Jagdish Khubchandani

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• MBBS, PhD
• Professor at New Mexico State University

In the past century, there have been several pandemics. Within the context of global health, these pandemics have often been viewed from the lens of determinants such as population, poverty, and pollution. With an ever-changing world and the COVID-19 pandemic, the current global determinants of public health need to be expanded. In this editorial,...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly transformed many sectors, including medicine, surgery, and public health. While AI has a multitude of unique characteristics that differ from the existing and most commonly used healthcare technologies worldwide, the discussion and publications on AI in healthcare have grown exponentially within the past few...

The rapid growth of healthcare technology, information systems, and their adjuncts indicates a need for well-considered policies, greater research, actions, and active involvement of stakeholders at all levels in modern-day healthcare systems. Health-related technology is created, maintained, and integrated into medical infrastructure by humans, fo...

Healthcare workers (HCWs) and health systems comprise one of the most critical, diverse, and largest industries globally. Healthcare and public health research is often focused on population disease prevention and management, health and disease risks among the public, patient treatment and outcomes, drug and device innovations, healthcare costs, qu...

Breast cancer (BC) and depression are globally prevalent problems. Numerous reviews have indicated the high prevalence of depression among BC survivors. However, the long-term impact of depression on survival among BC survivors has not been well explored. For this investigation , we aimed to explore the relationship between BC, depression, and mort...

Background: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a major public health issue in South Asia, with significant contributions to mortality and morbidity in the region. Despite ongoing efforts to mitigate their impact, RTIs continue to place a heavy strain on the health systems and economies of South Asian countries. In this study, we quantified the econom...

Firearm-related injuries remain a significant public health issue in the United States, with patterns and trends among various age groups not well characterized. This study analyzed time series trends and disparities in firearm injury rates among U.S. working-age adults from 2000 to 2021. A retrospective analysis using data from the National Electr...

Background: Tracheal Bronchus and Lung cancers (TBL) represent one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. This study aimed to examine the disease and economic burden of TBL cancers in 185 countries worldwide in 2022. Methods: The estimates of TBL cancer incidence and mortality (counts and age-standardized rates) were obtained from the GL...

Diet fads and supplements have become an integral part of modern health culture, growing steadily in popularity over the years. What started as relatively simple practices has now evolved into a booming industry, driven by societal pressures, technological advancements, and changing cultural ideals. From promises of quick weight loss to claims of i...

Background As set out in Sustainable Development Goal 3.3, the target date for ending the HIV epidemic as a public health threat is 2030. Therefore, there is a crucial need to evaluate current epidemiological trends and monitor global progress towards HIV incidence and mortality reduction goals. In this analysis, we assess the current burden of HIV...

Background Over the past several decades, the overweight and obesity epidemic in the USA has resulted in a significant health and economic burden. Understanding current trends and future trajectories at both national and state levels is crucial for assessing the success of existing interventions and informing future health policy changes. We esti...

Background/Objectives: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a leading cause of mortality in the United States (U.S.), with rates varying by disease severity, comorbidities, and sociodemographic factors. Cognitive impairment has been independently associated with increased mortality, but has not been well studied in relation to COPD despi...

Background The COVID-19 pandemic caused profound socioeconomic disruption in addition to claiming millions of lives worldwide. Beyond the infection-related mortality, a chronic and morbid condition known as “Long-COVID” is now getting increasing attention. Scholars and clinicians around the world are still trying to ascertain which COVID-19 variant...

Abstract Background and Aims Hypertension continues to be a major public health problem affecting almost half of the adults in the US. The intersection of hypertension with food insecurity has not been well-examined specifically among minority populations. We aimed to examine the influence of food insecurity on mortality among adult Hispanics. Met...

Abstract Background/Objectives: Social isolation (SI) and loneliness (L) are the long-standing critical concerns impacting the mental well-being of older adults. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated existing vulnerabilities, leading to a notable rise in perceived social isolation (PSI) and its associated risks among an aging population. Reportedl...

Food insecurity is characterized by the restricted or unclear access to nutritionally sufficient and safe food, or the inability to obtain food through socially acceptable means. This issue is notably widespread among African Americans, who encounter elevated levels of food insecurity relative to other racial and ethnic groups. The National Health...

Objectives: In this study, the trends and current situation of the injury burden as well as attributable burden to injury risk factors at global, regional, and national levels based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 are presented. Study design: To assess the attributable burden of injury risk factors, th...

