Jan Franklin Adamowski

McGill University | McGill · Department of Bioresource Engineering

Many recent studies propose wavelet-based hydrological and water resources forecasting models that have been incorrectly developed and that cannot properly be used for real-world forecasting problems. The incorrect development of these wavelet-based forecasting models occurs during wavelet decomposition (the process of extracting high- and low-freq...

In water resources applications (e.g., streamflow, rainfall-runoff, urban water demand [UWD], etc.), ensemble member selection and ensemble member weighting are two difficult yet important tasks in the development of ensemble forecasting systems. We propose and test a stochastic data-driven ensemble forecasting framework that uses archived determin...

Using over a century of ground-based observations over the contiguous United States, we show that the frequency of compound dry and hot extremes has increased substantially in the past decades, with an alarming increase in very rare dry-hot extremes. Our results indicate that the area affected by concurrent extremes has also increased significantly...

Participatory water resource management requires modeling techniques that are accurate and flexible yet stakeholder-friendly. While different modeling frameworks offer advantages and disadvantages, system dynamics (SDs) models have seen sustained use as a stakeholder-friendly approach for participatory water resource modeling. Physically based mode...

As much as accurate streamflow forecasts are important and significant for arid regions, they remain deficient and challenging. An ensemble learning strategy of decomposition-based machine learning and deep learning models was proposed to forecast multi-time-step ahead streamflow for northwest China’s Dunhuang Oasis. The efficiency and reliability...

On China's Loess Plateau (CLP), shifts in land use are particularly influential in altering soil microbial communities. While one might expect shifts between grassland, forest and arable land to affect soil microbial communities, the specific ensuing responses of bacterial and fungal diversity and composition on the CLP are poorly understood. Soil...

Climate data are essential for most simulation models and analytical studies in the fields of hydrology, ecology, and other environmental sciences. In many regions of the world, the absence of long-term and high-quality measured climate data has proven a major limitation to the application of simulation models and carrying out analytical studies. R...

China’s rapid population growth has inevitably led to a need for cropland expansion to meet food security challenges. In arid regions such an expansion is restricted by limited water resources, and an increase in productivity per cropland area must be achieved while still limiting water use. However, the response of agroecosystem Water Use Efficien...

As a critical element in preserving the health of urban populations, water distribution systems (WDSs) must be ready to implement emergency plans when catastrophic events such as contamination events occur. A risk-based simulation-optimization framework (EPANET–NSGA-III) combined with a decision support model (GMCR) is proposed in this study to det...

A fusion-based framework, where a Particle Filter Markov Chain Monte Carlo (PFMCMC) data assimilation method was coupled with the SAC-SMA hydrologic model, was developed to improve the model’s capacity to predict one-day-ahead runoff. A case study was applied where mean daily precipitation from multiple sources served as forcing data in the data as...

Sustainable engineering design requires the joint consideration of technical, ecological, economic and social aspects in the provision of societal demands, such as water and energy supply. A growing number of concepts and methods for integrated assessment and sustainable design have been developed in recent decades, and pose new challenges to the e...

Participatory water resources management requires modeling techniques that are accurate and flexible, yet stakeholder-friendly. While different modeling frameworks offer advantages and disadvantages, System Dynamics (SD) models have seen sustained use as a stakeholder-friendly approach for water resources modelling. In contrast, physically-based mo...

Widely-used term-weighting schemes and machine learning (ML) classifiers with default parameter settings were assessed for their performance when applied to environmental big data analysis. Five term-weighting schemes [term frequency (TF), TF–inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), Best Match 25 (BM25), TF–inverse gravity moment (TF-IGM), and TF–IDF–i...

CONTEXT The development of methods for improving the assessment of resilience of socio-ecological systems has become increasingly important as the severity and variability of global climate patterns continue to compound and intensify. OBJECTIVE The present study was conducted with the aim of using a dynamically-coupled bio-physical and socioeconom...

In early 2020, the COVID‐19 pandemic spurred the rapid adaptation of university course delivery to an online format. Though in‐person delivery partially resumed in the Fall of 2021, future conditions may favor a return to, or addition of, remote delivery. It is therefore important for instructors, program directors, and institutions to capitalize o...

Effective water management requires a large-scale understanding of agricultural irrigation systems and how they shift in response to various stressors. Here, we leveraged advances in Machine Learning and availability of very high resolution remote sensing imagery to help resolve this long-standing issue. To this end, we developed a deep learning mo...

