Jaroslaw Markowski

• Doctor of Engineering
• Professor (Associate) at Poznań University of Technology

This study investigates a scalable, off-grid, renewable energy system that uses anion exchange membrane hydrogen electrolyzers to produce hydrogen. The integrated components are a photovoltaic installation, a battery, a hydrogen electrolyzer, intermediate tanks to store the hydrogen that is transferred from the electrolyzer, and two stages of highp...

This paper presents comprehensive investigations into methanol-reformer fuel cells based on using an H3 5000 power source as a recharging unit for an electric car battery. The electrical investigations into the 5 kW high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFC) stack under variable electrical loads were carried out in parallel wit...

This article presents the results of experimental investigations on an advanced model of a polymer exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack designed to serve as a charging unit for electric vehicle batteries or off-grid distributed power sources. The assembled 720 W PEMFC stack comprises two 360 W modules that can be electrically connected in seri...

Generating clean energy is necessary due to the increasing demand resulting from the development of human civilization and the global economy. The generation of clean energy is justified by the need to reduce the negative impact on the natural environment. Every action aimed at converting one form of energy into another carries consequences related...

The intensification of environmental protection measures is being implemented in all economic and industrial activities. The goal of reducing harmful emissions from various types of combustion engines used in different applications is being pursued dynamically. The introduced changes concern the values of harmful emission limits and the methods of...

Measurement of the calorific value of fuels with the use of the present calorimeter structures requires specific conditions and takes a relatively long time. These requirements are related to the assurance of appropriate environmental parameters, i.e. temperature, air humidity in the room within a narrow range of variability, which means there is a...

The assessment of the physicochemical parameters of fuels is particularly important in energy generation processes implemented using combustion processes. The calorific value of the fuels used is important in these processes. The calorific value of fuel is the basic parameter from which the mass of fuel necessary to generate a certain amount of ene...

There has been a gradual increase in the field of parts recovery from cars that are withdrawn from use. However, the disposal of automotive shredder residue (ASR) still remains a significant problem. ASR is refuse derived fuel (RDF), which contains mainly plastics, fiber sponges, and rubbers in different proportions, and therefore a thermal treatme...

The issue of measuring and determining the calorific value of fuels is related to thermodynamic analysis of the effects of the combustion process aimed at determining the amount of heat transferred to the environment. Currently, there are several methods for determining the calorific value of fuels and their methodology is related to the type of fu...

Pollution emission tests from turbine engines used for the main propulsion of vessels require measurement of the concentration of harmful compounds in the exhaust and assessment of the exhaust gases mass generated by the engine. The concentration of harmful compounds can be determined in a direct way by measuring it in the stream of exhaust gases....

The state of environmental pollution brought about as a result of the modern civilization has been monitored, in the interests of the environment and human health, since the seventies of the last century. Ensuring the energy security is one of the most basic existential requirements for a functional civilized society. The growing civilizational nee...

The increasing transport needs of societies are prompting manufacturers and inventors to seek new ways to satisfy them which are closely related to the development of new transport systems and means of transport. The current level of technological and social systems imposes limits on the implementation of new concepts which combine the advantages o...

Pollution emission tests from turbine engines used for the main propulsion of vessels require measurement of the concentration of harmful compounds in the exhaust and assessment of the exhaust gases mass generated by the engine. The concentration of harmful compounds can be determined in a direct way by measuring it in the stream of exhaust gases....

Safety of air operations remains critically important in all branches of aviation. Both the maintenance and operating procedures standards are based on the identification of threats and proven strategies aimed at their elimination. Deviations from standard procedures lead to aviation accidents; therefore flight data monitoring (FDM) is a process re...

The specificity of measurements of the concentration of harmful exhaust components of turbine engines used for propulsion of aircraft is connected with tests carried out in stationary conditions during engine tests. The conditions of engine load during the test and the concentration of harmful exhaust compounds determined during the measurements ma...

The paper presents the plan and results of tests of emission of harmful compounds in the exhaust of a gas turbine engine. The aim of the research is to determine the relationship between the engine operation parameters and the emission level of harmful exhaust gas compounds. An analysis was also made of the possibility of measuring concentrations o...