American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN) have consistently exhibited suicide rates that surpass all other racial and ethnic groups in the United States. However, not much has been published regarding the epidemiology of AI/AN youth suicides. The objectives of this study on AI/AN adolescents were to assess the prevalence of suicidal thoughts and...

Purpose Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and food insecurity are widely prevalent among adult Americans, but the long term impact of food insecurity on CKD outcomes is not well explored. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to prospectively assess the impact of food insecurity on mortality risk among American adults with CKD. Methods The Nat...

Up-to-date estimates of stroke burden and attributable risks and their trends at global, regional, and national levels are essential for evidence-based health care, prevention, and resource allocation planning. We aimed to provide such estimates for the period 1990–2021. We estimated incidence, prevalence, death, and disability-adjusted life-year (...

Background Metal oxide nanoparticle–reinforced polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) has been shown to improve mechanical properties, such as strength. Different types of metal oxide nanoparticles have been used previously, but the comparative effect on the strength of heat-cured denture base resins remains unclear. Objective This is a protocol for a sys...

Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses an important global health challenge in the 21st century. A previous study has quantified the global and regional burden of AMR for 2019, followed with additional publications that provided more detailed estimates for several WHO regions by country. To date, there have been no studies that produce com...

Background Gaining insight into African American women’s health behavior desires and weight management is pivotal since they have the highest prevalence of obesity in the U.S. Exploring an association between psychological factors (e.g. acculturation status and readiness to change) and anthropometric characteristics, including body mass index (BMI)...

The role of C Reactive Protein (CRP) in predicting long-term outcomes among people living with cancer has not been well explored. We aimed to assess the role of elevated CRP in predicting all-cause mortality among a community-based sample of adult Americans living with cancer. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2010 was link...

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive disease associated with autoimmune systemic inflammation. The evidence on the role of C-reactive protein (-CRP) in predicting mortality among people with COPD remains mixed. Methods Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2010) were linked with mo...

Summary Background Future trends in disease burden and drivers of health are of great interest to policy makers and the public at large. This information can be used for policy and long-term health investment, planning, and prioritisation. We have expanded and improved upon previous forecasts produced as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injur...

Purpose: Food insecurity and colorectal cancer (CRC) are widely prevalent problems in the U.S. However, the long-term effects of food insecurity among people living with CRC are not well explored (e.g., risk of mortality). Methods: Data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (years 1999–2010) were linked with mortality data...

Background/Aims Poor education is connected to many diseases including cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and some CVD-related risk factors such as obesity. However, precisely how this relationship occurs is unknown. In this research we will be exploring how the connection between obesity and overall mortality is modified by rheumatoid arthritis (RA)....

Background/Aims Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been known to be connected with many comorbidities and vascular diseases. Depression is two times more common in the RA population versus the general population. In this research, we will demonstrate the effect of depression on overall mortality and how the connection is influenced by rheumatoid arthrit...

Background/Aims Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is connected to many comorbidities and vascular diseases. Cancer also has certain inflammatory impact on the physiological mechanisms. However, the precise connection between these variables are unknown. In this research, we determined if there was an association between cardiovascular disease and overal...

Background Disorders affecting the nervous system are diverse and include neurodevelopmental disorders, late-life neurodegeneration, and newly emergent conditions, such as cognitive impairment following COVID-19. Previous publications from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor Study estimated the burden of 15 neurological conditio...

Background Estimates of demographic metrics are crucial to assess levels and trends of population health outcomes. The profound impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on populations worldwide has underscored the need for timely estimates to understand this unprecedented event within the context of long-term population health trends. The Global Burden of D...

Background Neck pain is a highly prevalent condition that leads to considerable pain, disability, and economic cost. We present the most current estimates of neck pain prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) by age, sex, and location, with forecasted prevalence to...

Background Smoking and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) have a disproportionately high prevalence among African-American (AA) adults, but their impact on mortality is not well known. Methods Given the lack of evidence in published literature on specific factors affecting the relationship between chronic kidney disease and mortality among AA adults, we...

Aim of the work: To investigate the mortality risk in a random sample of community-dwelling adult Americans with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), depression, or both. Patients and methods: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2005 to 2010 on American adults aged 30 years and older were analyzed after linking individual part...

There is a dearth of population-based studies regarding firearm-related deaths and years of potential life lost among American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN). Using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) We Based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS) data for the three most recent years (2018–2020), we analyzed...

