Jamison Fargo

Jamison Fargo
Utah State University | USU · Department of Psychology

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163
Publications
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Publications

Publications (163)
Article
Suicide rates continue to increase among service members/veterans. Military sexual harassment/assault (MSH/A) may increase risk of suicide, but little is known about the collective magnitude of associations between MSH/A and suicide outcomes, including ideation, plan, attempt, and mortality. The current meta-analysis addressed this literature gap w...
Article
Sexual dysfunction is associated with disorders commonly diagnosed in service members/veterans (SM/Vs; e.g., depression, posttraumatic stress disorder) and increased risk for suicide in service women. Theory indicates depression may play an important role in predicting sexual dysfunction in the presence of certain mental health challenges, such as...
Article
Objective The current study examined the moderating role of gender on the association of military sexual trauma (MST) type (harassment‐only vs. assault) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) using the 6‐factor Anhedonia Model. Methods Participants were 1321 service members/veterans. Two‐part hurdle models assessed the moderating role of gender...
Article
Background Assessment of genital-anal (GA) injuries following sexual assault promotes health and assists prosecutors to build a case. The pattern of injuries may help differentiate between consensual and non-consensual intercourse, bolster the survivors' credibility, and increase prosecutions in sexual assault cases. Objectives To identify the con...
Article
Introduction: Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of adolescent death. Inattention to the roadway contributes to crash risk. The objective of this study was to deploy an initial study of a web-based intervention (Let's Choose Ourselves) designed to improve adolescent driver attention to the roadway. Methods: We used a randomized controll...
Article
Background Exposure to military sexual trauma (MST) in veterans is associated with suicidal ideation. Previous research suggests there are mechanisms of this association, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. Research has yet to examine whether comorbid PTSD and depression mediate the association of MST and suicide and inte...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Experiences of sexual trauma are associated with adverse patient and health system outcomes, but are not systematically documented in electronic health records (EHR). Objective: To describe variations in how sexual trauma is documented in the Veterans Health Adminstration's EHR. Methods: Sexual trauma concepts were extracted from from 3...
Article
Background : Military sexual trauma (MST) is associated with increased risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression diagnoses, as well as suicidal ideation/behavior (SI/B). Little is known about the differential effect of gender on the association of MST and the aforementioned mental health outcomes. As females are the fastest growi...
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Full-text available
Purpose The storage-only deficit and joint mechanism deficit hypotheses are 2 possible explanations of the verbal working memory (vWM) storage capacity limitation of school-age children with developmental language disorder (DLD). We assessed the merits of each hypothesis in a large group of children with DLD and a group of same-age typically develo...
Article
Objective: Skin biomechanics are physical properties that protect the body from injury. Little is known about differences in skin biomechanics in racial/ethnic groups and the role of skin color in these differences. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between skin biomechanics (viscoelasticity, hydration) and skin color, wh...
Article
Background: Military sexual trauma (MST), and assault as opposed to harassment-only MST in particular, is associated with lower sexual function among female service members/veterans (SM/Vs). Recent research revealed that higher posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom clusters of anhedonia and dysphoric arousal mediated the association of assa...
Article
The Fitzpatrick Skin Phototypes (FSP) were developed to classify skin color and response to ultraviolet radiation. FSP are used clinically to assess risk for sunburn and skin cancer. Our aim was to determine the criterion-related validity of self-reported FSP when compared with skin color and sunburn history, controlling for age, race/ ethnicity, a...
Article
Purpose: A series of studies suggest that non-Hispanic White women have significantly more injuries than non-Hispanic Black women after sexual assault and consensual sexual intercourse. One explanation for this difference is that the degree of skin protection may vary as skin mechanics and skin pigmentation vary. The aim of the study was to determ...
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Full-text available
Military sexual trauma (MST) is a significant public health issue associated with adverse psychiatric outcomes, including heightened risk for suicide, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and substance use disorders. Recently, research has begun exploring gender-linked disparities in mental health outcomes for individuals who experience MST....
Article
Background: Despite national screening efforts, military sexual trauma (MST) is underreported. Little is known of racial/ethnic differences in MST reporting in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Objective: This study aimed to compare patterns of MST disclosure in VHA by race/ethnicity. Research design: Retrospective cohort study of MST...
Article
Extant research demonstrates that a history of military sexual trauma (MST) is associated with PTSD and depression diagnoses as well as heightened risk for suicidal ideation and death by suicide. Past studies of MST and its sequelae typically collapse harassment-only and assault MST screening items into a single response, recorded as positive or ne...
