Janmejai K. Srivastava, Ph.D. (Prof.J.K.Srivastava)

Amity University Uttar Pradesh , Lucknow Campus · Amity Institute of Biotechnology

The integral membrane proteins (IMP's) of promastigotes of two virulent strain of Leishmania (L.) donovani Dd8 and Leishmania (L.) infantum LV9 and one avirulent viscerotropic strain Leishmania tropica UR6 were extracted by phase separation technique using a non-ionic detergent "Triton X-114". This detergent is homogeneous at 0 degrees C but divide...

The prophylactic efficacy of autoclaved Leishmania donovani (ALD) and autoclaved L. major (ALM)--a heterologous vaccine developed against cutaneous leishmaniasis (used as a reference vaccine), along with BCG--was evaluated against L. donovani in hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). Animals were immunized with triple doses (21 days apart) of either ALD...

Indian langurs, which were previously reported to be highly susceptible, were infected intradermally using variable numbers of promastigotes along with different doses, 1/2 pair, 5 pairs and 10 pairs respectively of salivary gland lysate (SGL). Although, all the monkeys developed mild infection and remained subclinically infected throughout the obs...

Autoclaved Leishmania major (ALM) along with BCG, presently undergoing phase II clinical trial by WHO for its vaccine potential against cutaneous leishmaniasis, has been successfully evaluated in single and triple dose schedules against L. donovani in Indian langurs (Presbytis entellus). Encouraged with the results, another formulation alum-precipi...

We have previously reported that disease mimicking human visceral leishmaniasis can be established in Presbytis entellus, the Indian langur monkey, following a single intravenous challenge of 10(8) Leishmania donovani amastigotes. In the present report, infection was assessed in monkeys infected intravenously with a single dose of 10(8) amastigotes...

The global rise in industrialization and vehicularization has led to the increasing trend in the use of different crude oil types. Among these mobil oil has major application in automobiles and different machines. The combustion of mobil oil renders a non-usable form that ultimately enters the environment thereby causing problems to environmental h...

Microplastics have emerged as an ubiquitous pollutant with severe environmental and human health hazards. Over the decades encountering these pollutants, microorganisms have evolved with the tool(s) to degrade different classes of plastic polymers. Several enzymes including depolymerases and lipases have been studied for the reduction of plastic to...

Background Nigella sativa (NS), an herbaceous medicinal plant recognized for its diverse beneficial applications as a spice and traditional medicine. Objective The present study was targeted to explore the antioxidant potential of Nigella sativa in response to colchicine-induced mutation. The stress condition brought due to mutation may affect the...

Biosurfactants are molecules of 21st century. Their application(s) intercedes in daily life of living beings. The major limitation in the wide applicability of biosurfactant is the economicity of production. To overcome this several strategies can be employed. This review is centered on the recent technological advancements in biosurfactant researc...

The outbreak of novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has affected the entire world with its infectious spread and mortality rate. The severe cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are characterized by hypoxia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. In the absence of any specific treatment, just the preventive an...

The purpose of this present study was to reduce the pollution load of the tannery effluent through a cell immobilization approach using chromium tolerant bacteria isolated from tannery sludge. Among various initially isolated bacteria, strain IITR002 exhibited the highest pollution load reduction was characterized as Ochrobactrum intermedium by 16S...

Background Japanese encephalitis is an acute inflammatory disease caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). In this study we aim to determine the association of IL-6 (174) and IL-12B (1188A/C) gene polymorphisms with JEV susceptibility, disease severity and outcomes in north Indian population. Methods This study was performed an equal number of...

Nanomedicine has emerged as a lucrative option, which attracts the attention of scientific and industrial stalwarts for its enormous potential and new business opportunities in the health sector. Since it encompasses physical, chemical, and biological interventions used for the transformation of bulk materials into nanomaterials (NMs) with particle...

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are microbial-derived biopolymers exhibiting several advantages over the synthetic petroleum-based plastics. They are insoluble in water, nanosized discrete, and dense granules that are synthesized as energy reservoirs under nutrient-limiting conditions. Various bacterial genera such as Alcaligenes, Cupriavidus, Coryneb...

Adulteration is a term, where a food product fails to meet the legal standards. One form of adulteration is an addition of another substance to a food item in order to increase the quantity of the food item in raw form or prepared form, which may result in the loss of actual quality of food item. These substances may be either available food items...

The present study was aimed to identify the localization of thymoquinone in vegetative parts, viz. leaf, stem, root, flower forming bud, flower, and seed forming bud of Nigella sativa plant. Isocratic RP-HPLC method was used with mobile phase methanol/water 70:30, C-18 column, detection wavelength 254 nm (confirmed by spectrum scanning), flow rate...