Background: The burden of non-communicable diseases (e.g., hypertension) has become exceedingly high as a consequence of the epidemiological transition. Further insights into the socio-demographic determinants of hypertension specifically among women are much needed for prevention initiatives. Objective: The objective of this study was to examine t...

Abstract Purpose Interpersonal violence is a leading cause of adolescent deaths and disability. This study investigates sex differences in burden of interpersonal violence for adolescents and explores associations with gender inequality. Method Using data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study, we report numbers, proportions, rates of inter...

HIV/AIDS has been a major threat to global public health, with India ranking third when it comes to the global burden of people living with HIV, especially women. It is imperative to assess the level of knowledge women have about transmission and prevention of this infection. This study sought to delineate the determinants of the comprehensive know...

Introduction Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and depression are leading global public health problems associated with profound disability and lower quality of life. Extensive evidence suggests that the two disorders are frequently comorbid. However, long-term effects such as the risk of mortality due to depression among people living with T2D are not well ex...

Summary Background Unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning is a largely preventable cause of death that has received insufficient attention. We aimed to conduct a comprehensive global analysis of the demographic, temporal, and geographical patterns of fatal unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning from 2000 to 2021. Methods As part of the latest Glo...

Key points: The Evidence is a scientific, peer-reviewed journal introduced in response to widespread healthcare misinformation and disinformation. The journal aims to provide rigorously vetted, evidence-based research, focusing especially on fields frequently misunderstood or misrepresented. While many journals contribute to scientific understandin...

Background Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease associated with disability and premature death. Up-to-date estimates of the burden of rheumatoid arthritis are required for health-care planning, resource allocation, and prevention. As part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021, we...

This index meta-analysis estimated the pooled prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among individuals with monkeypox (mpox) globally. We searched seven databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, ProQuest, EBSCOHost, and Cochrane, for human studies published in English till 04 January 2023, as per International Prospective Registe...

Background: There is significant pathogenic and epidemiological overlap between diabetes and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This systematic review aimed to ascertain the association between OSA and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a diabetic population. Methods: The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023404126). On 15 July 2023, a...

While Black-White disparities in the burden of mental disorders were well established during the pandemic, little is known about the mental health care received during the pandemic among these two groups. To address this knowledge gap, we analyzed the Household Pulse Survey data from phase 2 (August 19, 2020) to phase 3.4 (May 9, 2022) that include...

Background Although meningitis is largely preventable, it still causes hundreds of thousands of deaths globally each year. WHO set ambitious goals to reduce meningitis cases by 2030, and assessing trends in the global meningitis burden can help track progress and identify gaps in achieving these goals. Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases,...

Background Anaemia is a major health problem worldwide. Global estimates of anaemia burden are crucial for developing appropriate interventions to meet current international targets for disease mitigation. We describe the prevalence, years lived with disability, and trends of anaemia and its underlying causes in 204 countries and territories. Metho...

Law enforcement officers in the U.S. are more likely to use lethal force against non-Hispanic Black citizens than on their non-Hispanic White counterparts. The purpose of this study was to assess estimates of the national prevalence of fatal firearm violence by law enforcement officers (LEOs) against non-Hispanic Black Americans. The Web-Based Inju...

Background: Although meningitis is largely preventable, it still causes hundreds of thousands of deaths globally each year. WHO set ambitious goals to reduce meningitis cases by 2030, and assessing trends in the global meningitis burden can help track progress and identify gaps in achieving these goals. Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases...

Background Asthma and atopic dermatitis (AD) are chronic allergic conditions, along with allergic rhinitis and food allergy and cause high morbidity and mortality both in children and adults. This study aims to evaluate the global, regional, national, and temporal trends of the burden of asthma and AD from 1990 to 2019 and analyze their association...

Background: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and affects people regardless of country, age group, or sex. Using the most recent evidentiary and analytical framework from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD), we produced location-specific, age-specific, and sex-specific estimat...

Background Low back pain is highly prevalent and the main cause of years lived with disability (YLDs). We present the most up-to-date global, regional, and national data on prevalence and YLDs for low back pain from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021. Methods Population-based studies from 1980 to 2019 identified i...

Background: Low back pain is highly prevalent and the main cause of years lived with disability (YLDs). We present the most up-to-date global, regional, and national data on prevalence and YLDs for low back pain from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021. Methods: Population-based studies from 1980 to 2019 identified...

