Janis Stirna

Stockholm University | SU · Department of Computer and Systems Sciences

This year’s theme of the conference is the use of Enterprise Modeling and Enterprise Architecture for system analysis and design to support industry 5.0 and society 5.0. At the core of fulfilling these visions are adoptions of a human-centric approach for digital technologies, up-skilling and reskilling European workers, modern, resource-efficient...

In the context of capability development and to respond to the influence of new technology, a conceptual framework to support the integration of new technology in military command and control systems (C2-systems) is being developed. It focuses on the need to support multi-domain operations (MDO), which requires speed, flexibility, and precision. Th...

The nature of modern organizations needs to be increasingly adaptive, since they are dealing with a constant demand to respond to stimuli derived from the dynamic environments they operate in. Changing their capabilities is a common response, and this makes capability management a vital aspect of organizational survivability. To date, there are no...

This paper provides a thematic analysis to identify three significant themes for the evolution of Command and Control (C2) systems: new technology, capability development, and leadership organization and culture. It outlines eleven goals for a design framework to enhance military C2 systems, highlighting a comprehensive approach that merges technol...

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a disruptive technology that allows connecting physical objects with the digital world. This challenges organizations in adjusting their Enterprise Architecture (EA) for adopting the IoT technology to improve their operations and maximize their value. Considering the complexity of such changes, a suitable modelling l...

In traditional business models, organisations typically work independently and have limited interactions with other entities in the network. In contrast, Digital Business Ecosystems (DBE) foster collaboration, responsibility-taking, and resource sharing between multiple actors, enabling them to leverage their capabilities. Such characteristics requ...

Enterprise Modeling is a discipline that facilitates understanding and analyzing complex organizational phenomena and domains. A variety of methods and tools exist, often optimized for specific domains. KYKLOS is a domain-specific method that has been developed to model the phenomenon of changing business capabilities. It is not uncommon for such m...

The Digital Business Ecosystem (DBE) theory has evolved to facilitate the functioning of open business networks by adopting the ecosystem paradigm from nature in a shared digital environment. While it enables exhibiting diverse interests, it also places high demands on managing the DBE’s resilience. The current research lacks support for how a DBE-...

This guest editorial presents the special section of 14th IFIP WG 8.1 Working Conference on the Practice of Enterprise Modeling (PoEM 2021). The best papers of PoEM 2021 were invited to be revised and significantly expanded. Eight papers were finally accepted for publication in the special section. These papers are an excellent representation of th...

Digital Twin (DT) is a concept that has attracted much scientific research and industrial development during the last years. The basic idea is to connect (physical) facilities or devices with digital representations to facilitate real-time monitoring, manipulation and prediction of behavior. The focus of this paper is on the integration of organiza...

Organizations are dealing with a continuous need to adapt to their dynamic environments by changing their business capabilities. KYKLOS is a recently developed modeling method aiming to provide methodological and tool support for the phenomenon of capability change in organizations. This paper reports on a case study used to demonstrate and evaluat...

Information Systems (IS) of modern organizations and enterprises often rely on a network of partners’ IS to deliver the services. The resilience of this network is the necessary condition for the operation of such ISs. The Digital Business Ecosystem (DBE) theory has emerged as an approach to ensure functioning and resilience in dynamic and open net...

The changing business landscapes urge organizations to collaborate and combine their expertise to stay competitive. Organizations establish partnerships and collaborate via the Internet, which often happens dynamically and at fast pace resulting in formation of Digital Business Ecosystems (DBEs). DBEs are complex and their management requires havin...

The dynamic environments where modern businesses operate in are a source of continuous change. As a result, change has emerged as an indispensable aspect of business management and analysis. The notion of capability is an essential element in business designs; therefore, business transformation is associated with monitoring and analyzing changing c...

Modern information systems rely on data analytics and use various data sources to steer information processing and process execution activities. Capability-driven development is a method for the design and delivery of this kind of information systems. This chapter elaborates a method extension for capability-based modeling of data ecosystems for th...

Approaches and methods for enterprise modeling have been the subject of discussion and development in industry and academia during at least the last 30 years. Enterprise modeling supports organizations in coping with challenges related to dynamically changing business environments and the alignment of business goals and information systems to suppo...

Digital Business Ecosystem (DBE) supports organizations to collaborate and combine their expertise to stay competitive through ICTs. Being beneficial to the organizations, DBEs are also complex and more difficult to manage. Through visual analysis and knowledge explication, modelling can increase the transparency of DBEs and improve the understandi...

