Jacob Louis Eberhardt

Lund University | LU · Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund

The aim of this work was to study possible effects of environmental radiation pollution on plants. The association between cellular telephone (short duration, higher amplitude) and base station (long duration, very low amplitude) radiation exposure and the growth rate of soybean (Glycine max) seedlings was investigated. Soybean seedlings, pre-grown...

Investigations on exposure to electromagnetic have generated conflicting results both in epidemiological and laboratory studies, leaving their possible health consequences largely inconclusive. One of the well-reported reasons for the discrepancies is that there is no generally accepted theory to describe the interactions between the very weak elec...

Understanding the interaction mechanisms between electromagnetic field and living system has been a challenging issue since the middle of the 20 th century. Many biophysical theories have been developed but still nowadays the theoretical framework of bioelectromagnetism is complex and more investigations are needed in this field to develop a unifie...

Abstract. Effect of 915 MHz electromagnetic fields (EMF) on the blood brain-barrier (BBB) permeability has been studied in Fischer 344 rats of both sexes. Male and female Fischer 344 rats were exposed in a Transverse Electromagnetic Transmission line chamber to microwaves of 915 MHz as continuous wave (CW) and pulse-modulated with different pulse p...

The question whether very weak, low frequency magnetic fields can affect biological matter is still under debate. The theoretical possibility of such an interaction is often questioned and the site of interaction in the cell is unknown. In the present study, the influence of extremely weak 60 Hz magnetic fields on the transport of Ca(2+) was studie...

To investigate whether mobile phone radiation might affect snail nociception, employing radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMF) which, to our knowledge, have hitherto not been studied in a snail model. Exposure to extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields has however been shown to significantly affect nociceptive responses. In the pres...

Since the late 1980s, our group has examined the effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF), including pulse-modulated waves of the type emitted by mobile phones, upon the blood–brain barrier. In more than 2,000 rats, we have repeatedly demonstrated a passage of the rats’ own albumin from the blood through the brain capillaries into...

Investigations on exposure to electromagnetic have generated conflicting results both in epidemiological and laboratory studies, leaving their possible health consequences largely inconclusive. One of the well-reported reasons for the discrepancies is that there is no generally accepted theory to describe the interactions between the very weak elec...

Microwaves were for the first time produced by humans in 1886 when radio waves were broadcasted and received. Until then microwaves had only existed as a part of the cosmic background radiation since the birth of universe. By the following utilization of microwaves in telegraph communication, radars, television and above all, in the modern mobile p...

We have earlier shown that radio frequency electromagnetic fields can cause significant leakage of albumin through the blood–brain barrier of exposed rats as compared to non-exposed rats, and alsosignificant neuronal damage in rat brains several weeks after a 2h exposure to a mobile phone, at 915MHz with a global system for mobile communications (G...

In order to mimic the real life situation, with often life-long exposure to the electromagnetic fields emitted by mobile phones, we have investigated in a rat model the effects of repeated exposures under a long period to Global System for Mobile Communication-900 MHz (GSM-900) radiation. Out of a total of 56 rats, 32 were exposed once weekly in a...

Considering the frequent use of mobile phones, we have directed attention to possible implications on cognitive functions. In this study we investigated in a rat model the long-term effects of protracted exposure to Global System for Mobile Communication-900 MHz (GSM-900) radiation. Out of a total of 56 rats, 32 were exposed for 2 h each week for 5...

Life on earth was formed during billions of years, exposed to, and shaped by the original physical forces such as gravitation, cosmic irradiation, atmospheric electric fields and the terrestrial magnetism. The Schumann resonances at 7.4 Hz are an example of oscillations possibly important for life.¹⁾ The existing organisms are created to function i...

We investigated the effects of global system for mobile communication (GSM) microwave exposure on the permeability of the blood-brain barrier and signs of neuronal damage in rats using a real GSM programmable mobile phone in the 900 MHz band. Ninety-six non-anaesthetized rats were either exposed to microwaves or sham exposed in TEM-cells for 2 h at...

During the last century, mankind has introduced electricity and during the very last decades, the microwaves of the modern communication society have spread a totally new entity--the radiofrequency fields--around the world. How does this affect biology on Earth? The mammalian brain is protected by the blood-brain barrier, which prevents harmful sub...

