James R. Clark

James R. Clark
Plymouth Marine Laboratory | PML · Marine System Modelling Group

Doctor of Philosophy

About

31
Publications
22,391
Reads
How we measure 'reads'
A 'read' is counted each time someone views a publication summary (such as the title, abstract, and list of authors), clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the full-text. Learn more
3,270
Citations

Publications

Publications (31)
Preprint
Full-text available
Plastic pollution in the world’s oceans threatens marine ecosystems and biodiversity, leading to a loss of well-being for people1,2. The connected nature of the marine environment suggests that coordinated actions by countries sharing a common ocean border may provide more effective pollution control than unilateral actions by any one country. Howe...
Preprint
Full-text available
Plastic pollution in the world’s oceans threatens marine ecosystems and biodiversity, and ultimately people. The connected nature of the marine environment suggests that coordinated actions by countries sharing an ocean border may provide more effective pollution control than unilateral actions by any one country. However, economic theory and empir...
Article
Full-text available
Harnessing natural solutions to mitigate climate change requires an understanding of carbon fixation, flux, and sequestration across ocean habitats. Recent studies have suggested that exported seaweed particulate organic carbon is stored within soft‐sediment systems. However, very little is known about how seaweed detritus disperses from coastlines...
Preprint
Full-text available
Harnessing natural solutions to mitigate climate change requires an understanding of carbon fixation, flux and sequestration across ocean habitats. Recent studies suggest that exported seaweed particulate organic carbon is stored within soft sediment systems. However, very little is known about how seaweed detritus disperses from coastlines, or whe...
Article
Southeast Asia is considered to have some of the highest levels of marine plastic pollution in the world. It is therefore vitally important to increase our understanding of the impacts and risks of plastic pollution to marine ecosystems and the essential services they provide to support the development of mitigation measures in the region. An inter...
Article
Full-text available
Using automated imaging technologies, it is now possible to generate previously unprecedented volumes of plankton image data which can be used to study the composition of plankton assemblages. However, the current need to manually classify individual images introduces a bottleneck into processing chains. Although Machine Learning techniques have be...
Article
Full-text available
Continental margins are disproportionally important for global primary production, fisheries and CO 2 uptake. However, across the Northeast Atlantic shelves, there has been an ongoing summertime decline of key biota-large diatoms, dinoflagellates and copepods-that traditionally fuel higher tropic levels such as fish, sea birds and marine mammals. H...
Article
Full-text available
Sustained observations are required to determine the marine plastic debris mass balance and to support effective policy for planning remedial action. However, observations currently remain scarce at the global scale. A satellite remote sensing system could make a substantial contribution to tackling this problem. Here, we make initial steps towards...
Article
Full-text available
This paper describes an updated configuration of the regional coupled research system, termed UKC3, developed and evaluated under the UK Environmental Prediction collaboration. This represents a further step towards a vision of simulating the numerous interactions and feedbacks between different physical and biogeochemical components of the environ...
Article
Full-text available
This research takes a holistic approach to considering the consequences of marine plastic pollution. A semi-systematic literature review of 1191 data points provides the basis to determine the global ecological, social and economic impacts. An ecosystem impact analysis demonstrates that there is global evidence of impact with medium to high frequen...
Article
Full-text available
This paper describes an updated configuration of the regional coupled research system, termed UKC3, developed and evaluated under the UK Environmental Prediction collaboration. This represents a further step towards a vision of simulating the numerous interactions and feedbacks between different physical and biogeochemical components of the environ...
Article
Full-text available
The design of efficient monitoring programmes required for the assurance of offshore geological storage requires an understanding of the variability and heterogeneity of marine carbonate chemistry. In the absence of sufficient observational data and for extrapolation both spatially and seasonally, models have a significant role to play. In this stu...
Article
Microscopic plastic (microplastic) debris is a marine pollutant that threatens aquatic biota and ecosystems. Microplastics have been detected throughout the world's oceans; however, the relative importance of different processes that control the spatial distribution and long-term fate of microplastics in the marine environment remains largely unkno...
Article
Remarkable technological advances have revealed ever more properties and behaviours of individual microorganisms, but the novel data generated by these techniques have not yet been fully exploited. In this Opinion article, we explain how individual-based models (IBMs) can be constructed based on the findings of such techniques and how they help to...
Presentation
The abundance of larger plastic debris in many areas of the oceans is well documented; by contrast microplastics, especially those of a size ingestible by zooplankton, are often poorly quantified. Laboratory studies have established that suspension-feeding zooplankton readily ingest microplastics, although it remains unclear whether this is occurri...
Article
Full-text available
The European Regional Seas Ecosystem Model (ERSEM) is one of the most established ecosystem models for the lower trophic levels of the marine food web in the scientific literature. Since its original development in the early nineties it has evolved significantly from a coastal ecosystem model for the North Sea to a generic tool for ecosystem simula...
Article
Plastic debris is a widespread contaminant, prevalent in aquatic ecosystems across the globe. Zooplankton readily ingest microscopic plastic (microplastic, < 1 mm), which are later egested within their faecal pellets. These pellets are a source of food for marine organisms, and contribute to the oceanic vertical flux of particulate organic matter a...
Article
Full-text available
The ERSEM model is one of the most established ecosystem models for the lower trophic levels of the marine food-web in the scientific literature. Since its original development in the early nineties it has evolved significantly from a coastal ecosystem model for the North-Sea to a generic tool for ecosystem simulations from shelf seas to the 5 glob...
Article
The controls on the 'Redfield' N : P stoichiometry of marine phytoplankton and hence the N : P ratio of the deep ocean remain incompletely understood. Here, we use a model for phytoplankton ecophysiology and growth, based on functional traits and resource-allocation trade-offs, to show how environmental filtering, biotic interactions, and element c...
Article
Full-text available
Progress in microbiology has always been driven by technological advances, ever since Antonie van Leeuwenhoek discovered bacteria by making an improved compound microscope. Yet until very recently, we have not been able to identify microbes and record their mostly invisible activities such as nutrient consumption or toxin production on the level of...
Article
Full-text available
Marine phytoplankton are responsible for ∼50% of the CO 2 that is fixed annually worldwide, and contribute massively to other biogeochemical cycles in the oceans. Their contribution depends significantly on the interplay between dynamic environmental conditions and the metabolic responses that underpin resource allocation and hence biogeochemical c...
Article
Here we describe a new trait-based model for cellular resource allocation that we use to investigate the relative importance of different drivers for small cell size in phytoplankton. Using the model, we show that increased investment in nonscalable structural components with decreasing cell size leads to a trade-off between cell size, nutrient and...
Article
Full-text available
Geochemical evidence invokes anoxic deep oceans until the terminal Neoproterozoic ~0.55 Ma, despite oxygenation of Earth's atmosphere nearly 2 Gyr earlier. Marine sediments from the intervening period suggest predominantly ferruginous (anoxic Fe(II)-rich) waters, interspersed with euxinia (anoxic H(2)S-rich conditions) along productive continental...
Article
A key challenge for marine ecosystem and biogeochemical models is to capture the multiple ecological and evolutionary processes driving the adaptation of diverse communities to changed environmental conditions over different spatial and temporal scales. These range from short-term acclimation in individuals, to population-level selection, immigrati...
Article
Recent advances in genomics have led to a dramatic upwards revision of marine microbial diversity and a greater appreciation of the important role evolutionary dynamics play in structuring microbial communities. This has presented a significant challenge to marine ecosystem models, which are traditionally diversity poor, and often do not include ad...

Network

Cited By