Besides contributing to a broader understanding of ecosystem-hydrology interactions, ecosystem water use efficiency (WUE) is a key factor operating in an ecosystem’s balance between carbon assimilation and water transpiration. However, the effects of climate, elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and land surface changes on variation in regional W...

In response to the circumpolar region’s high levels of food insecurity, many Canadian communities have identified the development of local agriculture as a means to resolve the issue. Agricultural development is varied across the circumpolar region, an area which includes Yukon, the Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Nunavik (Quebec), and Nunatsiavut...

As an individual plant species can develop its own leaf stoichiometry to adapt to environmental changes, this stoichiometry can provide critical information about a plant species’ growth and its potential management in the ecosystem housing it. However, leaf stoichiometry is largely undocumented in regions with large environmental changes arising f...

Adaptation is key to minimizing heatwaves’ societal burden; however, our understanding of adaptation capacity across the socioeconomic spectrum is incomplete. We demonstrate that observed heatwave trends in the past four decades were most pronounced in the lowest-quartile income region of the world resulting in >40% higher exposure from 2010-2019 c...

The assessment of climate change impacts requires downscaled climate projections and context-specific socioeconomic scenarios. The development of practical climate change adaptation for environmental sustainability at regional and local scales, is predicated on a strong understanding of future socio-economic dynamics under a range of potential clim...

Leaf ecological stoichiometry not only reflects the plasticity and adaptability, but also the growth of plants within environments where temperature, precipitation, and soil properties vary across an elevation gradient. Ligularia virgaurea (Maxim.) Mattf. ex Rehder & Kobuski — an invasive poisonous plant — is common in the northeast portion of Chin...

Actual evapotranspiration (ETa) has been significantly increased under recent climate and vegetation changes. Discriminating the primary driver of ETa variation would improve our knowledge of the interaction between regional hydrological and ecological systems. In this study, a reliable ETa dataset was obtained by validating three ETa products from...

Herein, 150 distinct video files have been presented which related to dam-break multiphase flood shock wave experiments, performed in the Shiraz University, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department’s Hydraulic Lab (Shiraz, Iran). A clear water reservoir (without sediment) as well as 7 different sediment depths (0.03, 0.075, 0.15, 0.175, 0.2,...

In this file, all sediment depth data associated with 21 different dam break scenarios were extracted from high-quality experimental video images. The dataset is collected, classified and presented in a total of 21 distinct tables in 3 categories based on downstream initial conditions: 1- Downstream bed with a semi-circular obstacle with radius of...

In this file, all water level data associated with 24 different dam break scenarios were extracted from high-quality experimental video images. The dataset is collected, classified and presented in a total of 24 distinct tables in 3 categories based on downstream initial conditions: 1- Downstream bed with a semi-circular obstacle with radius of 4.5...

Dam-break wave-propagation in a debris flood event is strongly influenced by accumulated reservoir-bound sediment and downstream obstacles. For instance, the Brumadinho dam disaster in Brazil in 2019 released 12 × 106 m3 of mud and iron tailings and inflicted 270 casualties. The present work was motivated by the apparent lack of experimental or num...

Given the hazardous effects of sudden dam reservoir contamination — as might occur upon the intrusion of the fuel additive methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) — the contaminant’s effect on the quality of allocated waters requires careful study. Employed to determine optimal reservoir operational rules in the case of sudden MTBE pollution, a risk-based s...

CONTEXT The circumpolar region of Canada experiences high rates of food insecurity due to the harsh climate and terrain and limited infrastructural capacity restricting local production and environmental changes impacting traditional food systems. As such, the region heavily relies on imported commodities which are expensive and of low nutritional...

Grazing management can alter soil properties and microbial communities that are critical to maintaining grasslands' long-term productivity and function, but information relevant to such influences operating on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) of China is scarce. The present study was undertaken to examine the impact of different grazing management...

Sediment transport is a major contributor to a non-point source of pollution impacted by various factors that are modulated by climatic changes and anthropogenic influences. Quantifying and disentangling the contribution of these factors to sediment yield at large scales and across different flow regimes has not been fully explored. Here we present...

Leaf stoichiometry of plants can respond to variation in environments such as elevation ranging from low to high and success in establishing itself in a given montane ecosystem. An evaluation of the leaf stoichiometry of Qinghai Spruce (Picea crassifolia Kom.) growing at different elevations (2400 m, 2600 m, 2800 m, 3000 m, and 3200 m) in eastern C...

