Janusz Kulon

University of South Wales · Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science

The position of anchors in an ultrasonic positioning system has a significant impact on the performance of that system. This impact on performance can be in the form of positioning error, how large of a space the system can cover, and then the number of anchors required. A comparison of three different performance metrics for anchor position optimi...

Background and objective The paper presents a novel technique for the visualisation and measurement of anthropometric features from patients with severe musculoskeletal conditions. During a routine postural assessment, healthcare professionals use anthropometric measurements to infer internal musculoskeletal configuration and inform the prescriptio...

This paper develops a method for mitigating the negative effects of obstacles in narrowband, time division multiple access (TDMA), ultrasonic localization systems. The method builds upon the robust Bayesian classifier for ultrasonic localization (RoBCUL) algorithm which utilizes an iteratively reweighted least squares (IRLS) scheme. This algorithm...

In this study, for the purpose of the optimization of the measurement system performance, a three-dimensional numerical model of the particle charge and size analyzer (PCSA) is presented. The PCSA is capable of simultaneous particle size and charge measurement using phase Doppler anemometry. Numerical simulations of particle transport under the inf...

Purpose To measure the charge to mass (Q/M) ratios of the impactor stage masses (ISM) from commercial Flixotide™ 250 μg Evohaler, containing fluticasone propionate (FP), Serevent™ 25 μg Evohaler, containing salmeterol xinafoate (SX), and a combination Seretide™ 250/25 μg (FP/SX) Evohaler metered dose inhalers (MDIs). Measurements were performed wit...

This paper develops a novel algorithm for classifying and rejecting non-line-of-sight ultrasonic signals for use in indoor positioning and measurement systems. The algorithm consists of two parts, an initial probability estimate based upon signal amplitude followed by an iteratively reweighed least squares regression that utilizes the probabilities...

OsteoArthritis is a debilitating disease throughout the developed world, causing significant loss of quality of life to individuals and damaging economies, the imaging system described in this paper has the potential to provide an objective means of measuring and reporting lesion dimensions and providing a machine readable data archive for future s...

This paper addresses the problem of estimating the Doppler frequency in Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) systems by taking into account the effect of the particle trajectory via the measurement volume. The dependency of the burst length on the Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) and the Doppler frequency estimation is investigated by employing the 2D mode...

Interest in the nature of electrostatic charge build up on aerosol particles for inhalation has grown as pharmaceutical scientists seek to fully understand this complex phenomena and its influence on both pMDI and DPI performance. The net charge to mass ratios of aerosol particles have been measured with systems such as the ELPI and the eNGI. Bipol...

The minimum achievable uncertainty of the Doppler frequency estimation of any unbiased estimator is given by the Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB). In this paper, we consider the effect of the particle trajectory via the measurement volume on the CRLB by employing the 2D model of the Gaussian envelope of the Doppler Burst Signal (DBS). The simulation r...

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to present the design and implementation of a novel rule-based algorithm for the classification of sitting postures in the sagittal plane. The research focused on individuals with severe musculoskeletal problems and, thus, specific requirements for posture and pressure management. Clients' body shapes were capt...

This paper evaluates the performance of a bespoke signal processing algorithm based on spectral analysis to obtain aerosol particle charge distribution. The measurement method is based on tracking particle motion in square-wave excitation electric field using Phase Doppler Anemometry (PDA). The system performance has been tested using Monte Carlo s...

The purpose of this paper is to determine whether it is possible to use an automated measurement tool to clinically classify clients who are wheelchair users with severe musculoskeletal deformities, replacing the current process which relies upon clinical engineers with advanced knowledge and skills. Clients' body shapes were captured using the Car...

In this paper we propose a fast brain computer interface speller based on electroencephalography (EEG). The slow performance of conventional BCI spellers is overcome by combining the fast motor evoked potentials (MEPs) with the accuracy of P300 event related potentials. The μ rhythms associated with motor imagery are extracted using morlet wavalet...

This paper describes and compares two particle excitation methods, square and sine wave, used in conjunction with an application of phase Doppler anemometry to simultaneously obtain particle size and charge in real time. Different signal-processing strategies for particle velocity and size estimation are investigated, including quadrature demodulat...

In this paper, a numerical model of aerosol Particle Charge and Size Analyzer is discussed together with the simulation results. In order to determine the optimal range of system parameters, the effect of drive frequency, strength of the electric field, mean flow velocity on the particle count percentage have been investigated based on the specific...

This paper derives the Cramér-Rao Bound for the frequency estimation of the noisy Doppler Burst Signal from the Laser Doppler Anemometry. The problem is solved by considering the effect of the particle trajectory via the measurement volume together with the dependency of the burst length on the Doppler frequency. The results provide an analytical e...

This paper describes and compares two particle excitation methods, square and sine wave, used in conjunction with novel application of Phase Doppler Anemometry (PDA) to obtain particle size and charge simultaneously in real time. Different signal processing strategies for particle velocity and size estimation are investigated, including Quadrature...

