Jale Yanik

Ege University · Department of Chemistry

This study presents a novel model for the simulation of co-gasification of rice husk and plastic using Aspen Plus. The new approach involved using an artificial neural network (ANN) to predict pyrolysis process involved in the gasification, purposely with the aim of providing a more realistic model. Three ANN models were developed with inputs as ul...

In this study, recycling of solid textile wastes into activated carbon and the potential use of these activated carbons in color removal were investigated. Cotton and cotton/polyester-blended fabric wastes and textile wastewater treatment sludge were selected as solid textile wastes. A two-stage method, low temperature carbonization, and chemical a...

Biyoçarlar, bitkisel ve hayvansal kaynaklı atıkların 400 C ve üzeri sıcaklıklarda oksijensiz ortamda ısıl bozunmasıyla elde edilen karbonca zengin malzemedir (1). Biochar, zamanımızın en umut verici malzemelerinden biridir. Bir toprak düzenleyici olarak istisnai özellikleri ile popüler hale geldikten sonra, daha birçok kullanım ve uygulama şekli (a...

Converting biomass into energy and fuels is considered a promising strategy for replacing the exhaustible fossil fuels. In this study, we report on a tandem process that combines cellulose pyrolysis and plasma-assisted reforming for H2 production. The hybrid pyrolysis/plasma reforming process was carried out in a two-stage reaction system incorpora...

Biomass gasification is a promising and sustainable process to produce renewable and CO2-neutral syngas (H2 and CO). However, the contamination of syngas with tar is one of the major challenges to limit the deployment of biomass gasification on a commercial scale. Here, we propose a hybrid plasma-catalytic system for steam reforming of tar compound...

Intensive growth of poultry production leads to generation of a large-scale accumulation of wastes, which is a critical concern for poultry farming. An environmentally friendly and effective solution is still being sought for sustainable management of poultry manure. In this study, evaluation of poultry manure both as a carbon source for production...

In this study, the effects of different pretreatment methods on the biochemical methane potential (BMP) of hurds from two hemp species, namely Narlısaray (NS) and Futura 75 (F), were investigated. The effect of pretreatment on BMP was discussed on the basis of the change in the chemical constituents of the raw material. The highest BMP yields of 27...

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has become a promising technology for the production of hydrochar and carbon spheres. Several studies indicate a strong dependency of the reaction conditions on the sphere diameter. The usage of additives, such as salts, is one possibility to increase the size of the spheres. However, the growth mechanism which lead...

The combustion performance of chars derived from vine shoots, wheat straw, and corn stover was investigated to assess the influence of both the biomass precursor and pyrolysis operating conditions. Chars were produced through slow pyrolysis at different peak temperatures (350 and 500 °C), pressures (0.1 and 0.5 MPa), and residence times of the vapo...

This study aimed to evaluate the role of biochar properties and application rate in the alleviation of negative impacts of salinity stress on the growth of salt-sensitive common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The biochar was obtained by slow pyrolysis of olive pruning at 400°C and characterized as high alkaline (9.3) and having a high cation exchang...

This study compares two thermal pre-treatment methods in the production of energy densified solid fuel from agricultural wastes. Olive tree pruning (OP) and vineyard pruning (VP) were subjected to torrefaction and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and characterized for fuel applications. Although both processes improved the fuel properties of prunin...

This study investigated the use of textile waste based biochars as fabric additives to improve the clothing performance and impart functional properties to textile materials. For this purpose, cotton, cotton/polyester and acrylic textile wastes were carbonized at low temperature and derived biochars were applied onto cotton fabrics by conventional...

As an alternative to biomass, biochar is known as a promising candidate to replace or co-process with coal as solid fuel. In this study, biochars were obtained from pyrolysis of olive tree pruning (OP) at different temperatures and duration in order to investigate their possible use in combustion and gasification processes alone or with lignite. St...

The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the effect of hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) conditions on the yield and the fuel properties of hydrochar obtained from food waste (FW) and its digestate (FD). The mass yield of hydrochars from FW and FD were found between 47.0 and 69.8%, 43.0 and 58.2%, respectively, under tested conditions. Ba...

Two-stage steam gasification process, including gasification and volatile reforming steps was proposed to produce hydrogen rich gas from spent coffee residues. For comparison purpose, one-stage steam gasification process was also performed. It was aimed to enhance the hydrogen rich gas production by using of coffee residue biochars. A special focus...

