Javad Alaghband Rad

Tehran University of Medical Sciences | TUMS · Department of Psychiatry

To review the premorbid histories of 23 children meeting DSM-III-R criteria for schizophrenia with onset before age 12 years and to compare these with childhood data of later-onset schizophrenics. Premorbid features up to 1 year before onset of first psychotic symptoms were rated from hospital and clinic records, clinical interviews, rating scales,...

Introduction Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by impairments in social interaction and restricted interests. It has been reported that oxytocin may improve processing of social cues and emotions in adults with ASD. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects and safety of intranasal oxytocin in this popu...

Introduction: Neuropsychological deficits in areas of Executive Functioning (EF), theory of mind, and central coherence have been well-documented among children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, there remains a significant gap in knowledge with regards to neuropsychological profile in adults with ASD. This study aims to...

Intellectual disability (ID) is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition involving deficits in both intellectual and adaptive functioning, with onset during the developmental period (from birth to 18 years of age). Individuals with ID experience a greater burden of co-occurring physical and mental illness compared to the general population, and freq...

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are the two most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders affecting communication and behavior. The co-occurrence of these conditions is probable and can contribute to several challenges in adaptive functioning and academic achievement. In this cross-sectional study, 1...

This study aims to introduce a specialized clinic for adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) launched in Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran, Iran, in 2019. The target group is male and female adults (age>18) with ASD. The main goal of this clinic is the diagnosis, comprehensive evaluation, and evidence-based treatments, including medication therapy and p...

Introduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts. Social camouflaging was first shown to be a characteristic of autistic persons, who actively try to disguise and compensate for their autism features in social contexts in an effort to socially...

This study represents the first attempt to explore teachers’ burnout experience during one of the most critical phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. The main goals were to estimate the prevalence of burnout in Iranian men and women teachers and analyse the association of sociodemographic variables on burnout levels. A total of 125 Iranian teach...

Background and Objective: This study compared children's eating behaviors, body mass index, and parents' feeding practices between typically developing (TD) children and children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Materials & Methods: In this descriptive study, 95 children with ADHD and 95 TD children aged 6 to 11 years were stud...

Family assessment and family therapy interventions are among the skills that a psychiatrist must learn. We aimed to design a blended family therapy training course for implementation in psychiatry residency program. Course design was based on the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) model. This course was implemented in...

Purpose The prevalence of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is rising. As children with ASD become adults, the need for appropriate physical and mental health care becomes more evident. Lack of knowledge and inadequate training about adult ASD can lead to discomfort in management and service delivery to this population. This study aims t...

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder. Various factors can delay the timely diagnosis of adult ADHD. The brown attention deficit disorder scales (BADDS) is a consistent measure of attention deficit disorder (ADD) across the life span. Objectives: This article aims to examine the reliabil...

Background and Objectives: There are several tests to determine the type and severity of aphasia, but they take a long time to administer when assessing aphasic patients. In recent years, the analysis of spontaneous speech has gained great attention because it is important to diagnose and follow post-treatment improvement in aphasic patients. This...

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by major deficiencies in two areas: social communication and restricted/ repetitive interests and behaviors. The severity of the disorder varies in people with ASD. According to new studies, the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in children in the United S...

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by major deficiencies in two areas: social communication and restricted/ repetitive interests and behaviors. The severity of the disorder varies in people with ASD. According to new studies, the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in children in the United S...

Autoimmune psychosis

Background: There is increasing attention toward the recognition of psychotic disorders with autoimmune etiologies, especially among first-episode psychosis patients. These patients may be underdiagnosed before they develop a full range of neurological symptoms. Objectives: We aimed to characterize the rate and clinical presentations of first-episo...

overview of SUD in children and adolescents

Abstract Introduction: There has been a breakthrough in treating MDD since introduction of FDA approved repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) intervention in 2008. However, the many sessions of treatment and its cost makes it inconvenient for those who seek treatment especially in large cities and also in developing countries. Method...

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex heterogeneous clinical entity with many overlaps and comorbidities with other psychiatric and developmental disorders. Adults with ASD lack adequate access to facilities and supports. This article describes the clinical profile of the first 34 patients admitted to Roozbeh adult ASD clinic during a 12-mont...

Several studies over the past two decades have investigated the neuropsychological deficits in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but much less has been done on adults. This study aimed to assess the deficits in executive functions of adults with ADHD, especially in the areas of attention, inhibition, impulsivity, and pl...

Background: Iran has been faced with an emerging epidemic of methamphetamine (MA) use during recent years. No effective pharmacotherapy has been identified for MA treatment; and psychological interventions are the only available effective treatment. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of extended-release methylphenidate...

Several studies over the past two decades have investigated the neu- ropsychological deficits in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but much less have been done on adults. This study aimed to assess the deficits in executive functions of adults with ADHD, especially in the areas of attention, inhibition, impulsivity, and...

