Jarosław Kantorowicz

Leiden University | LEI

This study on the role of the EU in G20 has been conducted for the European Parliament (Directorate General for Internal Policies, Policy Department A: Economic and Scientific Policy). This study forms part of a series of nine studies on the role of the European Union in international economic prepared at the request of the Committee on Economic an...

This article studies the causal effect of electoral systems on fiscal outcomes using an empirical design exploiting a discontinuity in the application of electoral rules in Polish municipalities in the period 2002-2014. In that period, municipalities followed either majoritarian or proportional (PR) systems, depending on the population size. The ar...

Federalism is the most prominent governance structure that enables the aggregation of mass areas under one government. Federalism is a more complex form of governance than a unitary system. Under a federal structure of government the activities are constitutionally divided (or shared) between constituent governments and a central government, implyi...

Terrorism only poses a small risk to people but tends to be a major source of public fear. Through fear, terrorism has far-reaching impli-cations for public governance. ln this paper we look at trust in government as a potential mitigating factor of fear of terrorism. We discern between calculative trust, based on analytical assessment of previous...

We apply a regression discontinuity design to verify how constitutional rules, such as electoral systems, shape budget revenues at the subnational governmental level. We take advantage of a natural experiment involving an institutional reform at the local level in Poland. The reform introduced two electoral rules, which changed according to an exog...

The COVID-19 pandemic posed new challenges for leaders, requiring behavior change and public self-compliance. Stereotypically feminine qualities, such as compassion and a good approach to people, may have helped achieve these goals, rendering the pandemic a “feminine crisis.” The special nature of this crisis, along with media attention on female-l...

Proportional representation electoral systems were long argued to increase the share of women, compared with majoritarian systems. However, recent studies provide strong evidence that, usually, less women are elected in open-list proportional representation than in closed-list proportional representation. In this study, we test whether open-list pr...

Federalism is a constitutionalized version of multi-tier governance. Proponents of veto-player theory argue that a high number of veto players leads to a high degree of policy stability. Compared to states with a unitary structure, federal countries, in which at least one sub-central level of government is constitutionally recognized and endowed wi...

The public tends to underestimate the level of public debt. Can information about the actual level of indebtedness in one's own country, or elsewhere, make people more supportive of restrictive fiscal policies such as stringent fiscal rules? To answer this question, we run a set of well-powered survey experiments on quota-representative samples of...

This paper examines the meaning of violence in contemporary Western societies. Scholars have argued that in contemporary Western societies, the concept is expanding toward a broader understanding of violence, beyond its “traditional” usage in the context of crime and war. The current paper aims to generate empirical evidence that speaks to this que...

This article examines the efforts towards implementing minimum labor standards in global supply chains through the lens of corporate social responsibility. The adoption of supplier codes of conduct has driven efforts to monitor and enforce standards within these chains. Nonetheless, challenges persist in translating commitment into action, giving r...

Climate change is currently one of humanity’s greatest threats. To help scholars understand the psychology of climate change, we conducted an online quasi-experimental survey on 59,508 participants from 63 countries (collected between July 2022 and July 2023). In a between-subjects design, we tested 11 interventions designed to promote climate chan...

The rule of law is a foundational concept of state governance, admired for its ideals but also subject to significant controversy, particularly concerning its precise definition. Given the complexity of this evolving field, both in theory and practice, our article systematically analyzes the existing academic literature on the rule of law, focusing...

This proof-of-concept study addresses the multifaceted nature of the rule of law through two main objectives. First, it measures the concept’s meaning across different European jurisdictions using word embeddings (vectors) and tests various conjectures derived from discussions on legal traditions. Second, employing word vectors it recalibrates the...

Significant scholarly effort has been dedicated to defining the rule of law. The prevailing view in the literature is that the rule of law is a highly multidimensional and, as some suggest, an essentially contested concept. In this study, we employ advanced text-as-data methods, specifically diachronic word embeddings, to shed light on what the rul...

Perceived legitimacy of courts is important for their functioning. This might be especially relevant for courts enforcing international criminal law. Those courts depend on cooperation of other states, where policymakers are often accountable to their publics. Yet little is known about how the public in different countries perceives the courts that...

Democratic and rule of law backsliding are observed worldwide, but in Europe these tendencies are particularly salient as they endanger the entire European Union's cohesion. Poland, along with Hungary, has for years been perceived as a member state where the rule of law was in alarming decline. We attempt to understand what enabled this backsliding...

