Jangwoon Park

• PhD
• Professor (Assistant) at Texas A&M University – Corpus Christi

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the common sleep disorders related to breathing. It is important to identify an optimal set of questions among the existing questionnaires, using a data-driven approach, that can prescreen OSA with high sensitivity and specificity. The current study proposes reliable models that are based on machine learning...

Digital clusters have been adopted as displays in vehicles, and various driving information is presented through the digital clusters with different colors. However, drivers with color vision deficiency (CVD) face difficulties in recognizing the information conveyed through color, which might lead to serious traffic accidents. In this paper, the us...

Reducing the number of design changes in vehicle seat development is critical for minimizing both production cost and product lead time. Generally, discrepancies in measured dimensional specifications of vehicle-seat prototypes and computer-aided design (CAD) models cause significant quality control issues of the finished products. Although three-d...

Meal-assistance robots (MARs) help feed meals to users with disabilities or who need help consuming their meals. Although such MARs have been introduced in various fields, guidelines for evaluating MARs are limited. This study aims to develop comprehensive guidelines to assess the user experience (UX) of MAR designs considering its social interacti...

The uninterrupted operation of systems with artificial intelligence (AI) ensures high productivity and accuracy of the tasks performed. The physiological state of AI operators indicates a relation with an AI system failure event and can be measured through electrodermal activity. This study aims to model the stress levels of system operators based...

This study examines the relationship between speech characteristics and personality traits by drawing on pseudo-naturalistic conversations and on personality dimensions identified by the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) model which assesses four personality dimensions of introversion-extroversion, sensing-intuiting, thinking-feeling, and judging-...

Recently, the interest in the lower-limb exoskeleton robot is increasing within rehabilitation practice. While research on advancing the gait rehabilitation exoskeleton robot (ER) is being actively conducted from a technical point of view, studies evaluating usability and user value of ERs are insufficient. In this study, an evaluation tool was dev...

Vehicle-seat dimensions measured at specific cross-sections have been historically utilized as shape determinants to evaluate a driver’s seat fit. The present study is intended to quantify the relationships between seat fits and the seat dimensions for designing an ergonomic vehicle seat. Eight seat engineers evaluated seat fits for 54 different dr...

Smartphone hard key locations need to be ergonomically determined to improve grip stability and operational efficiency for users' convenience. The present study proposed an ergonomic design process that determines smartphone hard key locations by statistically analyzing the preferred hard key control areas of users with various hand sizes based on...

Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep-related breathing disorder with an estimation of one billion people. Full-night polysomnography is considered the gold standard for OSA diagnosis. However, it is time-consuming, expensive and is not readily available in many parts of the world. Many screening questionnaires and scores hav...

With an increasing number of AI applications in everyday life, the discussion on how to improve the usability of AI or robot devices has been taking place. This is particularly true for Socially Assistive Robots (SAR). The presented study in this paper is an attempt to identify speech characteristics such as sound and lexical features among differe...

Featured Application The grip posture information identified from this study can provide fundamental knowledge of how users grasp a smartphone and be of use for the design of smartphone user interface. Abstract Greater understanding of the grip postures preferred by users is needed for the ergonomic design of smartphone user interfaces. The presen...

The present study is intended to develop statistical models for predicting automobile seat fit based on the relationships between seat dimensions and subjective seat fit. The evaluations of the subjective seat fit for 43 different driver seats and the seat dimensions at six cross-sectional planes (three for the seatback and the other three for the...

Swimming goggles are important tools for swimmers; however, most of the commercialized swimming goggles are designed as one-size-fits-all, which may cause improper fit to a wearer’s facial shape. The present study is intended to review and compare the design characteristics of the existing swimming goggles and the published customization protocols...

Many studies have demonstrated the strong relationships between physiological responses and driving stress, but they have done little to build a model that could be used to identify a driver's stress accurately in real time. The objective of this study is to develop a model that accurately classifies driving stress by monitoring physiological respo...

The digital evaluation process of vehicle-seat dimensions is an efficient and cost-effective way to achieve better seating comfort and proper fit. The present study is intended to quantify the statistical relationships between seat dimensions (e.g., insert width and bolster height defined at SAE J2732) and subjective seat fit (e.g., too tight, righ...

According to the similarity-attraction theory, humans respond more positively to people who are similar in personality. This observation also holds true between humans and robots, as shown by recent studies that examined human-robot interactions. Thus, it would be conducive for robots to be able to capture the user personality and adjust the intera...

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly prevalent in all spheres of society. Still, the perception of AI from users and customers remains the main barrier for its widespread adoption. Previous studies showed that the acceptance of new technologies in society depends on perceived characteristics. This study examined users’ perception o...