A phenomenological study was conducted to explore the lived experience of pregnancy in Iranian adolescent mothers. Participants were recruited from three healthcare centers in Ahvaz, Iran. Data were collected through semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with eleven adolescents who had experienced their first pregnancy. A thematic analysis appro...

Objectives: This study evaluated the psychometrics of the Farsi translation of diagnostic interview for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults (DIVA-5) based on DSM-5 criteria. Methods: Referrals to a psychiatric outpatient clinic ( N = 120, 61.7% males, mean age 34.35 ± 9.84 years) presenting for an adult ADHD (AADHD) diagnosis,...

Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) rely on "explicit learning" strategies in decision making. It is suggested that periods of brief distraction (in healthy individuals) result in better decisions in complex situations. It can be hypothesized that periods of unconscious thought would not lead to better decisions due to impairment o...

Background: There is a wealth of research done in developed countries on the investigation of the working memory (WM) performance in people with high-functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) (IQ>70), with different reported findings. There is a dearth of similar studies in developing countries. In addition, the findings suggest that WM is possi...

Abstract In recent years, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been used as a safe and non-invasive method for children and adolescents with dyslexia. Our aim in this study was to investigate the effect of tDCS on variables of temporal resolution and speech long-latency auditory-evoked potentials with two electrode arrays on superior...

Introduction: As schizophrenia is a complex mental disorder and the outcome of gene-gene-environmental interactions, there are different possible pathophysiological mechanisms in different schizophrenia subtypes corresponding to various risk factors. This study was aimed at examining the impact of one of the most likely interactions, that is, 'dop...

In recent years, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been used as a safe and non-invasive method for children and adolescents with dyslexia. Our aim in this study was to investigate the effect of tDCS on variables of temporal resolution and speech long-latency auditory-evoked potentials with two electrode arrays on superior temporal...

/Users/drrad/Desktop/Promotion/rahimi2019.pdf

Purpose This study aims to explore how psychiatric residents and nurses experience the conditions of psychiatric emergency services. Design and Methods This qualitative study was carried out using content analysis. Data were collected through unstructured interviews conducted during three focus groups. Findings The results of the focus groups wer...

45 Artículo de investigación The relationship between psychopathology by abusing smoking, alcohol, and drugs in boy teenagers of Ahvaz city La relación entre la psicopatología y el abuso del tabaco, el alcohol y las drogas en los adolescentes varones de la ciudad Ahvaz A relação entre a psicopatologia e a droga do tabaco, o álcool e as drogas nos a...

Background: Past studies have documented working memory impairment in participants with high-functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders (IQ>70), but inconsistent findings have been reported. One possibility is the existence of verbal responses in the evaluation of working memory performance. The aim of the current study is to examine the working memory...

Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor (NTRK1) gene. CIPA is accompanied by abnormal catecholamine metabolism and decreased blood concentration of dopamine and norepinephrine. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (AD...

Extended Abstract 1. Introduction Psychiatric disorders have a high prevalence and impose a huge burden to societies all over the world. Despite the recent trend to develop community-based psychiatry services, hospital-based services are still an inevitable part of treatment process, especially for patients in acute phases. Nowadays, interventions...

45 Artículo de investigación The relationship between psychopathology by abusing smoking, alcohol, and drugs in boy teenagers of Ahvaz city La relación entre la psicopatología y el abuso del tabaco, el alcohol y las drogas en los adolescentes varones de la ciudad Ahvaz A relação entre a psicopatologia e a droga do tabaco, o álcool e as drogas nos a...

چکیده مقدمه: برنامهریزی ترخیص را میتوان به عنوان یک فرآیند پویا، جامع و مشارکتی تعریف نمود که از زمان بستری آغاز شده و هدف آن تعیین روند ادامه¬ی درمان مراجعان پس از ترخیص و ارایه¬ی خدمات و حمایتهای لازم به مراجع و مراقبان وی است. اخیراً تاثیر مثبت برنامهریزی ترخیص بر شاخصهایی چون بستری مجدد، پایبندی به درمان، طول بستری، هزینههای درمان، بهبود علایم...

Objective: Development of early social skills in children is a complex process. To understand this process, it is important to assess how strengths or weaknesses in other developmental domains may be affected by these skills. The present study aimed at investigating the association of motor skills and imitation ability with early social communicati...

Burnout among teachers: A Portuguese-Iranian Comparison

In the past two decades, the complex syndrome of burnout has been the focus of attention from researchers worldwide. Burnout syndrome can be defined as the result of long-term occupational stress and arises from unsuccessful coping strategies to deal with stress. As a psychosocial phenomenon, burnout is mainly present among human service workers, n...

Objectives Mental illnesses are common among outpatient clinics, but only some of these patients receive adequate treatments and attend. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the dropout rate and identify the predictors of dropouts in outpatient clinics in Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital. Methods A questionnaire designed by expert psychiatrists was...

