Allergic disorders are common everywhere in the world....

Primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) are often associated with autoimmune disease due to the dysregulation of the immune system and distributed central and peripheral tolerance. In many inborn immune deficiencies, lymphocytes may be present but they are dysfunctional, allowing for the development of excessive autoreactivity skipping negative s...

Susceptibility to infection from phagocytic dysfunction ranges from mild and recurrent skin infections to overwhelming, fatal systemic infection. Affected patients are more susceptible to bacterial and fungal infections but have normal resistance to viral infections. Most cases are diagnosed in infancy due to the severity of the infection or the un...

Background: Asthma is one of the most common persistent inflammatory respiratory disorders. Comorbidities are relatively common in asthma. The aim of this review study was to find comorbid disorders in children with asthma. Methods: For the purpose of this review, we searched databases including Scopus, Google scholar, PubMed, SID, Irandoc and up-t...

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus and highly contagious that affects all age groups such as children. Any age, including infancy, could be affected by the pandemic. More than 210 countries have been affected by now.

Background: Exposure to house dust mites is an important cause of asthma among children. The main asthma-causing mites found in homes are Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides. pteronyssinus. Der f1 or Der p1 are allergens of the mentioned mites. This study aimed to assess the levels of Der p1, and Der f1 in the homes of families that had a...

Advances in deep learning have enabled researchers in the field of medical imaging to employ such techniques for various applications, including early diagnosis of different diseases. Deep learning techniques such as convolutional neural networks offer the capability of extracting invariant features from images that can improve the performance of m...

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease. Nutritional conditions effects on allergic diseases such as asthma. The aim of this study is to find relation of maternal vitamin E and progression of children asthma. This is a review article searched in data base include Google, PubMed, SID, Irandoc, Scopus and up-to-date. Key words for search...

Background: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most frequent primary immunodeficiency disorder mainly characterized by recurrent bacterial infections besides other immunological defects including loss of or dysfunction of B cells and decreased immunoglobulin levels. In this study, our aim is to evaluate clinical, immunological, and mol...

BACKGROUNDBACKGROUND: Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory respiratory disease more common in children. Microbial agents such as viruses are a common trigger of asthma. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic disease that could lead to the exacerbation of allergic disorders such as asthma. The aim of this study is to write a narrati...

Allergic disorders are common in the world and they have different triggers. Food allergy may be contributed in allergic disorders. The aim of this study was to review to food sensitization in children allergic disorders such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and 1urticaria. We searched in some data bases include Google scholar, PubMe...

Background Chronic urticaria (CU) has a range of clinical demonstrations and causes. Parasitic infections are mentioned as one of the main causes of the CU. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasites in patients with CU compared with healthy subjects. Methods A total of 169 cases and 210 controls we...

Background and Objectives: Human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is a virus of the Retroviridae family, which has infected more than 20 million people around the world. The study aimed to review the prevalence of HTLV infection in pregnant women. Methods: We searched various databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, SID, Magi...

Background: Exposure to house dust mites is an important cause of asthma development among children. The most important asthma-causing mites found in homes are Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f1), and D. pteronyssinus (Der p1). Der f1 or Der p1 are as allergens of mites The aim of this study was to assess the levels of Der p1, and Der f1 in homes of...

Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder associated with decreased platelet production and accelerated platelet destruction. An impaired immune system may induce by or be associated with ITP. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate complement and humoral immune systems in ITP. Methods: We evaluated 30 children (under 1...

Urticaria is a pruritic skin lesion characterized by rapid onset of blanchable central wheals and marginal flare. Urticaria diseases are categorized on the basis of their duration, etiology, and causes. In this review, a thorough search was conducted in electronic databases such as Scopus, Pubmed, and Google Scholar using the following keywords: ur...

A 6-year-old boy presented to the emergency department with respiratory distress.

Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is a multiorgan disorder characterized by progressive neurologic impairment, cerebellar ataxia, and immunodeficiency of both humoral and cellular types

Increased serum IgE concentrations, usually above 2000 IU/mL, and eosinophil levels above 90%, are present in both forms of the hyper IgE syndrome (HIES)

Treatment of the accelerated phase of Chediak-Higashi syndrome consists of etoposide, steroids, and intrathecal methotrexate followed by maintenance cyclosporine A

Abnormal large granules in several cell types, including granulocytes, melanocytes, NK cells, and platelets, as well as decreased bactericidal activity of neutrophils are among hematologic findings of Chediak-Higashi syndrome (CHS)

NTRODUCTION: One of the most serious complications of acute febrilepyelonephritis in children is the development of renal scar. Thisstudy aimed to investigate the effect of dexamethasone on urinarycytokine levels and renal scar in children with acute pyelonephritis. METHODS: In a double-blind randomized clinical trial, 60 childrenaged 3 months to...

