Jadranka Stojanovska

• MD, MS
• Professor (Assistant) at University of Michigan

Cardiomyopathies represent a diverse group of heart diseases that can be broadly classified into ischemic and nonischemic etiologies, each requiring distinct diagnostic approaches. Noninvasive imaging modalities, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), play a pivotal role in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and pro...

Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance 2024 Conference (CMR2024) convened in London, UK, from 24 to 26 January 2024 and brought together 2705 learners and renowned cardiac imaging professionals to discuss and learn about the latest advancements. Organized by the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) and the European Association of Cardiov...

Background Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is increasingly utilized to evaluate expanding cardiovascular conditions. The Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) Registry is a central repository for real-world clinical data to support cardiovascular research, including those relating to outcomes, quality improvement, and machine...

Myocardial involvement was shown to be associated with an unfavorable prognosis in patients with COVID-19, which could lead to fatal outcomes as in myocardial injury-induced arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. We hypothesized that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) myocardial strain parameters are sensitive markers for identifying subclinical cardi...

The diagnosis of severe COVID-19 lung infection is important because it carries a higher risk for the patient and requires prompt treatment with oxygen therapy and hospitalization while those with less severe lung infection often stay on observation. Also, severe infections are more likely to have long-standing residual changes in their lungs and m...

Mitral annular disjunction (MAD) refers to atrial displacement of the hinge point of the mitral valve annulus from the ventricular myocardium. MAD leads to paradoxical expansion of the annulus in systole and may often be associated with mitral valve prolapse (MVP), leaflet degeneration, myocardial and papillary muscle fibrosis, and, potentially, ma...

Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is defined as excessive production and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, resulting in pathologic myocardial remodeling. Three types of MF have been identified: replacement fibrosis from tissue necrosis, reactive fibrosis from myocardial stress, and infiltrative interstitial fibrosis from progressive deposit...

Background: Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) is the most common form of cyanotic congenital heart disease, where right ventricular (RV) function is an important determinant of subsequent intervention. Objective: In this study, we evaluate the feasibility of fast strain-encoding (fastSENC; a one-heartbeat sequence) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for a...

Background: Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) places patients at high risk for adverse events. In this study, we aim to evaluate the association between left atrial function and time to adverse events such as all-cause mortality and cardiovascular hospitalizations related to RCM. Material and methods: In this single-center study, ninety-eight pat...

Most cardiac studies focus on evaluating left ventricular (LV) systolic function. However, the assessment of diastolic cardiac function is becoming more appreciated, especially with the increasing prevalence of pathologies associated with diastolic dysfunction like heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Diastolic dysfunction is an...

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a nonatherosclerotic cause of myocardial infarction in young and middle-aged women that has gained increasing awareness in recent years. Its diagnosis presents a challenge. Invasive coronary angiography is the primary imaging modality for diagnosing SCAD; however, it carries risk in these patients, w...

The number of implanted devices such as orthopedic hardware and cardiac implantable devices continues to increase with an increase in the age of the patient population, as well as an increase in the number of indications for specific devices. Many patients with these devices have or will develop clinical conditions that are best depicted at MRI. Ho...

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is considered the gold standard for measuring cardiac function. Further, in a single CMR exam, information about cardiac structure, tissue composition, and blood flow could be obtained. Nevertheless, CMR is underutilized due to long scanning times, the need for multiple breath-holds, use of a contrast agent,...

Blunt cardiac injuries range from myocardial concussion (commotio cordis) leading to fatal ventricular arrhythmias to myocardial contusion, cardiac chamber rupture, septal rupture, pericardial rupture, and valvular injuries. Blunt injuries account for one-fourth of the traumatic deaths in the United States. Chest radiography, transthoracic echocard...

Background: 7T cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) introduces several advantages, as well as some limitations, compared to lower-field imaging. The capabilities of ultra-high field (UHF) MRI have not been fully exploited in cardiac functional imaging. Aim: To optimize 7T cardiac MRI functional imaging without the need for conducting B1 shim...

CMR is considered the gold standard for measuring heart function, including cardiac volumes and mass. Further, in a single CMR exam, information about cardiac function, structure, tissue composition, and blood flow could be obtained. Nevertheless, CMR is underutilized due to long scanning times, the need for multiple breath-holds, use of a contrast...

OBJECTIVE. Patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) require cardiac MRI (CMRI) for a variety of reasons. The purpose of this study is to review and evaluate the value and safety of CMRI for patients with in situ CIEDs. CONCLUSION. Late gadolinium enhancement CMRI is the reference standard for assessing myocardial viability in pa...