Sandpaper wastes were used as adsorbent after pyrolysis at 500 °C and calcination at 800 °C for the removal of brilliant green and malachite green cationic dye from an aqueous solution. The effects of the pH, the adsorbent dose, the contact time, and the initial dye concentration on the removal efficiencies were investigated. The isotherm studies w...

In this study, torrefaction of sunflower seed cake and hydrogen production from torrefied sunflower seed cake via steam gasification were investigated. Torrefaction experiments were performed at 250, 300 and 350 °C for different times (10–30 min). Torrefaction at 300 °C for 30 min was selected to be optimum condition, considering the mass yield and...

The properties of biochars obtained by the torrefaction of acrylic based textile wastes were investigated. Waste fibres were torrefied at 300-400 °C and the results indicated that acrylic based textile wastes could be converted into biochar with a high mass yield. Resultant biochars had similar properties to bituminous coal.

The impact of torrefaction on the NO and SO2 emissions from combustion of biomass was investigated. Combustion experiments were carried out with two torrefied biomass fuels, i.e., poultry litter and olive tree pruning and their blends with lignite using a bench scale single particle reactor. For comparison, NO and SO2 emissions from tests with unto...

In this study, the utilization of textile fibres as energy feedstock in the form of biochar was investigated depending on the fibre type. The biochars were produced from waste natural and synthetic fibres and its blends. For this purpose, different types of textile fibres (cotton, viscose, polyester, acrylic) and their blends (cotton/polyester, acr...

Trace elements are one of the important parameters for dark fermentative H2 production because they work as co-factors in H2 formation biochemistry. Lack or excess of trace element and its concentrations could be an important reason for the low yield of H2 production. In this study, the effects of 11 different trace elements (Fe, Ni, Zn, Co, Cu, Mn...

This study examined the influence of process variables on the hydrochar production from wet biomasses and compared the agronomic value of hydrochars with that of the biochars produced by dry carbonization. Response surface methodology was used to investigate the effect of each three process variables (temperature, biomass:water ratio and reaction t...

In this study, two thermochemical processes, namely steam gasification and supercritical water gasification (SCWG), were comparatively studied to produce hydrogen from food wastes containing about 90% water. The SCWG experiments were performed at 400 and 450 °C in presence of catalyst (Trona, K2CO3 and seaweed ash). The maximum hydrogen yield was o...

In this study, the effect of process variables, such as temperature, biomass:water ratio and reaction time, in hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has been studied for different type biomasses. Response surface methodology was used to study the influence of each factors as well as their combined interactive effect on the mass yield and energy density...

This study presents combustion behavior and emission results obtained for different fuels: poultry litter (PL) and its char (PLC), scrap tires (ST) and its char (STC) and blends of char/lignite (PLC/LIG and STC/LIG). The combustion parameters and emissions were investigated via a non-isothermal thermogravimetric method and experiments in a lab-scal...

In this study, different char based catalysts were evaluated in order to increase hydrogen production from the steam pyrolysis of olive pomace in two stage fixed bed reactor system. Biomass char, nickel loaded biomass char, coal char and nickel or iron loaded coal chars were used as catalyst. Acid washed biomass char was also tested to investigate...

The present work examined the use of biochar derived from tea waste as a novel electrode material. For the fabrication of the biochar electrode, suitable amounts of biochar and graphite were mixed with mineral oil for the first time. The electrochemical performance of the biochar-modified carbon paste electrode (BCPE) was measured by various cyclic...

In this study, the effect of the recirculation of spent liquor from hydrothermal carbonization was investigated depending on the biomass type (grape pomace, orange pomace and poultry litter). The yield and fuel properties of hydrochars and spent liquor characteristics were determined for each recirculation step. By recirculation, mass and energy yi...

Conversion of recalcitrant lignocellulosic biomass to renewable and valuable biopolymers has attracted global interest to build up sustainable societies. Delignification of biomass for separating such biopolymers (e.g., cellulose and lignin) has been used as an efficient process. However, conventional delignification methods suffer from considerabl...

Investigation of the addition of biochar in the response of salt sensitive plants to salt stress.