Article
Background: Cardiovascular disease accounts for more than half of all deaths in the hemodialysis (HD) population. Although much of this mortality is associated with fluid overload (FO), FO is difficult to measure, and many HD patients have significant pulmonary congestion despite the absence of clinical presentation. Cohort studies have observed t...
Chapter
Accurately estimating the incidence, prevalence, and composition of the population of Veterans who experience homelessness is important for planning and evaluating prevention and intervention strategies. However, several methodological considerations exist that are relevant to establishing and interpreting epidemiological estimates of homelessness...
Article
U.S. military veterans who were discharged from service for misconduct are at high risk for homelessness. Stratifying homelessness risk based on both military service factors and clinical characteristics could facilitate targeted provision of preventive services to those at critical risk. Using administrative data from the Department of Defense and...
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Full-text available
Purpose We assessed the potential direct and indirect (mediated) influences of 4 cognitive mechanisms we believe are theoretically relevant to canonical and noncanonical sentence comprehension of school-age children with and without developmental language disorder (DLD). Method One hundred seventeen children with DLD and 117 propensity-matched typ...
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Veterans who are discharged from military service due to misconduct are vulnerable to negative health-related outcomes, including homelessness, incarceration, and suicide. We used national data from the Veterans Health Administration for 218,608 veterans of conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan that took place after the events of September 11, 2001, to...
Article
Objective To develop and test predictive models of housing instability and homelessness based on responses to a brief screening instrument administered throughout the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Data Sources/Study Setting Electronic medical record data from 5.8 million Veterans who responded to the VHA's Homelessness Screening Clinical R...
Article
Objective To estimate health care utilization and costs incurred by homeless Veterans relative to nonhomeless Veterans and to examine the impact of a VA homelessness program on these outcomes. Data Sources/Study Setting Combined Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) administrative and Medicare claims data. Study Design Observational study using lon...
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Full-text available
Introduction: Veterans are overrepresented in the U.S. homeless population, comprising 8.6% of the general U.S. population, but 14% of the homeless population. Homeless veterans have several risk factors for eating disorder diagnoses, but the association of homelessness and eating disorders in this population is understudied. Given limited access...
Article
Background: Risky driving behaviors contribute to adolescent injury, disability, and death, yet little is known about how mental health factors are associated with adolescent driving behaviors. Objectives: The purpose of the research was to determine the association of risky driving behaviors and mental health symptoms in novice adolescent drive...
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Full-text available
Objective: Department of Veterans Affairs estimates of military sexual trauma (MST) suggest 27% of female veterans have experienced MST. However, Department of Defense data (Department of Defense, 2014) show that a subgroup of active-duty women do not report sexual assaults to a military authority, suggesting barriers to disclosure exist among mili...
Article
Background: The effects of sexual trauma on long-term health care utilization and costs are not well understood due to infrequent documentation of sexual trauma history in health care systems. The Veteran's Health Administration provides a unique opportunity to address this constraint as sexual trauma is actively screened for as part of routine ca...
Article
Background: Veterans experiencing homelessness frequently use emergency and urgent care (ED). Objective: To examine the effect of a Patient-aligned Care Team (PACT) model tailored to the unique needs of Veterans experiencing homelessness (H-PACT) on frequency and type of ED visits in Veterans Health Administration (VHA) medical facilities. Rese...
Article
Purpose Several risk factors have been identified in ongoing efforts by the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) to mitigate high rates of homelessness among veterans. To date, no studies have examined the relationship of rurality and distance to nearest VA facility to risk of homelessness. Due to challenges in accessing available services, the h...
Article
There has been limited conclusive research examining the personality characteristics of clergy who perpetrate abuse. To address this dearth of research, the current study aimed to develop a personality profile that distinguishes clergy members who sexually abuse children from other clergy. Personality and psychopathology were assessed using the Min...
Article
Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of adolescent death. Inattention to the roadway contributes to crash risk and often results from distractions, such as cell phone calls, texting, and peer passengers. We report on the development of a web-based intervention based on the Theory of Planned Behavior that aims to reduce adolescent driver inat...
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Full-text available
Severe mental illness (SMI) and substance use disorders (SUD) are among the more chronic and costly mental health conditions treated in the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). Service use patterns of returning veterans with SMI and SUD have received little attention. We examined gender differences in the utilization of VA services among a national...