The environment in which biology exists has dramatically changed during the last decades. Life was formed during billions of years, exposed to, and shaped by the original physical forces such as gravitation, cosmic irradiation and the terrestrial magnetism. The existing organisms are created to function in harmony with these forces. However, in the...

Our group has since 1988 studied the effects of different intensities and modulations of 915MHz RF in a rat model where the exposure takes place in a TEM-cell during various time periods and post exposure recovery times. The power fed into TEM-cells was 0.125, 1.25, 12.5 or 125mW corresponding to whole body SAR (determined experimentally): 0.2, 2,...

The question of whether very weak low frequency magnetic fields can affect biological systems, has attracted attention by many research groups for quite some time. Still, today, the theoretical possibility of such an interaction is often questioned and the site of interaction in the cell is unknown. In the present study, the influence of extremely...

The possible risks of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields for the human body is a growing concern for our society. We have previously shown that weak pulsed microwaves give rise to a significant leakage of albumin through the blood-brain barrier. In this study we investigated whether a pathologic leakage across the blood-brain barrier might be c...

This study tested the effect of repeated intratumoural injection with recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) and tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) on inhibition of growth of breast cancer and on induction of apoptosis of tumour cells. The tumour cell line LDLX43 was used to induce breast cancer in Wistar rats. Group I (10 rats) was the control. Gro...

Biological effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) can be studied in sensitive and specific models. In a previous investigation of the permeability of the blood-brain barrier after exposure to the various EMF-components of proton magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we found that the exposure to MRI induced leakage of...

It has been suggested that electromagnetic fields (EMFs) act as a promoter late in the carcinogenesis process. To date, however, noconvincing laboratory evidence has been obtained indicating that EMFs cause tumour promotion at non-thermal exposure levels. The effects of EMF exposure in a rat brain glioma model were investigated. The exposure consis...

The biological effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) can be studied in sensitive and specific models. In a previous investigation of the permeability of the BBB after exposure to the various EMF -components of proton magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we found that exposure to MRI induced leakage of Evans-blue-lab...

The clinical and biochemical correlations with joint damage progression over two years in a consecutive group of 68 patients with rheumatoid arthritis with disease duration of less than two years are reported. Joint damage was assessed with Larsen's severity scale and a measure of change in progression rate constructed. Initial haemoglobin concentr...

The influence of whole-body vibrations, noise, and a combination of the two, caused by heavy road traffic (150 events/night) on sleep, subjectively experienced sleep quality, and performance was investigated under controlled laboratory conditions for male and female subjects 20-35 years of age. A room was built above a vibrator table, with the legs...

The influence of road traffic noise on the sleep of adults and 6-11 year old children was studied by using electrophysiological methods. Young adults, unaccustomed to traffic noise, were disturbed by continuous and intermittent traffic noise at 45 dB(A). No sleep disturbances were found for continuous traffic noise at 36 dB(A). Car passages with a...

The effects of road traffic noise on sleep were studied in the laboratory using nine young male adults (aged 20–26). The subjects were exposed to noise with different temporal characteristics: (i) continuous traffic noise of 36 dB(A) or 45 dB(A), (ii) intermittent noise of 50 truck passages with Lpmax = 45 dB(A) (Leq = 29 dB(A)) or Lpmax = 55 dB(A)...

Primary effects of road traffic noise on sleep, as derived from EEG, EOG, and EMG, were studied for seven young males (aged 21–27) in their homes along roads with heavy traffic during the night. A more quiet experimental condition was obtained by mounting sound-insulating material in the window openings, thus reducing the interiors noise level by a...

The time-integral transient-field precession has been measured for the first 5+/2 state in13C recoiling in magnetized iron at initial velocities ofv i/v o=3.4, 5.9, and 8.8. The results are consistent with recent findings for the extremely short-lived (τ=0.06 ps) 2 1+ state of12C. The transient magnetic field is found to exhibit a maximum of 4 MG a...

K-vacancy fractions have been measured for Si ions moving in nickel at velocities between 3.9v0 and 9.0v0. The observed fractions, 2-23%, provide strong evidence that transient magnetic fields for ions moving in magnetized materials are caused mainly by bound, polarized electrons. A polarization close to 0.13 suffices to explain measured transient...