In this study, conversion of wastes from poultry farming and industry into biochar and bio-oil via thermochemical processes was investigated. Fuel characteristics and chemical structure of biochars and bio-oils have been investigated using standard fuel analysis and spectroscopic methods. Biochars were produced from poultry litter through both hydr...

Biomass is the only renewable resource towards carbon-based fuels capable to emit neutral-CO2. Pyrolysis is a viable route to produce a liquid fuel (bio-oil) from solid biomass, and bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of woody biomass is entering the market [1]. In the case of protein-rich substrates, such as algae, the abundance of nitrogen is a major dra...

In this study, the effect of the temperature and reaction time on hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of orange pomace was investigated. In addition, a set of anaerobic batch tests were performed to determine the resulting biogas and methane potential of the spent liquor. Hydrochar yields followed a decreasing trend with the increasing temperature, wh...

In this study, the biosorption capacity of Agaricus bisporus/white mushroom stump wastes was evaluated against basic (Basic Red 18), reactive (Levafix Braun E-RN) and acidic (Acid Red 111) dyes. The experiments were carried out with heat-dried and freezing-dried mushroom stump wastes (HDW and FDW). Freezing-dried mushroom stump wastes had laccase a...

Polypropylene/biomass waste composites and their constituents were gasified with steam by a two-stage process, in a dual-bed microreactor for the production of fuel gases. Gasification experiments were carried out at 700 °C gasification temperature in absence and presence of Fe2O3/CeO2 catalyst. The gases produced during the process were mainly H2,...

Thermal degradation of grape seeds alone and mixed with polyethylene was studied by TG-MSD and by pyrolysis at 500 °C, followed by GC-MSD analysis of liquid products. The maximum degradation rate was found at 390 °C for grape seeds and at 475 °C for polyethylene. Interactions are possible between the two materials or their degradation products at c...

Catalytic steam gasification of shells (almond and walnut) was carried out in a flow-type double-bed microreactor. Temperature-programmed thermal steam gasification of shells was performed at 200–850 °C, followed by the catalytic gasification of volatiles (including tar) at different temperatures. The iron–ceria catalyst and red mud (as the iron ox...

Thermal behavior of different types of biomass, namely forestry - Eucalyptus globulus sawdust, Norway spruce (Picea abies) therm mechanical pulp; agricultural - energy grass, Brassica rapa, and by-products - pine cones, grape seeds, was evaluated by thermogravimetry and by analytical pyrolysis. The liquid products from pyrolysis were analyzed by ga...

In this study, spent mushroom compost was investigated as a biosorbent for the removal of textile dyes from aqueous solution. Batch adsorption method was implemented for the study and analysis of the pH function, biosorbent amount, and contact time of the biosorption process. Biosorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model for A...

Grape pomace was treated by hydrothermal carbonization (sub-critical water, 175-275°C) and torrefaction (nitrogen atmosphere, 250 and 300°C), with mass yield of solid product (char) ranging between 47% and 78%, and energy densification ratio to 1.42-1.15 of the original feedstock. The chars were characterised with respect to their fuel properties,...

In this study, CO2 gasification of raw and acid-washed chars obtained from various types of lignocellulosic biomasses (woody and agricultural waste biomasses) was studied under isothermal conditions (850 °C) using thermal gravimetric analysis. The effect of surface area and alkali/earth alkali metals on the reactivity of the chars was investigated....

Thermal behaviour of different types of biomass, namely forestry – Eucalyptus globulus sawdust, Norway spruce (Picea abies) thermo mechanical pulp; agricultural – energy grass, Brassica rapa, and by-products – pine cones, grape seeds, was evaluated by thermogravimetry and by analytical pyrolysis. The liquid products from pyrolysis were analyzed by...

a b s t r a c t The pyrolysis of algal (Laminaria digitata, Fucus serratus and mix macroalgae species from Black sea) and lignocellulosic (safflower oil cake and grape seed) biomasses was studied at 500 • C in a fluidized bed reactor. The yields of pyrolysis products (char, liquid and gas) were quantified. Pyrolysis condensates were produced in two...

The thermal and catalytic pyrolysis of safflower oil cake was studied in a dual reactor system over catalyst; the first reactor containing no catalyst whereas the second reactor containing catalyst to upgrade the thermally cracked products. For comparison, pyrolysis experiments were also carried out in a single reactor system. The aim was to study...

