Jai Ghosh

• B.Sc.; M.Sc. and Ph.D. (Microbiology)
• Professor (Assistant) at Smt. K. W. College Sangli 416416. Maharashtra. INDIA

Silver nanoparticles are one of the most studied compounds in materials science due to their antimicrobial efficacies and, for instance, in photocatalysis, dye-sensitised solar cells, and biomedical devices. However, conventional methods of synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) require hazardous and costly chemicals, and a large amount of energ...

A combined theoretical and experimental investigation on a pharmaceutically important binary complex 3,3'-[(3-benzimidazolyl)methylene]bis(4-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one): 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2(3H)-imine is presented in this manuscript. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system with space group Cc with unit cell parameters: a = 1...

The Bengal tigers (Panthera tigris tigris) are very unique to India and Bangladesh. They are usually found in the mangrove forest of India and Bangladesh especially in the Gangetic delta region of both these countries. They have many unique characteristics like they are great swimmers and can catch their prey in water. With the rapid destruction of...

Skimmed Milk Powder (SMP) is a very common commodity both in household as well as an industrial raw material. The most common method of producing it is by Spray Drying of fluid skimmed milk. The fat content of the fluid skimmed milk should not exceed 1.5% and it will be evaporated to a solid content of 47% to 48% prior to drying. This article attem...

Mealybugs are no doubt a very minor infestation for many crop plants but can cause notable damage to horticultural plantation and the related products. It was however, responsible for the damage to the cassava crops in Africa during a draught a few years back resulting in wide spread famine in many east African countries. These pests are very diffi...

The most important and primary factor that is responsible for infectivity in any viral disease is the entry of viral nucleocapsid into the host cell. The viral capsid will attach only on specific sites on the cell membrane depending upon the chemotaxic nature. This article deals with some of the mechanisms of attachment of capsid on the host cell m...

Keywords: Coronavirus; H1N1 Virus; Swine Flu Virus (H1N2) The present pandemic with the novel corona virus (CoVID-19) has played havoc with global economy. No country is spared to suffer the next step of the disease and that is a bad recession in virtually every nation. One of the worst hit sector of the economy is the agricultural output from many...

The present work describes an efficient and environmentally benign four component synthesis of structurally diverse substituted pyrido-pyrimidines involving the reaction of barbituric acid, 4-hydroxy 6-methyl 2-pyrone, an aromatic aldehyde and ammonium acetate in low transition temperature mixture (LTTM) (glycerol:proline: 1:1). The LTTM serves as...

This review deals with certain terrestrial snakes like King Cobra, Vipers like Russell’s viper, Bushmasters (like Lachesis), Lance head vipers, Rattle snakes, Brown snakes and pseudo brown snakes like the King Brown snakes, Inland taipan and of course black mamba. One can generalize the observations even for some of the deadly venomous coral snakes...

It is no doubt interesting to note that like all industries, even the food processing industries have become conscious about energy conservation. There are scattered reports on how other physical methods can reduce the heat consumption during processing, especially of liquids other than milk. This review deals with such a method and brings out the...

The growing population of human beings is demanding more food from the land under cultivation. It means that the cultivators use better varieties which will give higher yields per unit land. Secondly it has become a practice to do Integrated Disease Management to protect the crop from many diseases (especially of fungal origin). Synthetic chemicals...

The expansion of proficient and environmentally benign synthetic protocols has engrossed increasing attention in recent organic syntheses in view of the mounting concern over the environment. As part of this green concept, our group designed novel LTTM by using Glycerol and proline (1:1) at reflux condition, and effectiveness of novel DES or LTTM h...

Annona cherimola (to be pronounced as cherimoya) is a fruit normally found in Latin American countries like Ecuador, Colombia, Peru and Bolivia. It normally grows on certain altitude and hence found on the slopes of Andes [1]. However, later on it was grown in most tropical regions like parts of South Eastern Asia including India [1]. The other spe...

Psoriasis is a skin disorder where there is large amount of keratinocytes is produced during damage repair of epidermis of the skin and it is replaced every 3 to 5 days thereby, exposing premature cells to the environment. This causes itching and pain to the patients. The disease is hereditary and is due to some abnormalities of the immune system....

One of the most common diseases of bone is arthritis. This disease affects the movable joints like that of knee, knuckles and some time hip joint. The three types of arthritis that are usually observed are osteoarthritis, rheumatoid osteoarthritis and gout related osteoarthritis. Basically in all these types of osteoarthritis, vitamin K related die...

Osteoporosis in women after menopause is a common disease. It is extremely painful disease which shows frequent fracture of bones especially in vertebras, especially in very elderly women usually over 62 to 65 years of age. Many orthopedics advice them to consume more calcium rich foods, to ameliorate the painful suffering. Therapeutically, these p...