As the year 2020 marks the 60th anniversary of the landmark paper in the Law & Economics (L&E) field by Ronald Coase—The Problem of Social Cost—we provide a systematic bibliometric analysis of the development of this field over the years. We look at the output and input side of knowledge production in the field of L&E. The former consists of the vo...

Effectively reducing climate change requires marked, global behavior change. However, it is unclear which strategies are most likely to motivate people to change their climate beliefs and behaviors. Here, we tested 11 expert-crowdsourced interventions on four climate mitigation outcomes: beliefs, policy support, information sharing intention, and a...

Activist groups debate the complex connection between climate change and migration but generally agree on the normative value of describing those migrants as “environmental refugees.” They argue that using such a term, even though unrecognized under international law, might increase the urgency of this issue in the eyes of the public. Does the term...

Climate change is currently one of humanity’s greatest threats. To help scholars understand the psychology of climate change, we conducted an online quasi-experimental survey on 59,508 participants from 63 countries (collected between July 2022 and July 2023). In a between-subjects design, we tested 11 interventions designed to promote climate chan...

We examine the contribution of institutional reforms to economic growth. To this end, we distinguish between several classes of institutional reform in the approach to economic liberalisation. Based on a sample of 24 current and former transition economies for the period 1980–2016, we estimate the counterfactual scenarios related to each distinctiv...

Effectively reducing climate change requires dramatic, global behavior change. Yet it is unclear which strategies are most likely to motivate people to change their climate beliefs and behaviors. Here, we tested 11 expert-crowdsourced interventions on four climate mitigation outcomes: beliefs, policy support, information sharing intention, and an e...

In democratic societies, governments cannot act in isolation from public opinion. This is especially true regarding terrorism, where public perception is the instrument targeted by terrorists to achieve their political goals. Nevertheless, governments must also be able to resist public pressure and preserve individual rights. All this suggests that...

This study analyzes supplier codes of conduct of multinational firms, with two main research objectives: (1) providing a description of supplier codes' content provisions, specifically focusing on the labor standards provisions included in these self‐regulatory policies, and (2) comparing code content across regions and sectors. To this end, the st...

International sanctions are commonly used when military intervention is particularly undesirable. The recent Russian invasion of Ukraine increased the saliency of sanctions, as well as their high domestic costs for the sender states. Democratic states require public support to sustain long and costly sanctions. Yet empirical research on public perc...

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all domains of human life, including the economic and social fabric of societies. One of the central strategies for managing public health throughout the pandemic has been through persuasive messaging and collective behaviour change. To help scholars better understand the social and moral psychology behind public...

Economic costs are a central political obstacle to investing in climate change mitigation and adaptation measures. Several studies now demonstrate that as costs increase, voters are less likely to support green initiatives. In this paper we argue that opposition to government green investments is conditional on the method of financing. Notably, bec...

Politicians are less likely to breach constitutional fiscal rules than statutory rules because the breach of constitutional rules arguably puts them in a more negative spotlight and hampers their re-election prospects. This is one of the main arguments for explaining why constitutional fiscal rules tend to be more effective in correcting for politi...

The European Parliament (EP) has seen a gradual increase in its powers since the introduction of direct elections in 1979. Scholars have focused on both individual-level and aggregate factors to explain turnout rates in EP elections over time, including increased levels of EU politicization and the rise in support for Eurosceptic parties. However,...

Politicians are less likely to breach constitutional fiscal rules than statutory rules because the breach of constitutional rules arguably puts them in a more negative spotlight and hampers their re-election prospects. This is one of the main arguments for explaining why constitutional fiscal rules tend to be more effective in correcting for politi...

This note provides a short description of how the 60% of GDP debt limit came about and was enshrined in the 1997 Constitution of the Republic of Poland.

Despite the importance and neutrality of constitutional rights, empirical research suggests that ideological inclinations unduly affect their assessment and application. In this study, we conducted two experiments in order to investigate the nature of the ideological bias in a constitutionally relevant decision (right‐to‐demonstration), and how to...

This initiative examined systematically the extent to which a large set of archival research findings generalizes across contexts. We repeated the key analyses for 29 original strategic management effects in the same context (direct reproduction) as well as in 52 novel time periods and geographies; 45% of the reproductions returned results matching...