Congenital Insensitivity to Pain with Anhidrosis (CIPA) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder associated with mutation in the Neurotrophic Tyrosine-Kinase Receptor (NTRK1) gene. CIPA is accompanied by abnormal catecholamine metabolism and decrease of blood concentration of dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE). Attention Deficit Hyperactiv...

Background: The need for mental health care among children and adolescents in Iran, as in other low and middle income countries (LAMIC) remains mostly unmet. In this paper, we sought to provide an overview of the extent of unmet need and mental health services in Iran. We also aimed to propose approaches to address this gap. Method: We reviewed...

Introduction: This study was aimed to compare the efficacy and side effects of memantine, an antagonist of the NMDA receptor of glutamate, with risperidone given the fact that glutamate has been noted for its possible effects in the pathogenesis of autism. Risperidone, an atypical antipsychotic, has been approved by FDA for the management of irrita...

Early marriage is a worldwide problem associated with a range of health and social consequences for teenage girls. Designing effective health interventions for managing early marriage needs to apply the community-based approaches. However, it has received less attention from policymakers and health researchers in Iran. Therefore, the current study...

Background: Teenage pregnancy is a major health problem significantly associated with negative impacts on the health of both teenage mothers and their newborn. However, little is known about teenage pregnancy from teenager's perspective, particularly in developing countries including Iran. Aim: This study aimed to explore the experience of pregn...

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Objectives: Lexical access is the process by which the basic conceptual, syntactical and morpho-phonological information of words are activated. Most studies of lexical access have focused on picture naming. There is hardly any previous research on other parameters of lexical access such as verbal fluency and analysis of connected speech in Persian...

Aim: Lexical access is the process by which the basic conceptual, syntactical and morpho_phonological information of words are retrieved. Most studies of lexical access have focused on picture naming. There is hardly any previous research on other parameters of lexical access such as qualitative analysis of connected speech, repetition and verbal f...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of risperidone in patients afflicted by autistic disorder especially with regards to its three core symptoms, including "relating to others", "communication skills", and "stereotyped behaviors" based on Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). An 8-week open-label study of risperidone for treatme...

Background:

Abstract Objectives: Severe and nonepisodic irritabilities are prevalent in 3.3% of children and needs intensive clinical care. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) lacks any guidance on their diagnosis and this has led to controversies among clinicians in their diagnosis and treatment. Workgroups of DSM-5 have tried to remov...

Stuttering is a complex speech disorder. There are two forms of stuttering: developmental stuttering and acquired stuttering. Developmental stuttering is a disorder of early childhood but acquired stuttering can develop at any age. Some medications can induce or deteriorate stuttering as an adverse effect. There are several reports of stuttering du...

Objective: To compare the effects of topiramate versus valproate sodium as an add-on therapy to a combination of lithium and risperidone (Li+Ris) on body weight and serum lipid profile in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder. Methods: In a single-blind randomized clinical trial, thirty children and adolescents with bipolar disorder typ...

To assess the pattern of substance use disorder (SUD) in adolescents with and without history of attention - deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using an Iranian sample in the context of a cultural background and drug availability is differing from Western countries. In this case- control study, the participants were interviewed by a child psyc...

___________________________________________________________________________________________ Objective: The Child behavior checklist (CBCL) is a comprehensive symptom rating scale in child and adolescent psychiatry and a major instruments being used in cross-cultural studies. This study was done to determine the symptom profile of a community sample...

Clinical characterization

Pathophysiology of ADHD

The main aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of reboxetine, a specific noradrenergic reuptake inhibitor, in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In a double blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, the efficacy of 8 mg/day of reboxetine (twice daily) was compared with placebo in 40 adults diagnosed with ADHD during...

The aim of this study was to assess whether primary health care settings can be used to engage and provide a preventive intervention to mothers of young children. Two hundred and twenty-four mothers who had come to the health centers were randomly assigned to either control group (CG: n=116) or intervention group (IG: n=108). Mothers in IG were tau...

Objective: Poor premorbid adjustment has been reported to be a predictor of more severe psychotic symptoms and poor quality of life in such psychotic disorders as schizophrenia. However, most studies were performed on chronic schizophrenic patients, and proposed the likelihood of recall biases and the effect of chronicity. The aim of this study was...

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in blue are added to the original document and are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately. This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-...

This is the first study on the duration of untreated psychosis and pathways to care among patients with first-episode psychosis in Iran as a developing country. Ninety-one patients with a first episode of non-organic psychosis admitted to a university-affiliated psychiatric hospital in Iran were assessed for duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), p...

Executive function deficits have been described in early and continuously treated patients with phenylketonuria (PKU). The aim of this study was to examine performance on executive function tasks of treated patients with PKU diagnosed by 2 years of age. Ten patients with PKU and normal intelligence score who were diagnosed before the age of 2 years...

Background: The validity and reliability of a Persian version of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and