One pot three component reaction of 4-hydroxy-6-methylpyran-2-one, 3-methoxy benzaldehyde, and malononitrile in water using protic ionic liquid as a catalyst at room temperature afforded pyrano[4,3-b]py- ran derivatives. Protic ionic liquid has been proved to be an efficient and mild catalyst for the synthesis of pyrano[4,3-b]pyran scaffolds due to...

In-vitro antifungal screening of reported pyrimido[4,5-b]quinolines derivatives has been reported against plant pathogenic fungi Aspergillus flavus and Colletotrichum truncatum, Ceratocystis paradoxa using agar diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration determined against selected fungal strains. Most of the tested scaffolds exhibited t...

Endotoxin is a major component of the outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria. It was observed that endotoxin plays an important role in the pathogenicity of Gram-negative bacterial infections. In humans, it is a potent mediator of a broad range of patho-physiological effects mostly in the gasterointestinal tracts. Hence, these are also refer...

An efficient green protocol has been investigated for the synthesis of pyrimido[4,5-b]quinolines derivatives via one-pot three-component condensation of 4-chloro aniline, aromatic aldehyde and barbituric acid using low transition temperature mixtures as new generation and sustainable solvents. The process was accomplished with the use of greener an...

Food science and Technology deals with dietary components and works towards preserving their nutritional values and sometime converting these to some value added products keeping in mind the sensory qualities as desired by the customers. However, time has come to attach significance to the toxicological effect of these dietary components too. In ph...

Obesity is very appropriately defined as the Body Mass Index (BMI) above 30 Kgs/m2 on an average. No doubt, one of the important factors for it is the genetic or hereditary factor. However, nutrition do play an important role too. Any person who has a eating habit which is not a balanced diet can tend to become obese. Many people feel that by havin...

It has been observed that there is hardly any bacterial disease of lemon fruit. The reason for this has been well established by many authors working on the antimicrobial properties of the extract of the peel of this fruit. Several gram negative and gram positive bacteria has been used for such studies. Several compounds have been found to be prese...

Bread was known to be a staple food right from the dawn of agriculture. It is one of the oldest and largest consumed food stuff across the globe by all age groups. However, it was made from wheat endosperm flour only leavened by the yeast-Saccharomyces cerevisiae and baked suitably. With passage of time, increasing industrialization, increasing num...

Phytochemical screening and their antibacterial activity of plant are important parameters which lead to the isolation of new and novel compounds. Cryptocoryne spiralis (Retz) Fischer ex Wydler var. spiralis (CSS) and Cryptocoryne retrospiralis (Roxb) Kunth (CR), leaf and rhizome have been selected for phytochemical screening to identify the differ...

Water is one of the most vital natural resource, and is crucial for survival of all living organism. One of the major polluting sources of this water is the industrial effluents. In developing countries, most of the industries are operated in small and medium scales and some of these like electroplating and tannery industries discharge waste which...

It is an editorial article

The surface engineering of rutile phase TiO2 nanoparticles was performed by carbogenic carbon dots for biological applications. Carbon dots were synthesized by a green hydrothermal method from the ginger herb and TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation of TTIP. The carbon dots were successfully coated over the surface of TiO2 nanopa...

Banana chips are very common snacks like potato chips, all over the world. These are produced by deep frying in edible oil which are then either plain salted or spiced before packaging. The primary packaging of the chips depends on the desired shelf life of the products. If these are sold fast, then normally these are packed in polyethylene bags or...

History of Solid State Fermentation (SSF) is very well known to everyone in the field of pharmaceuticals and food processing. It is widely applied to producing several enzymes, organic acids, flavoring compounds etc., which must be extracted and purified and then used in different products. However, there are very few scattered reports, reviewing S...

Bacillus species are ubiquitous bacteria commonly present in soil, water, milk and milk product and Proteus valgaris is normal flora of humans. These organisms produce variety of exotoxins, proteases and other extracellular enzymes which are not only responsible for food spoilage and food poisoning but also act as virulence factors. Exotoxins were...

The significance of phytochemicals in chemotherapy is well known. However, most of these are used for systemic applications. There is an equally important need to search affordable source of such phytochemicals which can be used topically as disinfectants primarily as first aid dressing, prior to being treated by registered medical practitioners. T...

Manganese is a transition element like iron. However, it exists in different valencies like 2, 3, 4 and 7. Of these, Mn2+ is highly water soluble, but is rarely found in natural conditions. Mn4+ is the least water soluble and under different pH and redox conditions it can slowly become colloidal in natural water. It exists naturally as a very commo...