This paper describes an integrated signal processing system based on Quadrature Demodulation (QD) and correlation techniques to obtain particle size and charge simultaneously using phase Doppler anemometry (PDA). By solving the equation of particle motion in an AC electric field combined with the measurement of its size and velocity, the magnitude...

The paper discusses a novel noninvasive method of measurement of a charge level on a population of particles using phase doppler anemometry (PDA). The PDA system is used to track the motion of charged particles in the presence of an electric field. By solving the equation of particle motion in a viscous medium combined with the simultaneous measure...

Current trends observed in air pollution control technology are closely related to the development of new, more efficient hybrid systems, i.e., those, which simultaneously utilize two or more physical mechanisms for dust or gaseous contaminants removal. These systems can operate more economically than conventional devices, especially in the removal...

This paper describes a knowledge-based design tool enabling the generation of hot forging die designs from a component profile. The system integrates the hot forging die design process into a single framework and guides the user through the design process enabling the generation of forgeable geometry from a component profile taking into account mac...

A multi-nozzle electrospray system was developed as a charged droplet source for cleaning a gas contaminated with fine particles. The efficiency of removal of fine particles from the gas can be significantly increased, as compared to uncharged sprays, when the droplets are electrically charged. In the presented experiments, the spray of the droplet...

The paper outlines the development of a knowledge-based engineering (KBE) system for hot forging design using state–of–the–art technology and the Internet. The benefits of a KBE approach over a traditional design process are emphasized. The aim of the proposed KBE system is to integrate the hot forging design process into a single framework for cap...

The effect of a shaped electrode geometry array on the dielectrophoretic transport and characterisation of nanometre-sized particles, including possible biological material, was investigated. Polarisable particles placed within a non-uniform electric field are subject to dielectrophoretic force acting upon them. Use was made of an electrode array t...

Liquid sprayed by the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) method is atomized only by electrical forces without additional mechanical energy applied. EHD spraying is an effective method for generating electrically charged aerosol. The effect of liquid viscosities on the spraying process was investigated experimentally for distilled water and ethylene glycol m...

Continual pressures, such as reducing time to market, have resulted in the increased use of virtual design and manufacturing tools such as the simulation of manufacturing process using FEA packages. The simulation of processes such as forging allows an assessment of the manufacturability of components to be made. The reliability and accuracy of res...

This paper presents the results of the experimental study on pharmaceutical powders using the Bipolar Charge Measurements System (BCMS) developed at Brunel University. The main function of the BCMS is to provide fast, simultaneous measurement capability of the bipolar charge fractions on pharmaceutical aerosols delivered from medical dispensers, pr...

The proposed noninvasive method of measurement of the charge level on a population of particles employs the phase Doppler anemometry (PDA) technique in conjunction with a high-resolution computer-controlled traversing system. The PDA system was used to track the motion of charged particles in the presence of a DC electric field. By solving the equa...

The removal of fine aerosol particles such as dust or smoke by charged droplets was investigated experimentally. The droplets were sprayed by a rotary atomiser and simultaneously charged inductively. The cigarette smoke was used as a source of submicrometer dust. Smoke was charged in a specially designed corona-discharge charger. The suppression of...

An array of microelectrodes was supplied with a dual-frequency electrical signal to create a non-uniform electric field that was used for a dielectrophoretic particle transport system. Dielectrophoretic force was used to convey sub-micron sized particles along the tips of electrodes. The particles were manipulated along an arrangement of fabricated...

The proposed noninvasive method of measurement of the charge level on a population of particles employs the phase Doppler anemometry (PDA) technique in conjunction with a high-resolution computer controlled traversing system. The PDA system was used to track the motion of charged particles in the presence of a DC electric field. By solving the equa...

This paper describes a novel automatic method for measurement of bipolar charge on aerosols. The developed system is dedicated to measuring aerosols existing in the form of short duration, high velocity plumes with a wide angle of particle dispersion. The system incorporates a front-end cylindrical arrangement consisting of two “D” shaped precipita...

This paper reports the development of a bipolar charge measurement system for aerosol characterization. The system incorporates a front-end cylindrical arrangement consisting of two “D”-shaped precipitation sections. Each of these sections incorporates wire electrodes maintained at a high potential of opposite polarity. The interface between the tw...

The purpose of the paper is to briefly review some of the methods used to obtain aerosol bipolar charge distribution and to describe a novel instrument developed at Brunel University. The bipolar charge aerosol classifier (BCAC) is an improved version of the authors' previously published bipolar charge measurement system (2001), eliminating some of...

This paper describes four signal processing systems based on Phase Locked Loop and Quadrature Demodulation techniques to obtain particle charge in DC and AC electric field. The charge measurement technique measures the charge level on a population of particles using Phase Doppler Anemometry (PDA). By solving the equations of particle motion in a vi...