The recent outbreak of the COVID-2019 (coronavirus disease 2019) due to the infectious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has realized the requirement of alternative therapeutics to mitigate and alleviate this lethal infection. These alternative therapies are effective when they are started at the initial stage of the infe...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2020.582025/full

Soil fulfills a wide-range of ecological services such as a platform towards biomass generation, a filter/buffer for water, main store of carbon, important source of nutrients in our foodstuff as well as medicines like antibiotic and so on. However, currently, soil pollution has become one of the alarming issues in most of the developed/developing co...

The present trend of fabricating non-degradable conventional plastics, i.e., petroleum-based plastics from ever-diminishing and environmentally unfriendly fossil fuel sources is unsustainable. Therefore, substituting petroleum-based plastics with biodegradable plastics like polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) can potentially diminish the release of greenh...

Two bacterial species with the ability to produce biosurfactants were isolated from a pesticide contaminated soil and identified as Planococcus rifietoensis IITR53 and Planococcus halotolerans IITR55. Formation of froth indicating the surfactant production was observed when grown in basal salt medium containing 2 % glucose. The culture supernatant...

The oxidant/antioxidant balance has been implicated in the pathophysiology of prostate cancer. We investigated oxidative damage and antioxidant status in high-risk prostate cancer subjects. Reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were measured in erythrocytes, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in leukocytes and plasma levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione...

Globally, nanotechnology has been materialized as a novel field of modern science in recent years owing to its exceptional properties with widespread applications. This field acts as an innovative platform for the tailoring of materials like metals at the atomic level so as to achieve exceptionally small size as well as large surface to volume rati...

The rising incidence of cryptococcosis in India is posing a serious threat. Due to lack of sensitive methods for diagnosis, high morbidity and mortality are associated with the disease. Early diagnosis is essential to prevent serious complications. Therefore, we attempted to find highly sensitive and specific detection methods. A comparative evalua...

Aging is a universally natural phenomenon which is associated with cognitive decline and several neurological disorders such as Alzheimer disease. As this phenomenon is inevitable, many factors affect the progression and development of age-associated cognitive decline. Among these factors, lifestyle pattern such as exercise and diet plays a major r...

Background: Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a quinic acid conjugate of caffeic acid. It is an ester formed between caffeic acid and the 3-hydroxyl of L-quinic acid. This polyphenol is naturally present in substantial amount in the green coffee beans. Minor quantities of CGA are also reported in apples, eggplant, blueberries, tomatoes, strawberries and po...

Fish cell lines have recently emerged as a promising model and a suitable substitute to the classical mammalian systems to study physiology, cancer biology and transgenics. In recent years, with the development and characterization of several fish cell lines, the scope of its vast applications in the study of biomedical research, toxicology, gene r...

Biosurfactants from the yeast strains Candida albicans SC5314 and Candida glabrata CBS138 were isolated and characterized. Surface tension of the cell-free broth was reduced from 72 N/m to 42 N/m and 55 N/m respectively. The biosurfactants showed emulsifying ability as the indices against castor oil were determined to be 51% and 53% for C. albicans...

Biopolymeric polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are fabricated and accumulated by microbes under unbalanced growth conditions, primarily by diverse genera of bacteria. Over the last two decades, microbially engineered PHAs gained substantial interest worldwide owing to their promising wide-range uses in biomedical field as biopolymeric biomaterials. Beca...

Rhamnolipid produced from a Lysinibacillus sphaericus IITR51 was characterized and its ability for dissolution of hydrophobic pesticides were evaluated. L. sphaericus produced 1.6 g/L of an anionic biosurfactant that reduced surface tension from 72 N/m to 52 N/m with 48% emulsification index. The biosurfactant was found stable over a wide range of...

Microorganisms especially bacteria and cyanobacteria have the ability to synthesize polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) granules as carbon and energy storage compounds within their cells. Owing to eco-friendly, biodegradability, modifiable mechanical properties, non-toxicity, biocompatibility, hydrophobicity, cellular growth support, piezoelectricity, att...

Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare the genetic features of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) and vancomycin-sensitive methicillin-resistant S. aureus (VS-MRSA) isolates. Methods: The presence of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) types, Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), accessor...

Conventional plastics such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, poly(vinyl chloride) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) are high molecular weights polymeric materials vary from 50,000 to 1,000,000 Da. They have attained unique position in modern material technology. They are omnipresent in today’s society with range from ordinary to high-tech...

Conventional plastics such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, poly(vinyl chloride), and poly(ethylene terephthalate) are high-molecular-weight polymeric materials which vary from 50,000 to 1,000,000 Da. They have attained unique position in modern material technology. They are omnipresent in today’s society with range from ordinary to hig...