Tubers of Amorphophallus species are used as an ingredient in ayurvedic formulations. The tuberous roots of the species of Amorphophallus campanulatus Bl. are used traditionally for the treatment of piles, abdominal pain, tumors, enlargement of spleen, asthma and rheumatism, beside stomachic and appetizer properties. In this investigation the tuber...

Endosulfan has been banned in several developed nations; it is still the farmers’ favorite in many developing nations. The farmers use this pesticide indiscriminately resulting in high residues in soil. The objective of this investigation is not to reestablish the findings of other researchers regarding the residual endosulfan quantity in different...

In a country like India eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is a common fruit consumed by majority of the people. It is usually prepared as an accompaniment to the main food like rice or roasted bread (made from wheat or sorghum flour). It can be cooked by boling, frying or even by broiling over flame. The vegetable is cultivated in all scale, right fr...

Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju) cultivated in the laboratory was studied for nutritional constituents, flavor components, antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Nutritional constituents estimated per 100 g dry weight (d.w.) include protein (29.3 g), carbohydrate (62.97 g), crude fat (0.91 g), ash (6.82 g) and crude fiber (12.3 g). Energy...

This investigation is aimed to reduce the pollution and ecotoxicological impact of the paper and pulp industry effluent by Rhodococcus sp. NCIM 2891. It was observed that the Rhodococcus sp. NCIM 2891, when grown in the presence of the effluent, there was a significant decrease in levels of biological oxygen demand (81.25%) 30 mg/L and chemical oxy...

Pandanus amaryllifolius leaves are used in food preparation in Asian countries as flavoring agent. It was primarily used for giving a particular fragrance to rice preparation. Later on it was used in bread preparation to give a typical nutty flavor. The aroma compound is 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline derived from amino acid - phenylalanine. In this investig...

Dates i.e. fruits of Phoenix dactylifera, have tremendous nutraceutical properties. These are rich in minerals, assimilable sugars, water soluble vitamins and fibers. The fruits are consumed to regain vitality which may be lost due to overexertion like in case of field laborers mostly in tropical countries. It can be used to treat spleen disorders...

Saracca indica is a terrestrial tree found in tropical rain fed areas across the world. In India it is mostly found in peninsular region and in the foot hills of Himalaya mountain range. Till date its bark has found tremendous pharmacological application due to the presence of sterols like ergosterol which is a precursor of certain prostaglandins....

In this study an attempt has been made to study the effect of endosulfan, which has half life of 50 days. Certain microorganisms in soil like Azospirillum, which is an associative nitrogen fixer, also secrete Indole Acetic Acid. Like wise Azotobactor secrete Gibberellic acid. Both these are essential plant growth regulators. These substances play i...

The main objective of this study was to make a formulation which can be easily taken by the consumer. Therefore, it was decided to make a health drink, keeping in view the varied need of different consumers. Garden cress (Lepidium sativum) belongs to family Cruciferae and is grown in India, North America and parts of Europe. The edible whole seed i...

Malolactic fermentation of wine is an important process by which the wine gets a slight acid taste and the corresponding esters gives pleasant flavor. This is important in normal and sweet wine. In case of dry wine it can be considered as very insignificant. In this investigation it has been observed that, the wine which are not very expensive, and...

Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju) cultivated in the laboratory was studied for nutritional constituents, flavor components, antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Nutritional constituents estimated per 100 g dry weight (d.w.) include protein (29.3 g), carbohydrate (62.97 g), crude fat (0.91 g), ash (6.82 g) and crude fiber (12.3 g). Energy...

: The main objective of this study was to make a formulation which can be easily taken by the consumer. Therefore, it was decided to make a health drink, keeping in view the varied need of different consumers. Garden cress (Lepidium sativum) belongs to family Cruciferae and is grown in India, North America and parts of Europe. The edible whole seed...

The isolate of Bacillus atrophaeus JS-2 (GeneBank accession number JN409601) was found to produce a bacteriocin which showed antimicrobial properties against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Aspergillus niger. There was prominent proteolytic activity with some lipolytic activ...

Garcinia indica C or commonly known as Kokum and is widely distributed in coastal India. The fruit is mainly found during the summer months, and the rind of the fruit is salted and dried and preserved for use in other parts of the year when it is not available fresh. The rind possesses an important phenolic compound called as Garcinol. The importan...

The present study reports the economic production of thermostable chitinase production from Oerskovia xanthineolytica NCIM 2839 by solid-state fermentation (SSF) technique and its application in fungal protoplasts formation. The Oerskovia xanthineolytica NCIM 2839 was found to produce thermostable chitinase 148 U g(-1) of solid substrate in SSF usi...