Two clinical types of asthma have been conventionally described: transient non-atopic wheezing which is more common in early childhood and persistent atopic wheezing with its onset in early childhood and high probability of persistence in late childhood or adulthood.

Introduction: One of the most serious complications of acute febrilepyelonephritis in children is the development of renal scar. Thisstudy aimed to investigate the effect of dexamethasone on urinarycytokine levels and renal scar in children with acute pyelonephritis. Methods: In a double-blind randomized clinical trial, 60 childrenaged 3 months...

The prevalence of allergic disorders, such as urticaria or hives, has increased over the decades. The exact etiology of allergic diseases is unknown, but genetic and environmental factors contribute to it. Allergic diseases carry a lot of financial burden on the family and society. Urticaria, especially the chronic type, has a significant effect on...

Jalaeikhoo et al published an article titled, “Prevalence of Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Infection in Patients with Hematologic Disorders and Non- Hematologic Malignancies in a Tertiary Referral Hospital” in Arch Iran Med in 2017. is is a good article and I have a few comments about prevalence of HTLV1 with different etiologies...

HTLV1 is a retrovirus which more commonly infects the T-cell and has been recognized as the etiologic agent of a mature T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and a chronic myelopathy known as HTLV1–associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. Other manifestations include uveitis, chronic arthropathy, Hashimoto thyroiditis and pulmonary alveolitis. We fou...

HTLV1 is a retrovirus which more commonly infects the T-cell and has been recognized as the etiologic agent of a mature T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and a chronic myelopathy known as HTLV1–associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. Other manifestations include uveitis, chronic arthropathy, Hashimoto thyroiditis and pulmonary alveolitis. We fou...

Omalizumab (Xolair ®), a humanized anti-IgE monoclonal antibody, is effective and well-tolerated in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria refractory to H1 antihistamines. The aim of this review was to present the effective dose of omalizumab for urticaria treatment in patients. Several databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Google, SID,...

BACKGROUND: Chronic urticaria is a cutaneous disorder defined by the presence of hives and flare for over six weeks. Etiology of chronic urticaria is not clear in 80 to 90 percent of patients. Malignancies are possible associations with allergic disorders such as urticaria. The purpose of this article was to review the expression of chronic urticar...

Fungal agents account for the clinical manifestation of allergic disorders. The aim of the present study was to review the prevalence of hypersensitivity reactions to fungal aeroallergens in patients with allergic disorders, including allergic rhinitis, asthma, urticaria, and eczema, in Iran. The initial literature search resulted in the identifica...

Purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by decreased numbers of T-cells, variable B-cell abnormalities, decreased amount of serum uric acid and PNP enzyme activity. The affected patients usually present with recurrent infections, neurological dysfunction and auto...

Introduction: Allergic asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease often determined with degrees of inflammation, hypersensitivity, bronchial constriction, and airway changes. Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells are the main cells involved in asthma pathophysiology. To evaluate Th1, Th2, and Th17 functions by assessing INF-𝛾, IL-4, and IL-17 gene and prot...

Introduction:Allergic asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease often deter-mined with degrees of inflammation, hypersensitivity, bronchial constriction, andairway changes. Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells are the main cells involved in asthmapathophysiology.To evaluate Th1, Th2, and Th17 functions by assessing INF-훾, IL-4, and IL-17 gene andprotein...

Introduction and objectives Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways. Th1, Th2 and Th17 cells are the main cells involved in the pathophysiology of asthma. The function of these cells is affected by T-bet, GATA3 and RORγt transcription factors (respectively). Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of gi...

Context: Asthma, characterized by airway inflammation, is a common chronic disease of childhood. Cytokines and chemokines could be used in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of asthma severity in children. In this review, we have explained the application of cytokines and chemokines as biomarkers in pediatric asthma. Evidence Acquisition: All...

Primary immunodeficiency (PID) is a group of more than 400 distinct genetic disorders affecting both children and adults. As signs and symptoms of PID are usually heterogeneous and unspecific, diagnosis and follow-up of these patients can be challenging based on the available human resources and laboratory facilities. In order to reach a distinct n...

Background & Aims: Asthma is the most common chronic disease during the childhood and it is one of the most common causes of emergency attendance and hospitalization, with serious health and economic consequences. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of self-management on asthma of children aged 7-12 years. Materials & Methods: It...

Background The number of inherited diseases and the spectrum of clinical manifestations of primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) are ever-expanding. Molecular diagnosis using genomic approaches should be performed for all PID patients since it provides a resource to improve the management and to estimate the prognosis of patients with these rar...