OBJECTIVE. A spectrum of pathophysiologic mechanisms can lead to the development of myocardial disorders including ischemia, genetic abnormalities, and systemic disorders. Cardiac MRI identifies different myocardial disorders, provides prognostic information, and directs therapy. In comparison with other imaging modalities, cardiac MRI has the adva...

Purpose of the Review The purpose of this study is to review the utility of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in diagnosing and differentiating among different cardiac masses. Recent Findings Recent advances in tissue characterization have made CMR the noninvasive modality of choice in differentiating cardiac masses. Greater spatial resolut...

Objective: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a frequent problem in clinical practice and can be caused by diverse conditions including hypertension, aortic stenosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, athletic training, infiltrative heart muscle disease, storage and metabolic disorders. Identification of the precise etiology can be challenging and i...

OBJECTIVE. An important application of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac MRI is accurate assessment of myocardial scar before ablation. However, this is often limited in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) because of metal device-induced artifacts. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a modified wideba...

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The study aims to understand if pro inflammatory epicardial white adipose phenotype is positively associated with coronary atherosclerosis, while the brown adipose phenotype is negatively associated. Primary outcome is association between epicardial fat fraction and coronary atherosclerosis and cardiac function. Secondary...

This work was done by a team that included members from both the University of Michigan and UCSD. The authors compared the performance of radiologists interpreting images with virtual reality goggles versus a standard picture archiving and communication system (PACS) monitor. The findings indicated that performance of a commercially available VR sy...

Rationale and objectives: The journal impact factor (JIF) is often used to assess the prestige of scientific journals. Citations from original articles and reviews as well as citations from noncitable items contribute to the numerator in these calculations. However, since noncitable articles are not included in the denominator, the JIF may be skew...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an extremely useful tool for the detection and characterization of numerous pathologic processes. Although patients can benefit from the use of MRI, claustrophobia is a major issue in some cases. This fear alone can lead to cancellation of the scanning procedure in some cases and the need for conscious sedation i...

Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is the gold standard for imaging myocardial viability. An important application of LGE CMR is the assessment of the location and extent of the myocardial scar in patients with ventricular tachycardia (VT), which allows for more accurate identification of the ablation targets....

Quantifying the amount of brown adipose tissue (BAT) within white adipose tissue (WAT) in human depots may serve as a target to combat obesity. We aimed to quantify proton density fat fraction (PDFF) of BAT and WAT in relatively pure and in mixed preparation using water-fat imaging. Three ex-vivo experiments were performed at 3 T using excised inte...

Cardiac MRI tagging is a valuable technique for evaluating regional heart function. Currently, there are a number of different techniques for analyzing the tagged images. Specifically, k-space-based analysis techniques showed to be much faster than image-based techniques, where harmonic-phase (HARP) and sine-wave modeling (SinMod) stand as two famo...

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The goal is to understand the underlying mechanism of epicaridial fat biology and its response to cardiometabolic disease by using quantitative multi-echo Dixon (mDixon) of water and lipid sequence, T2* blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) sequence of iron content, and data analysis methods to determine the quantity of brow...

Rationale and objectives: The study aimed to determine if intrathoracic fat volumes are associated with the presence and severity of systemic sclerosis (SSc), defined by the presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Materials and methods: A total of 265 patients were included in the study, 202 of whom had SSc (134 had SSc with no PAH an...

Background Frequent premature ventricular complexes (PVC) have been associated with increased mortality. However, the optimal approach to the risk stratification in these patients is unclear. Objective The purpose of this study was to prospectively assess the use of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and programmed ventricular stimulation to...

Background Knowledge of complex arrhythmogenic substrates can help plan ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Objective We sought to assess whether pre-procedural late-gadolinium enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (LGE-MRI) can improve ablation outcomes in DCM. Methods Consecutive patients (n=96) wi...

In patients with chronic chest pain in the setting of high probability of coronary artery disease (CAD), imaging has major and diverse roles. First, imaging is valuable in determining and documenting the presence, extent, and severity of myocardial ischemia, hibernation, scarring, and/or the presence, site, and severity of obstructive coronary lesi...

The incidence of congenital heart disease (CHD) has been increasing in the adult patient population in part as a result of better patient survival. Patients with more severe CHD are living longer. Nearly all adults with known CHD require periodic imaging as a means of monitoring their disease process. Furthermore, adult patients with suspected CHD...