Article
Objective: Evaluate the association of military sexual trauma (MST) screen status with eating disorder diagnoses among veterans within 1- and 5-years after initiating Veterans Health Administration (VHA) care, and whether the association varied by sex. Method: Retrospective cohort study of US Afghanistan/Iraq veterans who used VHA services betwe...
Article
Background Many dynamics in the relationship among military service-related disabilities, health care benefits, mental health disorders, and post-deployment homelessness among US Veterans are not well understood. Objectives Determine whether Veterans with a disability-related discharge from military service are at higher risk for homelessness, whe...
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Full-text available
Housing instability is associated with costly patterns of health and behavioral health service use. However, little prior research has examined patterns of service use associated with higher costs among those experiencing ongoing housing instability. To address this gap, we compared inpatient and outpatient medical and behavioral health service uti...
Article
Introduction: Mental illness and substance use disorders among newly returned military service members pose challenges to successful reintegration into civilian life and, in extreme cases, may lead to outcomes such as incarceration, homelessness, and suicide. One potential early indicator for these difficulties is non-routine discharge from milita...
Article
Effectiveness of screening for homelessness in a large healthcare system was evaluated in terms of successfully referring and connecting patients with appropriate prevention or intervention services. Screening and healthcare services data from nearly 6 million U.S. military veterans were analyzed. Veterans either screened positive for current or ri...
Article
Patient history of sexual trauma is of clinical relevance to healthcare providers as survivors face adverse health-related outcomes. This paper describes a method for identifying mentions of sexual trauma within the free text of electronic medical notes. A natural language processing pipeline for information extraction was developed and scaled to h...
Article
Effectiveness of screening for homelessness in a large healthcare system was evaluated in terms of successfully referring and connecting patients with appropriate prevention or intervention services. Screening and healthcare services data from nearly 6 million U.S. military veterans were analyzed. Veterans either screened positive for current or ri...
Article
Full-text available
Sexual trauma survivors are reluctant to disclose such a history due to stigma. This is likely the case when estimating the prevalence of sexual trauma experienced in the military. The Veterans Health Administration has a program by which all former US military service members (Veterans) are screened for military sexual trauma (MST) using a questio...
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Full-text available
Efforts are underway to understand recent increases in emergency department (ED) use and to offer case management to those patients identified as high utilizers. Homeless Veterans are thought to use EDs for non-emergent conditions. This study identifies the highest users of ED services in the Department of Veterans Affairs and provides descriptive...
Article
Introduction: Eviction from housing is associated with several negative outcomes, further exacerbated among high-need populations requiring financial and supportive services to maintain housing stability. This study investigated risk and protective factors-both characteristics and precipitating events of tenant eviction-informing permanent support...
Article
Objective: To determine the feasibility of using slow-paced respiration therapy to treat symptoms in women with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Background: People with PAH report increased dyspnea, fatigue and sleep disturbance that can impair health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Methods: Ten women with PAH received 8-weeks of daily,...
Article
Purpose: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depressive disorders (DD), and substance use disorders (SUD) are prevalent among veterans. A positive military sexual trauma (MST) screen is associated with higher likelihood of each of these disorders. The current study examined the associations between MST, gender, and co-occurring PTSD, DD, and SUD...
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Full-text available
The purpose of this study was to assess the basic psychometric properties of a progress-monitoring tool designed to measure narrative discourse skills in school-age children with language impairments (LI). A sample of 109 children with LI between the ages of 5 years 7 months and 9 years 9 months completed the Test of Narrative Language (TNL). The s...
Article
Importance: Military sexual trauma (MST) is associated with adverse physical and mental health outcomes following military separation. Recent research suggests that MST may be a determinant in several factors associated with postdeployment homelessness. Objective: To evaluate MST as an independent risk factor for homelessness and to determine wh...
Article
Objective: The objective of this study was to identify individual- and program-level characteristics associated with veterans' ability to move into permanent housing following receipt of a housing voucher and to identify factors associated with more rapid placement into housing. Methods: This study used secondary quantitative and primary quantit...
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Full-text available
Although borderline personality disorder (BPD) is frequently characterized by nonsuicidal self-injurious behavior (NSSI), suicide attempts (SA), suicidal ideation (SI), and/or suicide threats (ST), it is unclear whether these behaviors are precursors of BPD in adolescence. This study examined self-harm/suicide-related behaviors in the development o...