The pine cone and oak cups pulp were used as low-cost adsorbents for the removal of basic (Basic Red 18) and acidic (Acid Red 111) dyes and Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions. The adsorbents were modified by HNO3 to improve their biosorption capacity. The adsorbents were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and FTIR spectroscopy. The zeta p...

In this study, one-step and two-step pyrolysis systems were compared in the pyrolysis of pine bark. One-step pyrolysis was performed in a fixed bed reactor with and without catalyst. Two-step pyrolysis was carried out in a dual reactor system over catalyst; the first reactor containing no catalyst whereas the second reactor containing catalyst to u...

In the present study, Oreganum onites L. stalks in natural and chemically modified with HNO3 and H3PO4 used as adsorbent for removal of both acidic and basic dyes from waters. The adsorption was studied as a function of pH and contact time by batch method. All tested biosorbents were characterized by FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy, and measuri...

In this study, different seaweed species were gasified in supercritical water as biomass feedstock. The experimental conditions were 500°C of temperature and 1h of reaction time. The amount of gases, the gas compositions and the amount of water soluble compounds from gasification were determined. The coke yields were found to be significantly lower...

Utilization of solid wastes from the leather industry as a potential alternative adsorbent for removal of Cr (VI), phenol and dyes from aqueous solution is the objective of this study. Chromium shaving and activated waste sludge from the tannery industry were used as an adsorbent. Although both shavings and waste sludge showed low removal efficienc...

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of pistachio shell as a biomass feedstock for the production of fungicidal oil and a precursor for the production of activated carbon by physical activation. For this purpose, pistachio shell was pyrolyzed in a fixed bed reactor at the different temperatures (300–600°C). The pyrolysis...

In the present study, the vine stem and modified vine stem were used as low cost adsorbents for the removal of acidic and basic dyes from aqueous solutions. A comparative study was also carried out with activated carbon obtained from vine stem and then the adsorption capacities of all adsorbents were evaluated by batch adsorption process. The effec...

The slow and fast pyrolysis of cherry seeds (CWS) and cherry seeds shells (CSS) was studied in fixed-bed and fluidized bed reactors at different pyrolysis temperatures. The effects of reactor type and temperature on the yields and composition of products were investigated. In the case of fast pyrolysis, the maximum bio-oil yield was found to be abo...

Low-temperature pyrolysis of Turkish Goynuk oil shale (GOS) and terebinth berries as individual objects and their dry and hydrous co-pyrolysis in a closed system, in an autoclave was studied. The effect of pyrolysis conditions (temperature and duration) on the yield of extracts (hexane and benzene), gas and organic residue was investigated. The com...

Activated carbons have been prepared from a lignocellulosic waste material by chemical activation. Phosphoric acid and zinc chloride have been used as activating agent. The influence of process variables on the carbons’ surface area was studied to optimize these parameters. The textural properties of active carbons were characterized by N2 adsorpti...

Biomass from pine cone (Pinus pinea L.) was co-pyrolyzed with synthetic polymers (PE, PP and PS) in order to investigate the effect of biomass and plastic nature on the product yields and quality of pyrolysis oils and chars. The pyrolysis temperature was of 500 °C and it was selected based on results from thermogravimetric analysis of the studied s...

In this study, utilization of a solid waste as raw material for activated carbon production was investigated. For this purpose, activated carbons were produced from chromium and vegetable tanned leather shaving wastes by physical and chemical activation methods. A detailed analysis of the surface properties of the activated carbons including acidit...

This study deals with pyrolysis of tetra pak which is widely used as an aseptic beverage packaging material. Pyrolysis experiments were carried out under inert atmosphere in a batch reactor at different temperatures and by different pyrolysis modes (one- and two-step). The yields of char, liquid and gas were quantified. Pyrolysis liquids produced w...

In this study, the conversion of waste sludge from a tannery industry into useful materials was the aim. For this purpose, the thermal behavior of waste sludge was investigated using thermogravimetry (TG) and a vertical fixed-bed reactor. Thermogravimetric analysis was performed at different heating rates to the temperature of 750 °C. The main pyro...

In this study, the activated carbons were prepared from pine cone by chemical activation. Boehm titration and FT-IR analysis were conducted to determine the surface groups of the activated carbons while N2 adsorption (77 K) was carried out to evaluate their pore characteristics. Zinc chloride produced activated carbon with a higher surface area and...