The assessment of emissions of harmful compounds contained in exhaust gases generated by aircraft engines refers to turbine engines with high thrust and high power. This evaluation is carried out according to the stationary test procedure in accordance with the LTO (Landing / Take-off cycle) test. Such procedures do not apply to small aircraft with...

Emission of harmful compounds in the exhaust gases depends on the operating conditions of the engine and its technical condition. Therefore, the legislative activity is focused on the introduction of new diagnostic and research procedures. The preferred method is using probes with plurality of holes for multi-gas sampling from the entire cross-sect...

Evaluation of the exhaust emissions from aircraft engines applies to turbine engines with high values of thrust and power. This assessment is conducting on the basis of the guidelines contained in the standards introduced by ICAO Annex 16. It concerns the procedure for stationary tests according to the Landing/Take-off cycle (LTO). This test includ...

Air transport is the youngest and most dynamically developing branch of transport. Growth in demand for air transport, both passenger and freight, is caused by the competitiveness of this branch primarily in terms of time and transport safety. An increase in the volume of air traffic is associated with increased emissions, which is particularly imp...

The issue of exhaust gas emission generated by turbine engines described in ICAO Annex 16 of the International Civil Aviation Convention includes a number of procedures and requirements. Their implementation is aimed at determining the value of the engine’s environmental parameters and comparing them to the values specified in the norms. The turbin...

The problem of turbine microjet engine operation is related to flight conditions of unmanned aircraft. These flights are often performed at low altitudes, where, in autumn and winter conditions, the air can be characterized by high humidity and low temperature. Such operating conditions may cause freezing the turbine engine inlet. In particular, th...

The introduction of new emission limits for exhaust emissions of ship engines contributes to the development of new powertrain solutions. New solutions in the simplest approach concern the reduction of the concentration of sulfur in motor fuels. Typically, the aforementioned fuels have a lower value of viscosity which causes a number of supply syst...

The article presents the results of studies conducted in the area adjacent to the airport located in Poznan, to determine the impact of aircraft landing operation on the concentration of particulate matter. Measurements were carried out using Engine Exhaust Particle Sizer Spectrometer 3090, enabling the measurement of the particle size distribution...

The article presents a study on emission measurements in passenger cars in tests conducted under real traffic conditions – Real Driving Emissions using a Portable Emission Measurement System type of equipment. A special feature of the outlined RDE tests is that they were performed in Polish road conditions, and thus their parameters may differ from...

Helicopters are used in a variety of tasks like sea, mountain and land search and rescue, civil transportation or military operations. Their amount is growing, their ceiling is usually low, however, the exhaust emission from their engines is not restricted by any directive. That is why an attempt was made to determine the real exhaust emission. The...

Engine operating conditions of the main propulsion, static in principle with steady-state rotation speed of the crankshaft and engine load, also work under dynamic load conditions. These conditions cause additional distortion of the crankshaft and changes in the operating conditions of the shaft bearings. However, the greatest impact on the long an...

The article presents an analysis of the size distribution of particulate matters emitted from jet engine. Measurements were carried out in stationary conditions simulating real operating conditions of the jet engine. The study was performed for the three initial phases of engine operation: start-up, warm-up and steady-state operation. The obtained...

In the process of determining emissions of internal combustion engines, it is necessary to measure the mass flow of exhaust gases. The methodology is based on the measurement of gas flow using modern-type flow meters EFM (Exhaust Flow Meter) which is perfect for motor vehicles. In the case of jet engines additional difficulty arise involving relati...

The article presents the results of measurements exhaust emissions from jet engine GTM-120. The test stand was equipped with basic sensors: shaft speed, exhaust gas temperature and thrust. The test engine was powered by Jet A-1 fuel with 50-percent addition of bioester. During the study the concentration of major harmful gaseous compounds: carbon d...

Exhaust emissions tests of engines for various applications are related to determination the concentration of harmful compounds and the mass of flowing exhaust. Modern measuring equipment enables fast measurement the concentration of compounds in the exhaust and also allows measurement the mass of flowing exhaust but with a relatively low speed. Th...