This chapter consists of several sections which contain contributions from members of IFIP Technical Committee 8 (Information Systems). We highlight the accomplishments of Technical Committee 8 (TC8) and its working groups over its 50 years history, and then envisage possible strategies for the future of information systems (IS) in a post-COVID wor...

Organizations adopt new tools and technologies even more during the Covid19 pandemic. Enterprise Architecture Management (EAM) as a holistic management discipline supports systematic adoption processes by integration business and IT concerns. This integrated view requires the participation of different stakeholders to EAM projects. To minimize the...

Capability Driven Development (CDD) is a capability-based method for developing context-aware and adaptive systems. This paper proposes to extend CDD to address security and resilience concerns in organizational networks. A method extension defining modeling concepts and development procedure is elaborated. It includes development of a data-driven...

Environmental dynamism is gaining ground as a driving force for enterprise transformation. To address the changes, the capabilities of digital enterprises need to adapt. Capability modeling can facilitate this process of transformation. However, a plethora of approaches for capability modeling exist. This study explores how concepts relevant to cha...

Modern digital organizations are constantly facing new opportunities and threats, originating from the highly dynamic environments they operate in. On account of this situation, they need to be in a state of constant change and evolution to achieve their goals or ensure survival, and this is achieved by adapting their capabilities. Enterprise Model...

Products and services are essential to an enterprise’s operations and hence they need to be designed, developed, and delivered in congruence with the enterprise’s business strategy and design. This paper investigates how to identify relevant aspects of products and services to be added to enterprise models by extending existing Enterprise Modeling...

Although considerable effort is made to secure organisational infrastructures and to protect organizational assets, it is widely acknowledged that it is equally important to ensure that organisations need to define appropriate ways to harden their overall resilience including recovery from security incidents. In this exploratory paper we outline re...

Significant amount of business collaboration takes place online which supports efficient and dynamic business partnerships. Once such partnerships reach a critical mass, a digital business ecosystem (DBE) forms. While it is beneficial to its actors, it is also complex and more difficult to manage. A key management concern is resilience, especially...

Organizations are operating within dynamic environments that present changes, opportunities and threats to which they need to respond by adapting their capabilities. Organizational capabilities can be supported by Information Systems during their design and run-time phases, which often requires the capabilities’ adaptation. Currently, enterprise mo...

Industry 4.0 is a concept that has attracted much research and development over the last decade. At its core is the need to connect physical devices with their digital representations which essentially means establishing a digital twin. Currently, the technological development of digital twins has gathered much attention while the organizational an...

Modern digital businesses are facing a constant challenge in adapting to dynamic environments. Therefore, change has become a significant element of business analysis. Capability thinking, when applied to business management, is associated to design and analysis of supporting information systems and is inextricably linked to strategy and change. Th...

Open Data (OD) is data available in a machine-readable format and without restrictions on the permissions for using or distributing it. OD may include textual artifacts, images, maps, video content, and other. The data can be published and maintained by different entities, both public and private. Despite its power to distribute knowledge freely an...

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Perspectives in Business Informatics Research, BIR 2018, held in Stockholm, Sweden, in September 2018. This year’s conference theme was “Business Resilience – Organizational and Information System Resilience in Congruence”. The 17 papers presented in this volume were care...

Dynamic business environments create the need for constant change in modern enterprises. Enterprise transformation is associated to changes in enterprise capabilities since capabilities are an essential element in business designs. Capability modeling methods need to evolve accordingly and the development of such methods needs to be systematic. Thi...

Most modeling approaches lack in their ability to cover a full-fledged view of a software system’s business requirements, goals, and capabilities and to specify aspects of flexibility and variability. The modeling language Capability Driven Development (CDD) allows modeling capabilities and their relation to the execution context. However, its cont...

In computing, interface is the notion used for exposing the business logic of a software component for consumption. The interface of a component is deliberately defined separately from the component’s implementation to define entry points, and at the same time prevent access to the component’s internal resources and logic. Another advantage is that...

This chapter discusses the most common purposes for which organizations use Enterprise Modeling. Three categories of objectives have been identified: (1) to develop the business, (2) to ensure the quality of the business, and (3) to use EM as a problem-solving tool. Modeling for these objectives is discussed in terms of input models and documentati...