This initiative examined systematically the extent to which a large set of archival research findings generalizes across contexts. We repeated the key analyses for 29 original strategic management effects in the same context (direct reproduction) as well as in 52 novel time periods and geographies; 45% of the reproductions returned results matching...

This initiative examined systematically the extent to which a large set of archival research findings generalizes across contexts. We repeated the key analyses for 29 original strategic management effects in the same context (direct reproduction) as well as in 52 novel time periods and geographies; 45% of the reproductions returned results matching...

Once vaccines against COVID-19 became available in many countries, a new challenge has emerged – how to increase the number of people who vaccinate? Different policies are being considered and implemented, including behaviourally informed interventions (i.e., nudges). In this study, we have experimentally examined two types of nudges on representat...

At the beginning of 2020, COVID-19 became a global problem. Despite all the efforts to emphasize the relevance of preventive measures, not everyone adhered to them. Thus, learning more about the characteristics determining attitudinal and behavioral responses to the pandemic is crucial to improving future interventions. In this study, we applied ma...

In this study, we examine how the two facets of the fear of terrorism—the affective and behavioural fears—shift over time. To this end, we use a unique longitudinal data set of a representative sample of 755 Dutch respondents, recruited from the Longitudinal Internet Studies for the Social Sciences Panel in the time period between November 2017 an...

In this study, we examine how the two facets of the fear of terrorism—the affective and behavioural fears—shift over time. To this end, we use a unique longitudinal data set of a representative sample of 755 Dutch respondents, recruited from the Longitudinal Internet Studies for the Social Sciences panel, in the time period between November 2017 an...

In this study, we examine how the security of tenure (proxied by both inter- and intra-party electoral advantage) affects the engagement and political performance of members of parliament (MPs). Using data from the lower chamber of parliament in Poland for the period 2005–2019, we provide evidence that intra-party electoral advantage correlates wit...

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all domains of human life, including the economic and social fabric of societies. One of the central strategies for managing public health throughout the pandemic has been through persuasive messaging and collective behavior change. To help scholars better understand the social and moral psychology behind public h...

The COVID-19 pandemic increased the saliency of an old phenomenon – conspiracy theories. In times of a global crisis and an unprecedented access to information, fake news seems to spread as fast as the virus. A global pandemic requires more than ever self-compliance. Only behavior change and vaccination on a large scale can bring us to normality. Y...

Conjoint experiments are a standard tool to measure (stated) preferences in the context of multidimensional choices on issues ranging from immigration to democratic innovations. This case study demonstrates how to design and effectively deploy a (survey embedded) conjoint experiment. Practical recommendations are offered along with the conjoint exp...

Citizens that tend to experience political exclusion are often more supportive of direct and participatory forms of decision-making. We empirically verify two competing explanatory logics for such high support: the “anti-establishment” logic, which expects politically excluded citizens to unconditionally express more support than their fellow citiz...

Changing collective behaviour and supporting non-pharmaceutical interventions is an important component in mitigating virus transmission during a pandemic. In a large international collaboration (Study 1, N = 49,968 across 67 countries), we investigated self-reported factors associated with public health behaviours (e.g., spatial distancing and str...

As the year 2020 marks the 60th anniversary of the landmark paper in the Law & Economics (L&E) field by Ronald Coase – The Problem of Social Cost – we provide a systematic bibliometric analysis of the development of this field over the years. We look at the output and input side of knowledge production in the field of L&E. The former consists of th...

This paper aims to track the persistent effects of Poland's partitions on fiscal policy outcomes, in the form of property tax rates. By using spatial regression discontinuity design, the paper demonstrates that rates of property taxes levied on residential buildings are roughly 12% larger in the municipalities located just to the west of the former...

As the year 2020 marks the 60th anniversary of the landmark paper in the Law & Economics field by Ronald Coase - The Problem of Social Cost - we provide a systematic bibliometrics analysis of the development of this field over the years. We look at the output and input sides of knowledge production. The former consists of the volume of production a...

Behavioral interventions in general, and nudges in particular have become in recent years a popular (soft) regulatory instrument all around the world. Despite the excitement around this policy-relevant field, some concerns have been raised. Nudges utilize behavioral biases in order to direct an individual's behavior. People, however, are usually no...