Abstract: The main objective of the study is extraction, identification of antimicrobial compounds and demonstration of antimicrobial activity of lemon (Citrus lemon L.) peel against bacteria. As microorganism are becoming resistant to present day antibiotics, our study focuses on antimicrobial activity and future prophylactic potential of the lemo...

2-Mercaptobenzothiazolyl-(Z)-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(tert-butoxycarbonyl) isopropoxyiminoacetate is used as supplementary additives in commercial-grade insecticides to compensate for the time factor needed for the actual pesticide chemical to start its action. This investigation describes the biodegradation of 2-mercaptobenzothiazolyl-(Z)-(2-amino...

The main objective of this investigation is to detoxify the water insoluble dyes like Vat Blue 66 which is other very difficult to decolorize. Wastewater from the textile and other dyestuff industries contain significant amount of synthetic dyes that require prior treatment to prevent groundwater contamination upon being discharged. The microbial d...

The study was done with the objective of tannic acid degradation by tannase from the Rhodococcus NCIM 2891 which is actually a desulfurizing bacteria. Rhodococcus NCIM 2891cultivated in medium containing 0.1% Tannic acid, produced tannase which showed maximum activity after 24 h. The enzyme was purified by DEAE cellulose ion exchange chromatography...

In this study, the food spoilage by the action of psychrophilic lipase has been investigated with respect to chicken meat and liver, which are stored at chilling temperatures in many places like the supermarkets. The lipolytic activity of some of the major psychrophilic bacterial population of chicken meat and liver available in the local market wa...

Abstract: The main objective of the study is extraction, identification of antimicrobial compounds and demonstration of antimicrobial activity of lemon (Citrus lemon L.) peel against bacteria As microorganism are becoming resistant to present day antibiotics, our study focuses on antimicrobial activity and future prophylactic potential of the lemon...

The main aim of this study was to purify Catechol 1, 2 dioxygenase from phenol utilizing Rhodococcus sp. NCIM 2891 which is basically an organism used wide for desulfurization purposes like desulfurization of diesel. The organism was cultivated in minimal medium supplemented with 500 mg/L phenol, as a sole carbon source. The temperature of incubati...

The main aim of this study was to purify Catechol 1, 2 dioxygenase from phenol utilizing Rhodococcus sp. NCIM 2891 which is basically an organism used wide for desulfurization purposes like desulfurization of diesel. The organism was cultivated in minimal medium supplemented with 500 mg/L phenol, as a sole carbon source. The temperature of incubati...

Dried apricot or dried Prunus armeniaca as well as raisins or Vicis vinifera are very rich in nutrients. These contain vitamin A, lycopene, β-carotene, polyphenols like resveratrol like other antioxidants which quenches free radical damage to cells and tissues. [3-carotene helps protect LDL cholesterol from oxidation thus prevent related heart dise...

The thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis strain JS was isolated from a bed of mushrooms, Pleurotus sajor-caju. The organism could produce a novel, single-component, thermostable chitinase that was purified by ion-exchange chromatography using DEAE-cellulose in 7.64% yield and in an 8.1-fold enhancement in purity. Its molecular weight is 22kDa. The e...

Catharanthus roseus (periwinkle) is an important medicinal plant for novel pharmaceuticals since most of the bacterial pathogens are developing resistance against many of the currently available anti microbial drugs. Plants have proved to be significant natural resources for effective chemotherapeutic agents and offering a broad spectrum of activit...

The mesophilic organism, Oerskovia xanthineolytica NCIM 2839, was adapted to grow at moderate thermophilic temperatures. At these elevated temperatures, it was found to produce two thermostable chitinases--C1 and C2. These were purified by ion exchange chromatography using DEAE cellulose. The chitinases C1 and C2 were found to be stable in a pH ran...

The Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) pulp extracts were screened for their anti-microbial activities using the agar well diffusion method and detection of phytochemicals was carried out by Gas-Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The extracts were tested against seven bacteria and three fungal strains. Among all tested microorganisms the tamarind...

Milk is one of the m ost affordable source of many nutritions like proteins and vitamins. Many peopledo not like to consume milk in its liquid form. Therefore, there are several products which are made out milkcalled as Dairy Products, which preserve the nutritive values of milk and makes it easily acceptable toconsumers. One such class of products...

Lactobacilli are important organisms used in several lactic acid fermentations. Lactobacilli cultured in milk perform activities like breaking down of lactose to simple sugars, proteolysis, lipolysis and lactic acid production. Lactobacillus depends on proteolytic system for degradation of protein – casein in milk from which they get their complex...