This chapter discusses the issues that are pertinent to the use of participatory Enterprise Modeling (EM) in practice, such as its adoption in organizations, including building the organizational structure for modeling, and integration of EM with other approaches sharing similar principles of work for which participatory EM can help. The chapter en...

This chapter presents a number of situations that can arise in Enterprise Modeling (EM) sessions and in EM projects in general. It describes what the signs of a situation are and how to deal with it, including what not to do. Some more common recommendations to avoid in modeling projects are documented in the form of anti-patterns. We also briefly...

In Chap. 5, we described the Enterprise Modeling (EM) process and introduced the main roles involved. This chapter describes the roles involved in an EM project and their responsibilities. Particular attention is paid to the role of EM practitioner. We also discuss the competences and abilities needed for modeling, competences and characteristics n...

This chapter discusses a number of stereotypical stakeholder behaviors that Enterprise Modeling (EM) practitioners may encounter in an EM project. They can be observed in modeling sessions as well as in the project as a whole. During modeling sessions, the following stereotypes of stakeholder behavior have been observed: the seller, the buyer, the...

This chapter discusses the issue of tool support in modeling sessions. There are two main types of tools: (1) the “plastic wall,” which is more suitable for idea generation types of modeling sessions, and (2) a projector and a computerized tool, which is more suitable for modeling sessions devoted to the refinement of an existing model. The main re...

This chapter introduces the concept of Enterprise Modeling (EM), the EM process, as well as discusses the main approaches to stakeholder involvement and knowledge elicitation. Selected elicitation techniques used in EM are discussed. Among them are interviews, observations, document analysis, work diaries, and participatory modeling session. The co...

An Enterprise Modeling project usually involves a number of phases. The sections of this chapter explain those phases as well as the issues and problems that arise in the process and propose suitable solutions. The following phases are presented: (1) define the scope and objectives of the project, (2) plan for project activities and resources, (3)...

This chapter gives an overview of the 4EM method for Enterprise Modeling (EM). The purpose of including 4EM in this book is to illustrate the concepts of EM method with an example method. 4EM is a representative of the Scandinavian strand of EM methods. It shares many underlying principles of the so-called multi-perspective approaches that recommen...

This chapter briefly discusses basic strategies for building the knowledge and abilities necessary to become a professional EM practitioner. It discusses that these are built in stages reflecting the maturity that comes with increasing experience. The stages are: (1) using an EM language to construct a model, (2) managing the modeling process, (3)...

This chapter discusses the use of the participatory approach to modeling along with other modeling approaches. The chapter discusses typical requirements for a modeling approach to be considered if the approach is to be used in a participatory setting. The main principles of the ways of working with business modeling methods, such as business model...

The Capability-Driven Development (CDD) approach consists of both methods and tools for the analysis and design of capability-based solutions. CDD is openly published and ready to be used by any organization interested in it. For organizations applying CDD, there are benefits such as increased flexibility and the ability to leverage the potential o...

Capability management has been the subject of a lot of research during the past years. Many of the results achieved have been presented in the previous chapters. Although the advancements have been substantial, a number of open issues and research questions remain. The chapter gives a summary on the ongoing research in the field and an outlook on f...

Enterprise Modelling (EM) is an activity where an integrated model describing different aspects of an enterprise is created. An enterprise model consists of a number of related “sub-models” or perspectives, each describing the enterprise from a particular view, for example, processes, business rules, goals, actors, and concepts/information/data. Th...

The notion of capability has gained growing attention over the last few years due to a number of factors, namely, it directs business investment focus, it can be used as a baseline for business planning, and it leads to service specification and design. It is however unexplored to what extent capability is considered in different modeling approache...

The introduction of capability management into an enterprise and establishment of a supporting organization structure, like in many other management approaches, affect different parts of the enterprise and require careful preparation. In general, the first recommended step is to evaluate suitability of capability thinking and the capability managem...

The Capability-Driven Development (CDD) methodology supports development, delivery, and management of organization and information system capabilities. This chapter presents an overview of the CDD methodology in terms of the capability meta-model; the overall capability life cycle consisting of capability design, deployment, and feedback cycles; as...

Capability thinking characterizes an organizational mindset. It puts capabilities in focus of the business model and information systems development. Capability thinking is expected to help organizations and in particular digital enterprises increase flexibility and agility in adapting to changes in their economic and regulatory environments. Capab...