Intrathoracic fat volume, more specifically, epicardial fat volume, is an emerging imaging biomarker of adverse cardiovascular events. The purpose of this work is to show the feasibility and reproducibility of intrathoracic fat volume measurement applied to contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography images. A retrospective cohort study of...

Objective: The purpose of this article is to describe the importance of clinical decision rules for pretest assessment of the probability of the presence of pulmonary embolism (PE), the effect of use of the rules on the yield of pulmonary CT angiography, and obstacles to implementation of the rules in clinical practice. Conclusion: Pulmonary CT...

Aims Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been reported to be safe in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) provided a specific protocol is followed. The objective of this study was to assess whether this is also true for patients excluded from published protocols. Methods and results A total of 160 MRIs were obtained in 142...

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine if direct in-person communication between an acute care surgical team and radiologists alters surgical decision making. Methods: Informed consent was waived for this institutional review board-exempt, HIPAA-compliant, prospective quality improvement study. From January 29, 2015 to December 10, 2015...

Background In type I diabetes (T1DM), alterations in LV function may occur due to changes in innervation, metabolism, and efficiency. Objectives We evaluated the association between sympathetic nerve function, oxidative metabolism, resting blood flow, LV efficiency and function in healthy diabetics, and assessed gender differences. Methods Cross-se...

Parametric response mapping (PRM) of inspiration and expiration computed tomography (CT) images improves the radiological phenotyping of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). PRM classifies individual voxels of lung parenchyma as normal, emphysematous, or nonemphysematous air trapping. In this study, bias and noise characteristics of the PR...

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the appropriateness of utilization and diagnostic yields of CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA), comparing two commonly applied decision rules, the pulmonary embolism (PE) rule-out criteria (PERC) and the modified Wells criteria (mWells), in the emergency department (ED) setting. Methods: Institutional re...

Pre- and postoperative evaluation, serial follow-up studies, and screening examinations of the aorta are performed with noninvasive cross-sectional imaging modalities like CT and MR imaging. MR imaging allows for dedicated comprehensive evaluation without exposure to iodinated contrast or ionizing radiation. The additional advantage of MR imaging i...

To determine whether intrathoracic fat volumes are associated with presence and chronicity of atrial fibrillation (AF) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) treatment outcome. IRB approval was obtained and patient consent was waived for this HIPAA-compliant retrospective study. 169 patients with AF (75 non-paroxysmal and 94 paroxysmal) and 62 control p...

Rationale and Objectives To assess whether left atrial (LA) volume, function, and diameter as determined by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) are associated with the presence and chronicity of atrial fibrillation (AF). Materials and Methods A total of 232 subjects, 156 with AF (43 with chronic and 113 with paroxysmal) and 76 normal subjects...

IntroductionLeft ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumetric and functional parameters are important biomarkers for morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure.PurposeTo retrospectively determine reference mean values of LV and RV volume, function and mass normalised by age, gender and body surface area (BSA) from retrospectiv...

Objective: The purpose of this article is to review both expected and unexpected thoracic CT manifestations of nonsurgical breast cancer treatment with multimodality imaging correlation. Specific topics include the spectrum of posttherapy changes attributed to chemotherapy and radiation therapy and the spread of breast cancer. Conclusion: Thorac...

Sudden cardiac death is defined as death from unexpected circulatory arrest-usually a result of cardiac arrhythmia-that occurs within 1 hour of the onset of symptoms. Proper and timely identification of individuals at risk for sudden cardiac death and the diagnosis of its predisposing conditions are vital. A careful history and physical examination...

PURPOSE/AIM 1. Review classification, clinical and imaging features of congenital conditions that may lead to sudden cardiac death 2. Review cardiac CT/MRI techniques used to evaluate patients with an emphasis on technical advances 3. Discuss the clinical potential of CT and MRI in evaluating these patients and to correlate clinical and imaging fin...

The purpose of this study was to retrospectively determine CT-based normal reference values of left atrial volume, function, and diameter normalized by age, sex, and body surface area. The study group consisted of 74 subjects with normal findings at ECG-gated coronary CT angiography performed with retrospective gating. Analysis of left atrial volum...

Congenital malformations of the thoracic aorta can be discovered on chest radiographs when associated with symptoms or found incidentally. We review the imaging anatomy and associations of many of the aortic arch malformations that can be encountered in adults and highlight key points with regard to their treatment and prognoses. An understanding o...