Observation and analysis the emission tests made under real traffic conditions, shows that most of them have a tendency for measurements in urban or suburban areas characterized by undifferentiated topography. This article presents the results of research carried out under real motion of the vehicle in the mountainous terrain, taking into account i...

The paper discusses the possibility of a synthetic approach to the problem of exhaust emissions measurements from piston aviation engines used in small general aviation aircrafts. The realization of this approach is a result of an analysis of the needs of identification and evaluation of the aircraft ecological performance under actual operating co...

Works related to identification of exhaust emissions from aviation engines have continued since the second half of the last century. These works focus on high-thrust turbine engines. For this group testing and standardization procedures have been developed containing the admissible limits of exhaust components. Since 2007 works have been underway r...

The paper presents the results of investigations and analyses related to the potential for use of the JET A-1 with an oxygen additive (CH3(OCH2CH2)3OCH3) in small turbine engine. An evaluation has been performed of the influence of different contents of the additive on the particle emission. Tests of the particle emissions in the exhaust gases were...

The operation of military aircraft is associated with the realization of objectives that are connected with national defence. Particular importance is attributed to the defence of national borders and airspace. In the realization of the above, one of the best are multirole jet fighter planes such as F16. A continuous readiness of the aircraft to pe...

This paper presents the results of the tests on the exhaust emissions from a turboprop engine used for the propulsion of PZL W-3 Sokol helicopter. The tests were conducted in pre-flight conditions. The paper presents the test results and their analysis that enabled the determining of the values of the brake-specific emissions at selected load point...

The paper presents a new method for assessment of combustion process correctness taking place in CI engines, based on the expanded vibroacoustic signal analysis. The method uses chosen non-linear, spectrum and time-frequency analyses of the signal. Diagnostics of the correctness of the above main engine process and misfire detection for engines at...

The paper describes the problem of the combustion process diagnostics dedicated for CI engines with direct injection of HDV vehicles in the aspect of misfire detection monitor application for OBD and EOBD systems. The monitor is based on the vibroacoustic signal utilization. Because of that, frequency method and the method of time-frequency paramet...

Due to a rapid development of air transportation there is a need for the assessment of real environmental risk related to the aircraft operation. The emission of carbon monoxide and particulate matter is still a serious threat-constituting an obstacle in the development of combustion engines. The applicable regulations related to the influence of t...

In order to measure the concentration of exhaust emissions a mobile emission testing analyzer SEMTECH DS by SENSORS Inc was used. In the study the results of the vehicle emission tests in the road conditions were presented, as this was the only way to obtain the information on real vehicle emissions. They include information on the emissivity of th...

Due to a rapid development of air transportation there is a need for the assessment of real environmental risk related to the aircraft operation. The main environmental perils are the toxic exhaust emissions. The paper presents the results of the emission tests of a small airplane engine under real operating conditions.

The paper presents the assessment of operating parameters for piston combustion engines used in sports vehicles. The assessment was made for parameters of selected performance vehicles: Formula 1, Le Mans and WRC in relation to conventional vehicles. The conventional vehicles were classified within two categories: sports vehicles and general use ro...

In reference to the paper “The application of gas dissolved in fuel with a view to improve the mechanism of spraying“ [1], this article continues with the issue of spray mechanism improvements. It includes the results of tests with a one-cylinder CI engine powered with a solution of diesel oil and air. The proposed changes in the spray mechanism we...

In the non-equilibrium states of a solution, formed as a result of dissolving gas in a liquid, the gaseous phase is spontaneously released from the solution. This process has a volumetric character and at the appropriate kinetics it is strong enough to be accompanied by the effervescence (bubbling) of the liquid. The authors have undertaken an atte...

The paper presents a concept of improving the injection and spraying processes with the use of the oxygen dissolved in the diesel fuel and the results of experimental investigations carried out in order to verify it. The combustion process of the direct injection compression-ignition engine being normally performed at a high excess of combustion ai...