Modern enterprises have to respond to the challenge of changing competitive situations by being able to adapt their business models and the supporting IT systems. Service-orientation and cloud computing offer established approaches for achieving flexibility in the use of computing resources and sourcing strategies. This requires promoting systemati...

Involvement of potential users in early stages of elaboration of development methods is needed for successful method adoption in practice. This paper reports on activities of introduction and assessment of the Capability Driven Development (CDD) methodology with a group of industry representatives. This was performed in an interactive workshop and...

In essence, Open Data (OD) is the information available in a machine-readable format and without restrictions on the permissions for using or distributing it. Open Data may include textual artifacts, or non-textual, such as images, maps, scientific formulas, and other. The data can be publicized and maintained by different entities, both public and...

Putting capability management into practice requires both a solid theoretical foundation and realistic approaches. This book introduces a development methodology that integrates business and information system development and run-time adjustment based on the concept of capability by presenting the main findings of the CaaS project – the Capability-...

This book offers practical advice on managing enterprise modeling (EM) projects and facilitating participatory EM sessions. Modeling activities often involve groups of people, and models are created in a participatory way. Ensuring that this is done efficiently requires dedicated individuals who know how to organize modeling projects and sessions,...

The field of Information Systems (IS) and Enterprise Modeling (EM) is continuously striving to address the challenges of the practice by developing new methods and tools. This paper presents experiences and lessons learned from the Method Engineering of the Capability Driven Development (CDD) methodology. The CDD methodology supports organizations...

Information systems integration is an essential instrument for organizations to attain advantage in today’s growing and fast changing business and technology landscapes. Integration solutions generate added value by combining the functionality and services of heterogeneous and diverse systems. Existing integration environments tend to rely heavily...

Patterns have a great potential for improving various aspects of Information System (IS) designs by reuse. While they have been routinely used for conveying reusable design solutions in books and knowledge repositories, there is an ongoing debate about their impact in practice. This is due to the fact that insufficient efforts are devoted to elabor...

The Information Systems (IS) community has long recognized the importance of studying quality at various stages of the IS design process. Many studies target the quality factors at various stages of design and development. However, research about the factors that specifically affect the quality of IS integration remains largely fragmented. Existing...

A keynote presentation on typical roles in Enterprise Modeling projects.

Recently an approach for information system design and delivery according to run-time context has been developed. It uses the concept of capability to express the organization’s ability and capacity that enables it to achieve a business goal in a certain context, and hence is denoted Capability Driven Development (CDD). The concept of capability ha...

Analyzing, designing and implementing software systems based on the concept of capabilities have several benefits, such as the ability to design efficient monitoring of capabilities and their execution context. Today, there exist new model-driven methods and development tools that support capability-based analysis, design, and implementation. Howev...

The notion of capability has been gaining a growing attention in the business and information system (IS) engineering community due to a number of reasons: it facilitates focus on business investments, it can be used as a baseline for business planning, and it directly leads to service specification and design. It is not however widely known to wha...

Changing business environments related to constant variations in customers’ demand, situational conditions, regulations, emerging security threats, etc. may be addressed by approaches that integrate organizational development with information system development taking into account changes in the application context. This paper presents experiences...

The notion of capability has emerged in Information System engineering as the means to support development of context dependent organizational solutions and supporting IT applications. To this end the Capability Driven Development (CDD) approach has been proposed. CDD currently focuses on designing and running applications that need to be adjusted...

Contemporary enterprise information systems (IS) need to be sustainable in order to provision long-lasting functionality in the presence of changes in customers’ demand, varying environmental aspects, regulations, and many other factors. A key challenge is the need to adjust according to changes at run-time of the IS because not all of them can be...

The tutorial addresses a significant objective of today’s enterprise Information Systems (IS) to be sustainable, i.e. able to produce value continuously by adapting according to constant variations in business conditions originating, for instance, from changes in customers’ demand, environmental aspects, regulations, security, and many others. Many...

Organizations have the need to continuously adjust their capabilities to changes in the business context. If existing IT systems and associated development methods does not support this adjustment they need to be changed to do so. However, there exist specialized methods and tools that allow the design, and run-time monitoring of context informatio...

The overall objective of the CaaS project is to create an integrated approach consisting of methods, tools and reusable best practices that allow digital enterprises to take advantage of changes in business context and technologies. This deliverable primarily contributes to CaaS Objective 1, namely, “to elaborate a methodology and supporting method...