Context: Asthma, characterized by airway inflammation, is a common chronic disease of childhood. Cytokines and chemokines could be used in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of asthma severity in children. In this review, we have explained the application of cytokines and chemokines as biomarkers in pediatric asthma. Evidence Acquisition:...

Background: Predominantly antibody deficiencies (PADs) are the most common primary immunodeficiencies, characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia and inability to generate effective antibody responses. Objective: We intended to report most common monogenic PADs and to investigate how PAD patients who were primarily diagnosed as agammaglobulinemia, h...

In a review article the Prevalence of Asthma ever was 2.7% (95% CI: 1.9 to 3.6) and 3.5% (95% CI: 2.6 to 4.6) in pediatric ages 6-7 and 13-14 years, respectively. ‘Wheezing in the past 12 months’ were 7.6% (5.6 to 9.8) and 10.7% (95%CI: 8.9 to 12.7) in pediatric ages 6-7 and 13-14 years, respectively

Objective: Due to the high prevalence of anxiety and depression in parents of children with chronic diseases and also, because of the high prevalence of asthma, the present study was designed to evaluate the relationship between the parental anxiety intensity and the children's asthma severity. Materials and Methods: It was a cross sectional study...

no abstract

Context: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic skin disease in children. The prevalence of eczema is up to 30% in the world. Omalizumab (Xolair) is a monoclonal antibody that blocks the serum IgE. The aim of this study is to review the effect of Xolair in children with atopic dermatitis. Evidence Acquisition: The data was searched in PubMed, Scopus, and E...

Background: Combined immunodeficiencies (CIDs) are diseases of defective adaptive immunity with diverse clinical phenotypes. Although CIDs are more prevalent in the Middle East than Western countries, the resources for genetic diagnosis are limited. Objectives: This study aims to characterize the categories of CID patients in Iran clinically and...

BACKGROUND: Alopecia areata is a non-scarring hair loss, which typically starts quickly. Atopy is one of the possible predisposing risk factors for this condition. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid disease, atopic dermatitis and allergic diseases in children with alopecia areata and compare the results with healthy indivi...

Background and purpose: Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder with increased inflammation and bronchial over react to stimulants. Th1 and Th2 cells are the main cells involved in the pathophysiology of asthma. The function of these cells is under the influence of T-bet and GATA3 transcription factors. This study aimed to investigate th...

Background: Pneumococcal vaccine provides protection against invasive pneumococcal disease in p opulation at risk. This study was conducted to compare the antibody response to 13 - valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and 23 - valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in patients with thalassemia m ajor. Methods: A randomized cross - over cli...

Introduction: Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID) are a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders, characterised by recurrent severe infections, autoimmunity and lymphoproliferation. Despite impressive progress in identification of novel PID, there is an unfortunate lack of awareness among physicians in identification of patients with PID, es...

Background Pneumococcal vaccine provides protection against invasive pneumococcal disease in population at risk. This study was conducted to compare the antibody response to 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in patients with thalassemia major. Methods A randomized cross-over clinical trial w...

Context Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, relapsing skin disorder that affects all ages including infancy and childhood. There are many proved and unproved treatments for atopic dermatitis. Evidence Acquisition Data sources of this narrative review included studies about pediatric atopic dermatitis with the following keywords, pediatric, atopic derm...

Background: Eczema, allergic rhinitis and asthma are common chronic allergic disorders in childhood. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of common allergic disorders among Iranian guidance schools students in Mazandaran Province, northern Iran. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 3000 children...

Hyperimmunoglobulin-D syndrome (HIDS) is a rare, autosomal recessively inherited autoinflammatory disease caused by mutations in the mevalonate kinase gene. HIDS usually starts in infancy with recurrent fever episodes lasting three to seven days and recurring every three to six weeks, with only partial symptom decrease in adulthood. Fever is typica...

Hyperimmunoglobulin-D syndrome (HIDS) is a rare, autosomal recessively inherited autoinflammatory disease caused by mutations in the mevalonate kinase gene. HIDS usually starts in infancy with recurrent fever episodes lasting three to seven days and recurring every three to six weeks, with only partial symptom decrease in adulthood. Fever is typica...

Background: Primary antibody deficiency (PAD) is the most common group of primary immunodeficiency disorders (PID), with a broad spectrum of clinical features ranging from severe and recurrent infections to asymptomatic disease. Objectives: The current study was performed to evaluate and compare demographic and clinical data in the most common type...

Introduction and Objective: Abortion is the most common complication of pregnancy, defined as spontaneous expulsion of products of conception before 24 weeks of pregnancy or termination of pregnancy with a fetus weighing <500 g. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in combination regimens with aspir...

Context: Allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis (AR) and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases are the most common chronic diseases among children. Although the cause of AR has yet to be clearly identified, genetic and environmental factors are known to play an important role in the development of the disease. Evidence Acquisition: In a more r...