The velocity dependence of the transient magnetic field in iron has been investigated for134Ba at four initial velocities betweenv i=0.8v 0 andv i=3.6v 0 (v 0=c/137). The present work confirms the linearv-dependence found for light ions (Z34). Existing data on transient fields were reanalyzed assuming a general validity of the linearv-dependence. T...

The transient magnetic field acting on fast (v/c = 0.01-0.03) Gd nuclei moving in ferromagnetic Gd has been measured. Significant deviations from the adjusted Lindhard-Winther (ALW) theory are observed. The measured transient effect (phi/g) increases approximately linearly with recoil velocity, contrary to the 1/nu prediction of the ALW theory.

Time-differential recoil-into-vacuum measurements with a plunger have been performed on the first-excited Iπ = 2+ state of 22Ne. The state was populated with the 4He(19F, p)22Ne reaction on 4He-implanted foils. The measurements lead to a g-factor of |g| = 0.326 ± 0.012 and to a mean life of τm = 5.2 ± 0.3 ps. The analysis also yields the population...

Nuclear spin precessions due to the transient magnetic field in polarized Fe have been measured as a function of the initial velocity of28Si ions in the first-excited nuclear state. The transient field was found to increase linearly with the ion velocityv in the regionv/c=0.006–0.049. This is in contrast to the Lindhard and Winther model, which req...

The spin precission for the first Jpi=5/2+ state in 13C recoiling with an initial velocity of v/c=0.044 into magnetized iron has been measured. A window frame of polycrystalline iron was used to avoid demagnetizing fields. Fringing fields, causing beam-bending effects, are negligible, which reduces the measuring time by a factor of four. The measur...

The magnetic moment of the first-excited 2 + state of 22Ne has been measured with the time-differential recoil-into-vacuum technique with the use of a plunger. The state was populated with the reaction 4He(19F, p)22Ne at E(19F) =41.4 MeV. Two helium targets prepared with a thickness of approximately 4/ag. cm -2 by implantation into nickel at 30 keV...

A single-crystal Fe frame has been used as a target backing in a transient field perturbed angular correlation measurement on 28Si(21+) with the reaction at Eα = 7.50 MeV. Two sides of the frame are parallel to the 〈1, 0, 0〉 axis, the direction of easy magnetization, such that the frame could be magnetized with a field of only H = 240 A/m. Beam-ben...

Time-differential recoil-into-vacuum measurements have been performed with a plunger on the first-excited Iπ = 2+ states of 24Mg and 20Ne. The states were populated by the reactions 12C(16O, α)24Mg and 12C(12C, α)20Ne. The measured anisotropy of the α-γ angular correlation was greatly increased by means of a vertical slit on the annular particle de...

Transient field precession measurements have been performed on the first excited Jπ = 2+ states of 28Si and 30Si with the IMPAC technique on recoil in magnetized iron. The results were analyzed with empirically adjusted Lindhard-Winther predictions. This yields g-factors of , respectively. In the present cases the influence of static hyperfine fiel...

The measured precession for 28Si(21+) recoiling into magnetized Fe shows an anomalous increase with initial recoil velocity. This is explained quantitatively by capture of polarized Fe electrons into 2s vacancies in the moving ion.

The g-factors of the first-excited Jπ = 2+ states of 24Mg and 26Mg have been measured with the ion-implantation perturbed angular correlation technique (IMPAC). The precession of the spins of nuclei recoiling into a magnetized iron backing is predominantly caused by the transient magnetic field for these very light and short-lived (τm ≈ 1 ps) nucle...

The magnetic dipole moment of the 1.37 MeV Jπ=2+ state (with τm=1.75 ± 0.08 ps has been measured with the time-differential recoil-into-vacuum technique for single-electron ions. The value of the g-factor obtained, |g|=0.44 ± 0.04, is lower than theoretical predictions.

Exposure to Global System for Mobile Communications at 1800 MHz Significantly Changes Gene Expression in Rat Hippocampi and Cortex Leif G. Salford 1 , Henrietta Nittby 1 , Morten Krogh 2 , Gustav Grafstr”m 3 , Henrik Berlin 1 , Gustav Rehn 1 , Jacob L. Eberhardt 3 , Lars Malmgren 4 , Bertil R.R. Persson 3 and Bengt Widegren 5 . Departments of Neuro...