Automation aims to improve the task performance and the safety of human operators. The success of automation can be facilitated with well-designed human–automation interaction (HAI), which includes the consideration of a trade-off between the benefits of reliable automation and the cost of Failed automation. This study evaluated four different type...

Objective: The Hybrid-III anthropometric test devices (ATDs) are widely used by the automotive industry to evaluate restraint system performance in standardized vehicle crash tests. The relationship between the belt fit measured for people in driving posture and the belt fit obtained with ATDs has not been reported in the literature. The present st...

Sleep is an essential part of health and longevity persons. As people grow older, the quality of their sleep becomes vital. Poor sleep quality can make negative physiological, psychological, and social impacts on the elderly population, causing a range of health problems including coronary heart disease, depression, anxiety, and loneliness. Early d...

Swimming goggles are important tools for professional swimmers, as well as the general public, to have clear visibility, fit, and wearing comfort under water; however, commercialized swimming goggles have been designed as one-size-fits-all, which may cause several issues to the wearers who have different facial dimensions; Typical issues include im...

The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) J1517 and J941 models of a driver-selected seat position and a driver's eye location mainly rely on their statistical linear relationships with seat configuration and package variables. Although the SAE models are useful for vehicle interior design, their prediction performance was not provided. The present...

There is an increasing need for human interaction to improve with electronics in this digital age. Socially assistive robot (SAR) interactions with the elderly and youth can improve the quality of these individuals’ lives in terms of friendships. Since humans are emotional creatures and respond more agreeably to similar personality types, robots ne...

Many previous studies have identified that physiological responses of a driver are significantly associated with driving stress. However, research is limited to identifying the effects of traffic conditions (low vs. high traffic) and road types (highway vs. city) on driving stress. The objective of this study is to quantify the relationship between...

Although successful automation can bring abundance to people’s lives, the prolonged use of unreliable automation causes negative impacts on users. This study aims to examine how prolonged use of an unreliable auto-proofreading system affects users’ trust levels and physiological responses. Nineteen native English speakers participated in tasks that...

A design protocol for customized swimming goggles by using a swimmer’s 3D facial scan data has been developed in our laboratories. Although the 3D scanner proved to be useful equipment to accurately capture a swimmer’s 3D facial data, high-accuracy 3D scanners are expensive tools which are not generally available to the public. The present study in...

Although reliable automation can reduce a lot of the mental workload from humans, unreliable automation can increase cognitive workload and physiological changes. The objective of this study is to quantify the relationships between cognitive workload and electrodermal activities (EDA) in reliable and unreliable auto-proofreading tasks. Nineteen nat...

This study analyzed existing survey instruments to provide an integrated list of keywords/constructs to measure the various perceptions of trust building in automation. While the trust between users and automated functions or systems has been an area of substantial research interest to understand the interactions between human and automation, resea...

Objective: U.S. FMVSS 202a requires that a vehicle head restraint lie within a specified distance (55 mm) from the physical headform on the head restraint measurement device (HRMD). Smaller values of this distance, known as backset, are frequently associated with improved protection against neck injury in rear impact. In some vehicles, small backse...

Healthcare has a trend of going hi-tech. With an aging population growing more than ever, researchers and health care providers are now relying on robots to ease the symptoms of dementia and help an aging population stay where they would like, at home. Several therapeutic robots such as Paro recently introduced in the markets are manifestation of s...

Automation is ubiquitous and indispensable in modern working environments. It is adopted and used in not only advanced industrial- and technology-oriented operations, but also ordinary home or office computational functions. In general, automated systems aim to improve overall work efficiency and productivity of labor-intensive tasks by decreasing...

Most swimmers’ goggles leak water during swimming. Leakage occurs because the swimming goggles do not fit the facial structures of the user properly, and, therefore, do not create an effective seal on the face. Furthermore, to create a tighter seal, swimmers overtighten the fastening strap causing discomfort on the eyes due to increased pressure. T...

The ‘Hybrid Predictive Dynamics Method for Digital Human Modeling’ is used in this work to analyze the dynamics of a human performing a “Drop Jump” task. The ‘Hybrid’ prefix mentioned in the literature recently [1] refers to the use of motion capture data for improving human motion simulations. This use of motion capture compensates for the inheren...

Objective: The anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) in the Hybrid III family are widely used as human surrogates to test the crash performance of vehicles. A previous study demonstrated that passenger belt fit in rear seats was affected by high body mass index (BMI) and to a lesser extent by increased age. Specifically, the lap belt was worn higher...