As determining the probability of the exceedance of maximum precipitation over a specified duration is critical to hydrotechnical design, particularly in the context of climate change, a model was developed to perform a frequency analysis of maximum precipitation of a specified duration. The PMAXΤP model (Precipitation MAXimum Time (duration) Proba...

Random Tree (RT) and Iterative Classifier Optimizer (ICO) based on Alternating Model Tree (AMT) regressor machine learning (ML) algorithms coupled with Bagging (BA) or Additive Regression (AR) hybrid algorithms were applied to forecasting multistep ahead (up to three months) Lake Superior and Lake Michigan water level (WL). Partial autocorrelation...

Through its effects on water and energy cycles, elevation plays an important role in modulating the spatial distribution of climatic changes in mountainous regions. A key hydrological indicator, reference evapotranspiration (ET0) reflects the maximum amount of water transferred to the atmosphere from the land surface. The current scarcity of inform...

Efforts to enhance food, fiber, and forage yields and achieve global food security have included the conversion of natural grasslands to cultivated grasslands. The quantitative effects of a global shift in grassland management on soil properties and microbial communities critical to ecosystem function have remained largely unexplored, particularly...

Comprehensive river water quality monitoring and assessment will help to identify the emerging water quality problems as well as developing sustainable water management strategies to maintain and protect healthy river and ecosystem. However, the cost of these efforts is a major concern due to a large monitoring network in rivers and watersheds. Thi...

This study introduces the maximal overlap discrete wavelet packet transform (MODWPT) for forecasting hydrological processes that change over multiple timescales (e.g., rainfall, streamflow). The advantage of MODWPT over other recent wavelet decomposition methods (à trous algorithm (AT) and the maximal overlap discrete wavelet transform (MODWT)) is...

Developing accurate groundwater vulnerability maps is essential for the sustainable management of groundwater resources. In this research, resampling methods [e.g., Bootstrap Aggregating (BA) and Disjoint Aggregating (DA)] are combined with machine learning (ML) models, namely eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LG...

Significance Forest fires of the western United States have advanced upslope over the past few decades, scorching territories previously too wet to burn. We document an upslope advancement of high-elevation fires of 7.6 m/y, a rate comparable to the elevational velocity of vapor pressure deficit of 8.9 m/y. Strong interannual links between aridity...

Rwanda, known as “the country of a thousand hills,” is subject to severe soil erosion challenges brought on by erosion-prone landforms and long-term anthropogenic forces that alter the physical landscape, cause substantial soil erosion, and adversely affect surface waters. Reverse slope bench terraces, called “radical terraces” in Rwanda, create re...

Leaf stoichiometry, a key indicator of plant response to environmental changes, can be significantly altered by changes to the environment caused by natural or artificial factors. Slope aspect, an important topographic factor, influences a plant’s exposure to solar radiation, precipitation, and other environmental factors, thereby affecting leaf st...

Unsustainable human actions and climate change have threatened global grasslands and lead to biodiversity loss and compromised ecosystem functions. Widely considered to be an effective approach to restore degraded grasslands, grazing exclosure (GE) likely affects biomass allocation and root morphology in the long-term, although their impacts are ye...

In classic resilience thinking, there is an implicit focus on controlling functional variation to maintain system stability. Modern approaches to resilience thinking deal with complex, adaptive system dynamics and true uncertainty; these contemporary frameworks involve the process of learning to live with change and make use of the consequences of...

Climate change has caused many environmental problems, as well as water and food insecurity, and health and social impacts in many parts of the world, and especially in the world’s vulnerable regions such as developing countries. Studies have demonstrated the impacts of socio-economic and climate changes and how they result in water and environment...

In this closure, we respond to the comments of Ebtehaj et al. (2020), and show why our approach and models are suitable for our study. We also provide additional details regarding several features of our study.

Background: Plant species have developed their individual leaf stoichiometries to adapt to changes in the environment. Changes in plant leaf stoichiometry with elevation are largely undocumented, but could provide information critical to protecting or enhancing a species’ growth and development and manage the ecosystem housing it. We investigate th...

Developing accurate lake water level (WL) forecasting models is important for flood control, shoreline maintenance and sustainable water resources planning and management. In this study, improved accuracy of forecasts (up to three months) of Lake Michigan and Lake Ontario WLs was achieved by coupling Boundary Corrected (BC) Maximal Overlap Discrete...

Implementation of the Grain for Green program (GGP) resulted in great changes in land use and cover in northwest China, and presumably in the region's carbon. However, accurate assessment of the effects of the GGP on carbon storage remains a challenge. The Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model can map and evaluate...