The overall objective of the CaaS project is to create an integrated approach consisting of methods, tools and reusable best practices that allow digital enterprises to take advantage of changes in business context and technologies. This deliverable contributes to CaaS Objective 1, namely, “to elaborate a methodology and supporting methods for Capa...

Enterprise Modeling (EM) methods and tools have been developed and successfully used for more than two decades yet their adoption in organizations is mostly ad hoc. Only a few EM methods and tools have become successful products despite being theoretically sound and having certain success in application in practice. This grounded theory inquiry pon...

Enterprise Modeling (EM) has proved to be a practicable approach that supports congruent organization and information system (IS) development by creating an integrated and commonly shared model describing different aspects of an enterprise (e.g. goals, business process, concepts, rules, etc.) EM is used for the purposes of (1) developing the busine...

Lately the notion of capability has emerged in information system engineering as the means to support development of context dependent organizational solutions and supporting IT applications. To this end a Capability Driven Development (CDD) approach has been proposed. As key part of CDD is the concept of patterns that is used to support the capabi...

Competitiveness and growth on an international market is for many businesses tightly coupled to their ability of quickly implementing new company strategies, business services and products or market entries. Capability management is among the approaches proposed to tackle these challenges. A feature is capturing the context of capability delivery a...

Capability management is expected to contribute to a new level of productivity in developing and deploying IT-based business services offered by digital enterprises to their customers. Work on capability management so far emphasizes the technology perspective of capability design and delivery. The paper addresses the question of what is the potenti...

Business process execution is affected by various contextual factors. Context-aware business processes consider the contextual factors during process design and execution. There is a large variety of possible context situations and their impact on the business process is difficult to know in advance. To this end an advanced context processing to ad...

The need for organizations to operate in changing environments is addressed by proposing an approach that integrates organizational development with information system (IS) development taking into account changes in the application context of the solution. This is referred to as Capability Driven Development (CDD). A meta-model representing busines...

While the pace of change in the business sector accelerates ever more, the context for this change is becoming more complex. Today’s business environments entail cooperation with different organizations, rapidly changing business activities and processes, and an intensive competitive landscape. Enterprises therefore need the capability to respond q...

Sladjan MarasHaga ForumAnnerovägen 4, Solna,Stockholm, SwedenSladjan Maras is Vice President of Gartner Information Technology Research and Advisory Company. Mr. Maras leads the Enterprise Architecture business in EMEA at Gartner Consulting with focus on ensuring business impact when applying EA with Gartner's key clients. He is responsible for bus...

The main goal of the CaaS project is to facilitate a shift from the service-oriented paradigm to a capability delivery paradigm. This report is a result of WP5, task 5.1, and summarizes the state-of-the-art in methodology areas relevant for CDD. These areas include capability composition from patterns, capability assessment, identification of new b...

This short paper examines the concept of cyber resilience from an organizational perspective. Cyber resilience is defined as “the ability to continuously deliver the intended outcome despite adverse cyber events”, and this definition is systematically described and justified. The fundamental building blocks of cyber resilience are identified and an...

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of seven international workshops held in Stockholm, Sweden, in conjunction with the 27th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering, CAiSE 2015, in June 2015. The 38 full and nine short papers were carefully selected from 107 submissions. The workshops were the Seco...

Lately, the notion of capability has emerged in IS engineering as an instrument to context dependent design and delivery of business services. Representing core business functionalities of an organization, capabilities, and capability driven IS development can be seen as both – a shift beyond and complement to the widely established service-oriente...

Organizations normally begin using Enterprise Modeling (EM) within the context of a development project of some sort, where an outside vendor and/or consultant provide the method and related IT tool usage competence. If an organization uses EM sufficiently frequently it may be motivated to develop in-house EM competence and to acquire and adopt an...

Enterprises operate in dynamically changing environments, consequently, information systems (IS) are a subject to continuous changes. The IS need to be adjusted to different customers, markets and run-time contexts affecting their design and delivery. Variability and customization of the information systems has become a serious challenge. Capabilit...

Enterprise modeling (EM) methods and techniques are indispensable for understanding the present situation of an enterprise and for preparing for its future – particularly in times of continuous organizational change, an increasing pace of innovation, new market challenges or technology advances. The authors combine a detailed description of the 4E...

In industrial areas with a highly competitive environment all enterprise functions are expected to contribute to efficient operations and an economic cost structure. Service-orientation and cloud computing offer approaches to achieve more efficiency in the use of computing resources and more flexibility with respect to outsourcing strategies. The s...