Characterization of effective chemo-preventive agents for treatment of prostate cancer is an utmost priority. Diosmetin (5, 7-Trihydroxy-4′-methoxyflavone), a natural flavonoid present in citrus plant, has anti-mutagenic and anti-allergic properties. However, the anticancer properties of diosmetin have not been explored in prostate cancer. Present...

Introduction Meningitis, a morbidly infectious central nervous system pathology is accompanied by acute inflammation of the meninges, causing raised intracranial pressure linked with serious neurological sequelae. Objective To observe the variation in the metabolic profile, that may occur in serum and urine along with CSF in adults using 1H NMR spe...

A new continuous fibroblast cell line was established from the muscle tissue of healthy juvenile Danio rerio (Zebrafish) through explant method. Fish cell lines serve as useful tool for investigating basic fish biology, as a model for bioassay of environmental toxicant, toxicity ranking, and for developing molecular biomarkers. The cell line was co...

Chamomile is a centuries-old established traditional medicinal herb popular in the Western world. It is available in two varieties, namely German chamomile (Chamomilla recutita) and Roman chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile). The dry flower of chamomile contains approximately 120 secondary metabolites, comprising terpenoids and flavonoids, which contribu...

In 1981, George Streisinger, established the first zebrafish models and performed the pioneering works on its genetics and developmental biology. Charles Kimmel gave descriptions of the cellular fate map and the stages of development in embryos; and Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard was the one who performed a large-scale mutant screen in order to identi...

Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs), expressed on cells of the innate immune system, are the first line of host defense. Recognition of bacterial pathogens by the peritoneum is mediated in part by TLR. In this study, we investigated the role of TLR4 (Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile) and TLR2 (Arg677Trp and Arg753Gln) gene polymorphisms in end-stage ren...

Antimicrobial effects of copper ions and salts are well known, but the effects of cuprous oxide nanoparticles (Cu2O-NPs) on staphylococcal biofilm have not yet been clearly revealed. The present study evaluated Cu2O-NPs for antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against heterogeneous vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) and vanco...

Heterogeneous vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) strains are increasingly reported, and their association with vancomycin treatment failure is a well-known problem worldwide. A total of 500 clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus were screened for hVISA by four different methods from May 2011 to May 2014. The number...

Ubiquitous conventional plastics, generally manufactured from finite, non-sustainable fossil fuels are non-biodegradable wonder entities but their ill effect on Mother Nature has subsequently raised major environmental concerns like their safe disposal, solid waste management and several potential hazards. Such concerns have fuelled initiatives for...

Ubiquitous conventional plastics, generally manufactured from finite, non-sustainable fossil fuels are non-biodegradable wonder entities but their ill effect on Mother Nature has subsequently raised major environmental concerns like their safe disposal, solid waste management and several potential hazards. Such concerns have fuelled initiatives for...

Increased vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) levels in Staphylococcus aureus and their association with vancomycin treatment failure are well-known problems. Few studies have recognized progressive increases in glycopeptide MIC levels for S. aureus strains in recent years. This study determined glycopeptide and daptomycin susceptibil...

AimCytokines play a critical role in the pathophysiology of end stage renal disease (ESRD). Tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-á) is an important cytokine involved in initiation and progression of renal diseases. The present study evaluated the association of specific alleles/ genotype of TNF-á with chronic renal failure (CRF) and ESRD.MethodsA total of...

Proceedings: AACR 104th Annual Meeting 2013; Apr 6-10, 2013; Washington, DC Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among men in the United States. Epidemiological, experimental and clinical studies have implicated chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in the development and progression of prostate cancer. Diet, environmental car...

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of various human diseases. Aqueous chamomile extract is used as herbal medicine, in the form of tea, demonstrated to possess antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties. We demonstrate the cytoprotective effects of chamomile on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cellular damage in macrophage...

Protection of cells from oxidative insult may be possible through direct scavenging of reactive oxygen species, or through stimulation of intracellular antioxidant defense mechanisms by induction of antioxidant gene expression. In this study we investigated the cytoprotective effect of chamomile and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. The cytopro...

Chamomile has long been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammation-related disorders. In this study we investigated the inhibitory effects of chamomile on nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, and explored its potential anti-inflammatory mechanisms using RAW 264.7 macrophages. Chamom...

Chamomile is one of the most ancient medicinal herbs known to mankind. It is a member of Asteraceae/Compositae family and represented by two common varieties viz. German Chamomile (Chamomilla recutita) and Roman Chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile). The dried flowers of chamomile contain many terpenoids and flavonoids contributing to its medicinal proper...

This chapter focuses on the medicinal herb, chamomile and its health promoting properties in the older population. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is provided as an adjunct to mainstream medicine with the intention to provide symptom relief and improve quality of life. The different classes of bioactive compounds in chamomile are used...

Inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2) has been implicated in the process of inflammation and carcinogenesis. Chamomile has long been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. In this study we aimed to investigate whether chamomile interferes with the COX-2 pathway. We used lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 macro...