Effective and sustainable decision making in water resources management often requires modelling techniques that are able to account for the inherent complexity of coupled human-water systems. One approach that is used to model coupled human-water systems is to couple physically based models and system dynamics models. However, in many cases, this...

Effective and sustainable decision making in water resources management often requires modelling techniques that are able to account for the inherent complexity of coupled human-water systems. One approach that is used to model coupled human-water systems is to couple physically based models and system dynamics models. However, in many cases, this...

An emergency multi-objective framework was developed to achieve an optimal reservoir operating strategy under sudden pollution injection. To assess a wide range of responses to potential future pollution injection events, a large number of reservoir release and pollution injection scenarios (1000 release modes and three injection location scenarios...

Unconventional sources of data that enhance our understanding of internal interactions between socio-economic and hydrological processes are central to modeling human–water systems. Participatory modeling (PM) departs from conventional modeling tools by informing and conceptualizing human–water systems through stakeholder engagement. However, the i...

Despite perceptions of high water availability, adequate access to sufficient water resources remains a major challenge in Alaska. This paper uses a participatory modeling approach to investigate household water vulnerability in remote Alaska and to examine factors that affect water availability and water access. Specifically, the work asks: how do...

Flood forecasting is the estimation of future water levels or flows at a single or multiple sites of a river system for different lead times. Precise and reliable forecasting is important for flood warning, flood control planning, and rehabilitation. Of the several models available for flood forecasting, soft computing technique–based models are of...

As in the rest of the world, China assumed afforestation was an effective means of helping to mitigate the negative impacts of global warming, soil erosion and soil degradation, and returned large areas of farmland to woodland. At the same time, due to industrialization and urbanization, large tracts of arable land were abandoned, especially on the...

உலகத்தில் பிரபலமான நிரல்மொழிகள் பெரும்பான்மையாக ஆங்கில மூலமாக எழுதப்பட்டுள்ளன. வேறு இயற்கை மொழிகளில் நிரலாக்கம் செய்யும் முயற்சிகள் பல்வேறு இருந்தாலும், தொழில்முறை சூழல்நிலையில் அவற்றின் பயன்பாடு குறைவு. இந்த கட்டுரையில் லஸ்ஸி (https://லஸ்ஸி.இந்தியா) என்று சட்டகம் மற்றும் மென்பொருள் கருவி முன்வைக்கப்படும். லஸ்ஸியால் எந்த நிரல்மொழி வேண்டுமானாலும், உ...

Slope aspect and elevation gradient, important topographic factors, affect plant growth and leaf carbon:nitrogen:phosphorus (C:N:P) stoichiometry by regulating local water and energy balances. The response of leaf stoichiometry to topographic factors reflects plant adaptation strategies to different habitats. Common in various grasslands across Chi...

Terrestrial evapotranspiration (ETa) reflects the complex interactions of climate, vegetation, soil and terrain and is a critical component inwater and energy cycles. However, the manner inwhich climate change and vegetation greening influence ETa remains poorly understood, especially in alpine regions. Drawing on the Global Land Evaporation Amster...

Zip file of all code and data needed to reproduce all results and figures presented in this article. Code runs in Python.

Correct modelling of relationships between predators and prey is crucial to ecological and population dynamics models. However, and despite a long-standing competition between ratio and prey-dependent models (and a few alternative intermediate forms) in the literature, most equations currently used to represent such relationships do not meet theore...

Hydrologic model coupling to Tinamit, the methodology is introduced.

Accurate prediction of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is essential for efficient planning and management of limited water resources through proper irrigation scheduling. The FAO-56 Penman-Monteith approach to ET0 estimation was adopted to compute ET0 from data obtained in a subtropical climatic region in Bangladesh. Quantified ET0 values along...

New and unconventional sources of data that enhance our understanding of internal interactions between socio-economic and hydrological processes are central to sociohydrological modelling. Participatory modelling (PM) departs from conventional modelling tools by informing and conceptualizing sociohydrological models through stakeholder engagement....

A practical approach to continuously monitor and provide real-time solar energy prediction can help support reliable renewable energy supply and relevant energy security systems. In this study on the Korean Peninsula, contemporaneous solar radiation images obtained from the Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite (COMS) Meteorological Ima...

Nutrient loading from agriculture is a critical threat to aquatic ecosystems, affecting their ability to provide safe drinking water, and limiting the provision of ecosystem services such as water-based recreation. Efforts to manage the problem typically focus on encouraging, incentivising, or requiring use of best management practices to reduce nu...