Background: Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is the standard for evaluating cardioembolic sources of stroke, although many strokes remain cryptogenic after TEE. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging may have advantages over TEE. We performed a prospective pilot study comparing CMR to TEE after stroke to assist in planning future definitiv...

Although prior studies have described the anatomy of the mitral isthmus in patients undergoing left atrial (LA) ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF), none has examined the impact of isthmus anatomy on the likelihood of achieving conduction block. The purpose of this study was to identify morphologic characteristics of the mitral isthmus that may in...

Many available physical activity questionnaires (PAQs) are limited due to either focus on recreational activities or burdensome length. We sought to assess the reliability and validity of a new short PAQ that captures all activity types. The 12-item multiple-choice PAQ-M included eight activity domains, providing a total Physical Activity Score (PA...

Clinical History A 78-year-old woman with nonspecific chest pain and palpitations was found to have a hyperechoic mass in the interatrial septum (IAS) on echocardiography. Contrast-enhanced chest CT was performed for further evaluation of the mass.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) on radiologists' estimates of the likelihood of malignancy of lung nodules on computed tomographic (CT) imaging. A total of 256 lung nodules (124 malignant, 132 benign) were retrospectively collected from the thoracic CT scans of 152 patients. An automated CAD system...

To retrospectively investigate the effect of a computer-aided detection (CAD) system on radiologists' performance for detecting small pulmonary nodules in computed tomography (CT) examinations, with a panel of expert radiologists serving as the reference standard. Institutional review board approval was obtained. Our dataset contained 52 CT examina...

Lung cancer is the most common worldwide malignant disease according to its incidence and mortality. The aim of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of the radiological and imaging methods, according to the TNM classification, compared to postoperative histological diagnosis. Thirty-seven patients with pulmonary carcinoma were studied pro...

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A is an important mediator of angiogenesis in almost all solid tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of VEGF-A expression on tumor growth, perfusion, and chemotherapeutic efficacy in orthotopic 9L gliosarcomas. Stable 9L cell lines underexpressing and overexpressing VEGF-A were generated....

This study investigates the comparative changes in the sodium MRI signal and proton diffusion following treatment using a 9L rat glioma model to develop markers of earliest response to cancer therapy. Sodium MRI and proton diffusion mapping were performed on untreated (n = 5) and chemotherapy 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea-treated rats (n = 5...

To investigate diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging as a quantitative surrogate marker for evaluating the therapy-induced cellular changes in an orthotopic experimental glioma model, tumors were treated with direct intratumoral administration of DTI-015, a solution of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) in 100% EtOH. Intracerebral...

The increasing development of novel targeted therapies for treating solid tumors has necessitated the development of technology to determine their efficacy in preclinical animal models. One such technology that can non-invasively quantify early changes in tumor cellularity as a result of an efficacious therapy is diffusion MRI. In this overview we...

HTML Purpose: To investigate diffusion weighted MRI as a quantitative surrogate marker for evaluating the therapeutic-induced cellular changes associated with direct intratumoral administration of DTI-015 into orthotopic experimental gliomas. Methods and Materials: Intracerebral 9L tumors were induced in Fischer-344 rats. Three treatment groups wer...

PURPOSE/AIM To discuss the prevalence and cardiac risk in diabetic patients. To review the distribution and amount of atherosclerotic plaque in conjunction with patient age and sex To correlate imaging findings with patient symptoms, given that silent myocardial ischemia occurs in diabetic patients CONTENT ORGANIZATION Risk of development of CAD...

PURPOSE/AIM 1. To review the operative technique and types of coronary artery bypass grafts along with 2D and 3D post operative graft anatomy on 64-slice CT. 2. To review bypass graft pathology as pertaining to the graft proper and evaluation of the distal run-off vessels. 3. To evaluate early and late bypass graft complications. CONTENT ORGANIZA...

PURPOSE/AIM 1. To review clinical features, etiology, classification and morphologic variants of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) 2. To discuss Cardiac MR techniques and recent technical advances in studying patients with HCM 3. To understand role of MRI in initial evaluation,differential diagnosis, risk stratification and post treatment assesment...

PURPOSE/AIM 1. To review classification, clinical and imaging features of non-ischemic cardiomyopathy 2. To explain MRI techniques used to study patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy with an emphasis on recent technical advances. 3. To discuss the clinical potential of MRI and the significance of MRI findings in non-ischemic cardiomyopathy CON...