Dried flowers of Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) are largely used for their medicinal properties. In the present study, we examined the pharmacological properties of aqueous and methanolic fraction isolated from two varieties of German chamomile. HPLC-MS analysis of chamomile extract confirmed apigenin-7-O-glucoside as the major constituent of ch...

Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla), a popular herb valued for centuries as a traditional medicine, has been used to treat various human ailments; however, its anticancer activity is unknown. We evaluated the anticancer properties of aqueous and methanolic extracts of chamomile against various human cancer cell lines. Exposure of chamomile extracts c...

The investigation pertains to establishing a simulation methodology for understanding the flyash classification characteristics of a 76 and 50 mm diameter hydrocyclone where the work was carried out using commercially available CFD software. Comparative results on the simulated and experimental water throughput, split values are presented. Results...

One of the requisite of cancer chemopreventive agent is elimination of damaged or malignant cells through cell cycle inhibition or induction of apoptosis without affecting normal cells. In this study, employing normal human prostate epithelial cells (PrEC), virally transformed normal human prostate epithelial cells (PZ-HPV-7), and human prostate ca...

The efficacy of killed Leishmania donovani promastigotes in combination with Mycobacterium habana was assessed against L. donovani infection in golden hamsters. The prophylactic potential of the combined immunogens following challenge by L. donovani amastigotes was substantially enhanced (65.5%) as against any immunogen given singly. The specific h...

The protective potential of killed Leishmania major (ALM) along with BCG was evaluated against L. donovani in Indian langur monkeys in single and triple dose schedules. A delayed protection was observed in monkeys after a single dose schedule of ALM (3 mg)+BCG (3 mg) given intradermally 2 months before intravenous challenge with L. donovani. Triple...

Amino acids, individually as well as in a mixture were examined for their capability to support survival and ATP and glycogen levels of A. ceylanicum. The mixture was found as useful as glucose but only aerobically. Individually, aspartate and alanine were most active but could not sustain motility or ATP and glycogen levels as efficiency as glucos...

An indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test using Leishmania donovani promastigote and amastigote antigens for diagnosis of kala-azar was evaluated in a kala-azar endemic area of Bihar, India. The test was found to be highly sensitive and specific using the promastigote antigen. It was positive in about 99% of parasitologically proven cases (n = 10...

Methyl [5-[[4-(2-pyridinyl-1-piperazinyl] carbonyl]-1H- benzimidazol-2-yl] carbamate (CDRI Compound 81-470) exhibits a long prophylactic action against experimental ancylostomiasis, when given parenterally but not orally. To find out an explanation for such a behaviour, metabolic disposition studies were performed in hamsters using [3H] compound 81...

Comparative evaluation of the direct agglutination test (DAT) and dot-ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) in the serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) was carried out in Kala-azar endemic villages in Muzaffarpur and Sitamarhi districts of Bihar. Both the tests showed similar sensitivity in detecting the disease in 184 parasitolo...

To delineate mechanisms involved in the prophylactic action of methyl [5-[[4-(2-pyridinyl)-1-piperazinyl]-carbonyl]-1H-benzimidazol-2 yl] carbamate (compound 81/470) in hamster against Ancylostoma ceylanicum infection, plasma level of the compound and status of reactive oxygen metabolites in jejunum at different periods of the drug treatment were e...

An immunological test based on indirect (plate) ELISA has been successfully standardized and modified using promastigote soluble antigen. The test carried out on 813 subjects from a kala-azar endemic area (including parasitologically confirmed patients, subjects presenting with clinical symptoms of visceral leishmaniasis and endemic controls) and a...

To understand the mechanism for the expulsion of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis from rats, age-dependent variations in the metabolism of reactive oxygen species in the parasite and the host intestines were examined. N. brasiliensis showed an age-dependent increase in its susceptibility to xanthine-xanthine oxidase and t-butyl hydroperoxide generated...

Reproductive performances of female hamsters were investigated during Ancylostoma ceylanicum (hookworm) infection. Animals having the highest levels of infection (34.96 +/- 1.11 worms) showed degenerative changes in the reproductive system. Ovaries of infected animals contained a few primary or secondary follicles. On cocaging with males of proven...

To understand the mode of anthelmintic action of thiabendazole and methyl-[5-[[4-(2-pyridinyl)-l-piperazinyl]carbonyl]-1H-benzimidazole- 2-yl] carbamate (C.D.R.I. compound 81/470) against Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, their effect on the metabolism of reactive oxygen species in the parasite as well as in rat intestine was examined. Both drugs produ...

The anthelmintic efficacy of a substituted benzimidazole carbamate (methyl-5-[4-(2-pyridinyl)-1-piperazinyl]-1 H-benzimidazole-2yl-carbamate) in