Article
Objective: This study examined veterans' responses to the Veterans Health Administration's (VHA's) universal screen for homelessness and risk of homelessness during the first 12 months of implementation. Methods: We calculated the baseline annual frequency of homelessness and risk of homelessness among all veterans who completed an initial scree...
Article
This study used Veterans Health Administration data to investigate the association between misconduct-related separations and homelessness among recently returned active-duty US military service members.Misconduct-related separations from the military are associated with subsequent adverse civilian outcomes that are of substantial public health con...
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Full-text available
Genital, anal and oral injuries sustained from sexual intercourse may explain HIV transmission among women. We determined the variability in genitoanal injury frequency and prevalence in women following consensual sexual intercourse, exploring the role of menstrual phase and hormonal birth control. We used a longitudinal, observational design with...
Article
We identified correlates of unsheltered status among Veterans experiencing homelessness and described distinct subgroups within the unsheltered homeless Veteran population using data from a screening instrument for homelessness that is administered to all Veterans accessing outpatient care at a Veterans Health Administration (VHA) facility. Correla...
Article
Despite many health benefits, children do not consume enough fruits and vegetables (F/V). The Food Dudes program increases in-school F/V consumption, but the cost of prizes might be an adoption barrier. Our aim was to compare the effects of the Food Dudes program when prizes vs praise are used to reward F/V consumption. We conducted a randomized co...
Article
Individuals working in churches and other youth-serving institutions have a unique level of access to children, yet the problem of sexual abuse in institutional settings has received scant research attention. To address this gap, we analyzed data from a large sample of clergy (N = 1,121) and applied a social-ecological model of offending to identif...
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Full-text available
Researchers at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) have used administrative criteria to identify homelessness among U.S. Veterans. Our objective was to explore the use of these codes in VA health care facilities. We examined VA health records (2002-2012) of Veterans recently separated from the military and identified as homeless using VA c...
Article
The purpose of this study was to develop the Parental Acceptance Questionnaire (6-PAQ), an instrument measuring the six primary processes theorized to contribute to psychological flexibility among parents. Items were collaboratively developed by a team of experts. Parents (N=181) were recruited from a public elementary school and administered a pil...
Article
Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) has promise as a clinical intervention for health-compromising behaviors. We used a randomized controlled design in an Emergency Department (ED) setting to determine the efficacy of a nurse-delivered SBIRT to address risky driving in people 18 to 44 years of age. Risky drivers (n = 47...
Conference Paper
Little is known about the extent of experiences of homelessness among US college students. However, virtually every school knows of homeless students (Berg-Cross & Green, 2010). Because of the stigma homelessness carries, students may try to conceal their homelessness from others, creatively making arrangements for sleeping and carrying out activit...
Article
This paper reports the findings of a study of the impact of the transformative professional development (TPD) model on student achievement on state-mandated assessments of science in elementary school. Two schools (one intervention and one control) participated in the case study where teachers from one school received the TPD intervention across a...
Article
Objectives: Veterans are overrepresented within the homeless population compared with their non-veteran counterparts, particularly when controlling for poverty. The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) aims to prevent new episodes of homelessness by targeting households at greatest risk; however, there are no instruments that systematically as...
Article
In recent years, permanent supportive housing (PSH) has emerged as the preferred intervention for addressing chronic homelessness in the United States. However, almost all prior studies examining the effectiveness of PSH have been conducted at the individual level, with only minimal attempts to empirically test the relationship between PSH and chro...
Article
Health-compromising behaviours in adolescents and adults co-occur. Because motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death and disability for these age groups, understanding the association between risky driving and other health-compromising behaviours is critical. We performed a secondary analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial of...
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Full-text available
Purpose This nonrandomized feasibility study was designed to provide a preliminary assessment of the impact of a narrative and vocabulary instruction program provided by a speech-language pathologist (SLP) in a regular classroom setting. Method Forty-three children attending 2 first-grade classrooms participated in the study. Children in each clas...
Article
Understanding the root causes of homelessness is important for developing effective solutions to the problem. This fact has not gone unnoticed by researchers, who have made numerous attempts to identify the underlying structural determinants of homelessness by modeling inter-community variation in the rate of homelessness as a function of community...
Article
Medical-legal-social science research has documented that nongenital and/or anogenital injuries play a significant role throughout the criminal justice system from victims reporting to judges determining the length of a sentence. What remains an open question is whether the documentation of anogenital injury influences women's willingness to engage...
Conference Paper
This presentation will describe the development, implementation and key features of the Homelessness Analytics Initiative (HAI), which is a web-based community planning tool set to be launched in early 2013 and developed through a collaboration between the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Develop...