Objectives Despite most childhood infections being self-limiting, children are among the leading consumers of antibiotics. Little is known about parental expectations of antibiotics for childhood infections. A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to explore the nature and extent of parental expectations of antibiotic pres...

Most research on lethal force by law enforcement officers (LEOs) has focused on firearm deaths by LEOs among certain racial groups (e.g., African Americans). Specifically, not much is known about LEOs-induced lethal injuries among Hispanics. The purpose of this study was to characterize LEOs induced fatal injuries, the methods used, among various d...

Background People living with schizophrenia (PLS) suffer frequent relapse accompanied by emergency room visits, premature mortality, lower quality of life and a substantial social and economic burden on families and health systems. There is a dearth of community-based relapse prevention interventions (RPIs) in Iran. Aims To determine an ideal mode...

Background Reducing the burden of death due to infection is an urgent global public health priority. Previous studies have estimated the number of deaths associated with drug-resistant infections and sepsis and found that infections remain a leading cause of death globally. Understanding the global burden of common bacterial pathogens (both suscept...

Mental health system responsiveness (MHSR) is one of the important indicators in measuring the performance of mental health systems. Recognizing this function can be effective in responding appropriately to the needs of People with Pre-Existing Psychiatric Disorders (PPEPD). This study aimed to investigate MHSR during the COVID-19 period in PPEPD i...

Background Universal access to safe drinking water and sanitation facilities is an essential human right, recognised in the Sustainable Development Goals as crucial for preventing disease and improving human wellbeing. Comprehensive, high-resolution estimates are important to inform progress towards achieving this goal. We aimed to produce high-res...

Fenugreek is used for medicinal purposes in various traditions. Some studies have demonstrated that the seeds of this plant may have an anti-diabetic effect by lowering fasting blood sugar levels and improving glucose tolerance. We conducted a systematic review of the hypoglycemic effects of fenugreek. An electronic literature search was carried ou...

With the first few cases being reported in non‐endemic countries by May 2022, soon, the Monkeypox disease (MPXD) outbreaks received widespread global scientific and popular media attention. Within 3 months, by early September 2022, the global MPXD burden rose to more than 50,000 cases with the majority of the countries reporting cases [1] This arti...

Access the full text version of the article here: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanrhe/article/PIIS2665-9913(23)00098-X/fulltext

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy has remained a significant concern among adults worldwide. However, not much is known about parental vaccine hesitancy for getting children vaccinated for COVID-19 in the U.S. Thus, the purpose of this study was to conduct a national assessment of parents' preferences for COVID-19 va...

Firearms are a substantial cause of death for pre-school children (ages 0–5 years). The purpose of this study was to characterize fatal firearm violence in this age group. The Web-Based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS) data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were analyzed for the years 2010–2020. There w...

Background Human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is still among the leading causes of disease burden and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and the world is not on track to meet targets set for ending the epidemic by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and the United Nations Sustaina...

Background: Monkeypox is a global public health concern, given the recent outbreaks in non-endemic countries where little scientific evidence exists on the disease. Specifically, there is a lack of data on asymptomatic monkeypox virus infection. This study aims to evaluate the overall prevalence of asymptomatic monkeypox virus infection. Methods: I...

Abstract: Understanding socioeconomic inequalities in non-communicable disease prevalence and preventive care usage can help design effective action plans for health equality programs among India’s aging population. Hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are frequently used as model non-communicable diseases for research and policy purposes...

Adherence to national physical activity guidelines among youth ages 6-11 in the United States is low. The emergence of COVID-19 and the public health measures implemented in response may have decreased children’s physical activity even further. We conducted an online survey among parents of students attending Columbus Elementary School in Columbus,...

The World Health Organization declared MPX a global public health emergency in the last week of July 2022 [8]. We analysed data before this declaration, and it remains to be seen if the WHO declaration will sensitize the public to MPX outbreaks or heighten the need for information via online searches. Based on our analysis, for the first 2 months o...

Firearm injuries are the leading cause of death for youths 19 and younger in general and the third leading cause of death for non-Hispanic Black youths. Child Access Prevention (CAP) laws have been explored concerning their impact on firearm mortality reduction among heterogenous groups of youth, but not specifically among non-Hispanic Black youths...

Given the lack of empirical evidence on the influence of PHEIC declarations, we wanted to assess the impact of the MPX PHEIC declaration on the nature and extent of the general publics’ interest in the disease in the U.S. To assess the extent of changes in the public interest in MPX disease in the U.S., a rapid Infodemiology analysis was conducted...