Despite the importance and neutrality of constitutional rights, empirical research suggests that ideological inclinations unduly affect their assessment and application. This problem might exacerbate in times of increased political and ideological polarization as we witness nowadays in many countries. In this paper, we conducted two experiments whe...

Why do citizens (not) support democratic innovations? Existing research shows that citizens mostly support such new ways of involving citizens in policy-making for instrumental reasons: the more a democratic innovation leads to outcomes they favour, the more likely they are to express support for it. However, it remains ambiguous why citizens care...

Real-time social media data hold great conceptual promise for research and policymaking, but also face substantial limitations and shortcomings inherent to processing re-purposed data in near-real-time. This paper aims to fill two research gaps important for understanding utility of real-time social media data for policymaking: What policy-relevant...

How can we maximize what is learned from a replication study? In the creative destruction approach to replication, the original hypothesis is compared not only to the null hypothesis, but also to predictions derived from multiple alternative theoretical accounts of the phenomenon. To this end, new populations and measures are included in the design...

How can we maximize what is learned from a replication study? In the creative destruction approach to replication, the original hypothesis is compared not only to the null hypothesis, but also to predictions derived from multiple alternative theoretical accounts of the phenomenon. To this end, new populations and measures are included in the design...

How can we maximize what is learned from a replication study? In the creative destruction approach to replication, the original hypothesis is compared not only to the null hypothesis, but also to predictions derived from multiple alternative theoretical accounts of the phenomenon. To this end, new populations and measures are included in the design...

There is an abundant empirical literature demonstrating party favoritism whereby the central government is prone to disburse financial transfers to favor aligned local governments. This contrasts with much scarcer evidence on reverse party favoritism, i.e. aligned local governments offering non-pecuniary support to the central government in times o...

There is an abundant empirical literature demonstrating party favoritism whereby the central government is prone to disburse financial transfers to favor aligned local governments. This contrasts with much scarcer evidence on reverse party favoritism, i.e. aligned local governments offering non-pecuniary support to the central government in times o...

There is an abundant empirical literature demonstrating party favoritism whereby the central government is prone to disburse financial transfers to favor aligned local governments. This contrasts with much scarcer evidence on reverse party favoritism , i.e. aligned local governments offering non-pecuniary support to the central government in times...

Dataset of 11,466 Speeches by European PMs and Presidents (mostly between 2008-2020).

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is a devastating global health crisis. Without a vaccine or effective medication, the best hope for mitigating virus transmission is collective behavior change and support for public health interventions (e.g., physical distancing, physical hygiene, and endorsement of health policies). In a large-scale international co...

Governments protect their people from terrorism threats using different counter-terrorism measures. However, if people focus on other elements of the attack than those justifying the specific counter-terrorism measures, policy makers might lack the support for their investments. Despite acknowledging the role of heuristics in perception, literature...

This case study will show you how to carry out a Regression Discontinuity Design by way of an example about voter turnout in elections. In 2002, municipalities in Poland were assigned to either a majoritarian or a proportional electoral system based on a population threshold of 20,000 inhabitants. This assignment by use of a population threshold in...

This review aims to map the literature on crisis and disasters by means of a machine-read assessment of the scholarly debate in these domains. The software analyzed abstracts of over 1,000 articles of four related crisis and disaster journals - to find out how the software categorizes their content in a set of topics, what the dominant topics of di...

With China rapidly expanding its aid programme in the Pacific Islands region, there is a growing concern among established powers about China’s sway over the aid-dependent Pacific Island states. Systematic studies of China’s development finance to the small island countries are, however, rare and generally limited to mapping Chinese finance flows i...

Behavioral interventions in general and nudges in particular have become in recent years a popular regulatory instrument all around the world. Despite the excitement around this policy relevant field, some concerns were raised. Nudges utilize behavioral biases in order to direct an individual's behavior to a certain desired decision by the governme...

This report demonstrates that the EU Member States vary with regard to store-based retail market integration (openness), measured in terms of economic contribution of foreign retailers to local retailing markets. While a high degree of integration, i.e. large presence and economic impact of foreign-controlled retailers, is observed in the Member St...

This short comment gives several directions on how Bruno Frey’s ideas on a democracy of the future could be further developed. It also asks a few questions with the aim of stimulating further discussion. Some examples are derived from the recent Turkish constitutional referendum and the current parliamentary situation in Poland.