Article
We examined data for all veterans who completed the Veterans Health Administration's national homelessness screening instrument between October 1, 2012, and January 10, 2013. Among veterans who were not engaged with the US Department of Veterans Affairs homeless system and presented for primary care services, the prevalence of recent housing instab...
Article
Objectives: We modeled rates of family and single-adult homelessness in the United States in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan regions and as a function of community-level demographic, behavioral, health, economic, and safety net characteristics. Methods: We entered community-level characteristics and US Department of Housing and Urban Developmen...
Article
Risky driving and hazardous drinking are associated with significant human and economic costs. Brief interventions for more than one risky behavior have the potential to reduce health-compromising behaviors in populations with multiple risk-taking behaviors such as young adults. Emergency department (ED) visits provide a window of opportunity for i...
Article
Background: We determined the intra- and inter-rater reliability of data from digital image color analysis between an expert and novice analyst. Methods: Following training, the expert and novice independently analyzed 210 randomly ordered images. Both analysts used Adobe(®) Photoshop lasso or color sampler tools based on the type of image file....
Article
Emergency departments (ED) are a point of care for many young adults and may provide a teachable moment leading to behavioral change. We determined the descriptive epidemiology of health-compromising behaviors in the young adult ED population by computing demographic-adjusted estimates of prevalence and frequency of hazardous drinking, risky drivin...
Article
Background Rape is a global health risk for women. We are exploring the role of skin colour in the forensic examination by studying women after consensual sexual intercourse (CSI). Aims/Objectives/Purpose Determine whether injury prevalence varies by ethnicity and skin colour following CSI; Evaluate whether recent (≤24 h) CSI increases injury from...
Article
Background Emergency department (ED) visits provide an opportunity to reduce risky driving and alcohol misuse, thereby reducing the risk for future injury. Aims/Objectives/Purpose To determine the efficacy of Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) addressing risky driving and alcohol misuse. Methods We implemented a random...
Article
Full-text available
Unlabelled: While intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual violence (SV) are highly associated with injury, the healthcare and legal significance of these injuries is controversial. Purpose: Herein we propose to explore the significance of injury in IPV and SV and examine the current status of injury classification systems from the perspective...
Article
Full-text available
The purpose of this study was to describe similarities and differences in structure-dependent features of narratives produced by 132 typically developing African American (AA) and European American (EA) children in a modeled elicitation context, across three age groups. Participants included 132 AA and EA children matched for gender, age, and geogr...
Article
Full-text available
Understanding the prevalence of and risk for homelessness among veterans is prerequisite to preventing and ending homelessness among this population. Homeless veterans are at higher risk for chronic disease; understanding the dynamics of homelessness among veterans can contribute to our understanding of their health needs. We obtained data on demog...
Article
Preventing and ending homelessness among Veterans in five years is a key priority for the White House as well as the United States Interagency Council on Homelessness and its member agencies. Prerequisite to this goal is accurate information about the number of Veterans experiencing homelessness as well as factors that contribute to their risk of h...
Article
The purpose of this article is to describe the vexing issues that arise as researchers try to define and assess the knowledge teachers need to teach reading and writing effectively in the primary grades. Over the past several years, the authors of this article have developed and tested an assessment system of teacher knowledge under a grant titled...
Article
We estimated the societal costs imposed by and the relative contributions of risky driving, drinking-driving, and substance use among young adults visiting a large urban emergency department who exhibited both high-risk driving and problem drinking. Emergency department patients aged 18 to 44 who screened positive for risky driving and problem drin...
Conference Paper
Although it has been suggested that homelessness has a persistently negative impact on earnings and employment, little empirical research exists to support this claim. We examined earnings and employment trends 10-years prior to and following the first instance of homelessness in order to better understand its economic impact. We explored how such...
Conference Paper
Homelessness within the US veteran population remains a significant public health and social justice problem. A major obstacle to progress in this area is the lack of comprehensive estimates of the prevalence of homeless veterans. Due to unique methodological advantages and limitations inherent in prior research, sometimes widely varying estimates...
Conference Paper
Rape is a serious public health risk for women. We are exploring the role of skin color in the management of rape injury. Purpose: 1) To estimate the prevalence of genital injury after consensual sexual intercourse (CSI); 2) To determine whether injury prevalence varies by ethnicity and skin color; 3) To evaluate whether recent (≤24 hours) CSI incr...