The position and orientation of a vehicle occupant's pelvis are important for seat design and the provision of safety belts. However, the direct measurement of pelvis location in a vehicle seat is difficult due to interference from the vehicle and its seat structure, as well as driver factors such as abdomen adiposity. An optimization method was de...

Background: Previously published statistical models of driving posture have been effective for vehicle design but have not taken into account the effects of age. Objective: The present study developed new statistical models for predicting driving posture. Methods: Driving postures of 90 U.S. drivers with a wide range of age and body size were...

Few statistical models of rear seat passenger posture have been published, and none has taken into account the effects of occupant age. This study developed new statistical models for predicting passenger postures in the rear seats of automobiles. Postures of 89 adults with a wide range of age and body size were measured in a laboratory mock-up in...

A bus seat is required to be ergonomically designed in terms of its shape and physical properties to increase seating comfort. The present study is intended to develop a systematic bus seat evaluation protocol based on seating comfort. A total of 48 participants evaluated 12 parts (seat belt, recliner, armrest, headrest, upper-back support, lumbar...

The profile of a bus seat needs to be designed ergonomically for better seating comfort. The present study is intended to develop an ergonomic bus seat design protocol based on seat comfort evaluation and seat profile analysis. The proposed seat profile design protocol consists of five steps: (1) seating comfort evaluation, (2) seat profile measure...

Objective: The present study is intended to objectively classify upper- & lower-body sitting strategies and identify the effects of gender and OPL type on the sitting strategies.Background: A sitting strategy which statistically represents comfortable driving posture can be used as a reference posture of a humanoid in virtual design and evaluation...

Sitting strategies which statistically represent preferred and comfortable driving postures can be used as reference data to design/evaluate an automobile interior layout. Although the previous research have identified the sitting strategies for various anthropometric dimensions of drivers, the classification method of sitting strategies was not ob...

Drivers’ hip locations (HLs) and eye locations (ELs) have been used as reference data to design an ergonomics automobile interior. Although many prediction geometric/statistical models to predict a driver’s HL and EL have been developed, the existing models have limitations (e.g., low prediction accuracy). The objectives of the present study are (1...

As the demand in the market for a product with a high sensibility has dramatically increased, research has been conducted in designing products for better sensibility; however, most studies have employed a paper-and-pencil (P&P) questionnaire in administering a sensibility evaluation, causing a lack of efficiency and systematicity in sensibility re...

차량 운전석 설계 시 운전자의 선호 운전자세와 체압분포가 중요하게 고려되고 있다. 운전석 설계에 운전자세와 체압분포를 효율적으로 고려하기 위해 대표 착좌전략 유형을 분류한 연구들이 수행되었으나, 유형 분류시 시각적인 기준에 의해 분석되었으며 유형의 특성에 대한 연구가 부족하였다. 본 연구는 운전자의 착좌전략 유형을 정량적으로 파악하기 위해 여성 20명과 남성 20명의 운전자세와 체압분포를 측정하고 군집분석을 통해 유형을 분류하였다. 운전자세 기반의 착좌 전략 유형 분류 결과, 상체와 하체 각 3가지(상체: reclined, erect, slouched; 하체: knee bent, knee extended, upper-l...

제품 개발 시 환경 친화적 요구가 증대됨에 따라 다양한 친환경 제품 개발들이 개발되고 있으나 기존 친환경 제품들은 대부분 친환경적 측면에만 주로 특화되었으므로 사용자 친화적 및 경제 친화적인 측면의 고려가 요구된다. 본 연구는 시장 경쟁력을 높일 수 있는 환경, 사용자, 그리고 경제 친화적 제품(Eco-, Ergonomics-, Economy-friendly product; E3-friendly product)을 개발할 수 있는 제품 아이디어 개발 방법을 제시하고자 한다. 본 연구는 E3 친화형 제품의 아이디어 개발을 위해 기존 친환경 제품들을 조사하여 E3 친화형 제품 개발에 필요한 설계 요소들을 파악한 후, E3 친...

Objective: The aim of this study is to develop and evaluate an ergonomic seat motion system for reducing driver's mental fatigue. Background: Driving fatigues are physically and cognitively occurred due to internal/external workloads generated by various driving environments. In particular, passive task-related (PTR) fatigue occurred by monotonous...

For proper ergonomic evaluation using a digital human model simulation (DHMS) system such as RAMSIS®, postures of a humanoid for designated tasks need to be predicted accurately. The present study (1) evaluated the accuracy of driving postures of humanoids predicted by RAMSIS, (2) proposed methods to improve its accuracy, and (3) examined the effec...