Background More than 3 billion people do not have access to clean energy and primarily use solid fuels to cook. Use of solid fuels generates household air pollution, which was associated with more than 2 million deaths in 2019. Although local patterns in cooking vary systematically, subnational trends in use of solid fuels have yet to be comprehens...

Introduction: Lack of consent from brain dead individuals’ families is a major impediment for organ donation (OD) which is caused by several factors. Families need to receive information and support before, during, and after OD. Involving social workers in the transplantation team could be helpful. Methods: To develop a guideline for OD‑related s...

Little is known about the mental health impact of having a family member or friend infected with COVID-19. Thus, the purpose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive national assessment of the psychological impact of COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, or death among family members and friends. A multi-item valid and reliable questionnaire was...

Background: The global burden of lower respiratory infections (LRIs) and corresponding risk factors in children older than 5 years and adults has not been studied as comprehensively as it has been in children younger than 5 years. We assessed the burden and trends of LRIs and risk factors across all age groups by sex, for 204 countries and territor...

Most research on suicides focuses on youth or the elderly and dominant groups of a population. The purpose of this study was to assess suicide trends for non-elderly adult Hispanics (age 20–64 years) over the past decade (2010–2020). Data from the Web-Based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS) were analyzed for the study period. S...

Background: Globally, transport and unintentional injuries persist as leading preventable causes of mortality and morbidity for adolescents. We sought to report comprehensive trends in injury-related mortality and morbidity for adolescents aged 10-24 years during the past three decades. Methods: Using the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and...

Summary Background Globally, transport and unintentional injuries persist as leading preventable causes of mortality and morbidity for adolescents. We sought to report comprehensive trends in injury-related mortality and morbidity for adolescents aged 10–24 years during the past three decades. Methods Using the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries,...

Background High prevalence of diabetes has been reported in the Americas, but no comprehensive analysis of diabetes burden and related factors for the region is available. We aimed to describe the burden of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and that of hyperglycaemia in the Americas from 1990 to 2019. Methods We used estimates from GBD 2019 to evaluate t...

Background: Combating viral hepatitis is part of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and WHO has put forth hepatitis B elimination targets in its Global Health Sector Strategy on Viral Hepatitis (WHO-GHSS) and Interim Guidance for Country Validation of Viral Hepatitis Elimination (WHO Interim Guidance). We estimated the global, regional, a...

The impression that college campuses are becoming more dangerous places where firearm violence is common (moral panic) is simply untrue. The result of this erroneous impression is that a contentious debate regarding whether concealed carry of firearms on college campuses makes campuses safer has been occurring on both college campuses and in state...

The demand for transplantable organs has outpaced the supply. Thus, 20 Americans die every day while waiting for an organ. Although most adults support organ donation, 42% are not registered. The rate is even lower among young adults who are not enrolled in/never graduated from college. The aim of this study was to use the Integrated Behavior Model...

Background: Despite the availability of COVID-19 vaccines and the proven benefits of vaccinations outweighing the potential risks, hesitancy to accept vaccines and additional doses remains a persistent problem. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to investigate hesitancy, confidence, literacy, and the role of the multi-theory model (MTM) constr...

OBJECTIVES People with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk for falls and fall-related injuries. Depressive disorders (DEP) are common in individuals with CKD and may increase the risk of falls and fall-related injuries. However, not much is known about the relationship between DEP and falls in people with CKD. The purpose of this stu...

A total of 17 studies were included in this global review, the majority (n=12/17) of these studies surveyed practicing dentists (n=2,983 participants from 11 countries) and the rest (n=5/17) surveyed dentistry college students (n=7,805 participants from 23 countries). The overall rate of COVID-19 vaccination refusal among practicing dentists worldw...

Background and aims Several studies have reported the association of sweetened beverages (SB) with cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship between SB and cardiovascular mortality has not been clearly established. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the association between SB consumption and cardiovascular mortality. Met...

Suicides are among the 10 leading causes of death in U.S. children 12 years of age and younger. The purpose of this study was to examine trends and methods of suicide in children by race and gender from 2010 to 2019, the most recent years of data available from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Child suicides statistically significant...

Suicides in Hispanic adolescents have been increasing significantly. Less clear is the extent of suicides in Hispanic children younger than 12 years of age. The purpose of this study was to explore the trends and methods of suicides in Hispanic children from 2010 to 2019 (latest data available across the United States). Suicide is the 7th leading c...