
Jackie Arrington Olley-WilliamsUniversity of Birmingham · Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences
Jackie Arrington Olley-Williams
Doctor of Philosophy
About
42
Publications
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Introduction
Skills and Expertise
Publications
Publications (42)
Background: Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement is used for diagnosis, management and remission of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), with measurements comparable worldwide and the World Health Organization listing medical conditions that affect its accuracy. Admission glucose is in the ‘diabetes’ range in 5% of emergency hospital admissions without prio...
Cognitive reserve measured by proxies of life experiences is thought to account for the heterogeneity in cognitive ageing. One hypothesis is that cognitively enriched environments acting on the noradrenergic system strengthen the right fronto-parietal networks to facilitate cognitive reserve and maintain cognition throughout the lifetime. We used m...
Chronotype impacts numerous physiological and disease traits, from metabolic syndrome to schizophrenia. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) maintains transcriptional-translational feedback loop (TTFL) which acts as a central chronobiological pacemaker, regulating 24-hour cycles throughout the human body. However, each tissue maintains its own periphe...
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263390.].
Background
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common inherited cardiac condition, affecting 1 in 500 people. HCM can present clinically with features mimicking acute coronary syndrome, such as chest pain, electrocardiogram (ECG) changes and cardiac biomarker elevation. Because of the overlap in symptoms and signs between HCM and coronary artery...
Objective
Mechanisms of abdominal pain in children are not fully understood due to patient heterogeneity. We aimed to identify abdominal pain phenotypes in children to facilitate the investigation of phenotypic-genotypic associations and to determine risk factors for abdominal pain.
Design
This study included 13,789 children from a large birth coh...
Annotation of biomedical entities with ontology classes provides for formal semantic analysis and mobilisation of background knowledge in determining their relationships. To date, enrichment analysis has been routinely employed to identify classes that are over-represented in annotations across sets of groups, such as biosample gene expression prof...
Background
The prevalence of some immune-mediated diseases (IMDs) shows distinct differences between populations of different ethnicities. The aim of this study was to determine if the age at diagnosis of common IMDs also differed between different ethnic groups in the UK, suggestive of distinct influences of ethnicity on disease pathogenesis.
Met...
Objective
The Early Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation for Stroke Prevention (EAST-AFNET4) trial showed a clinical benefit of early rhythm-control therapy in patients with recently diagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF). The generalisability of the results in the general population is not known.
Methods
Participants in the population-based UK Biobank we...
The UK Biobank recruited 502,481 people aged 40 to 70 years who were invited to participate by post so not necessarily representative of the general population. The 405,363 participants with random glucose, HbA1c and the necessary demographic/clinical data were aged 56.5 (8.09) years, mean SD, with 54% female, and ethnicity 95.0% White W, 1.9 South...
Medical conditions can affect haematological factors altering relationship between HbA1c and glucose. Patients were recruited at hospital over 3 visits (*1/**2&3 only) comprising 20 with diabetes and in Fig 1 with liver disease (LD) & hepatitis C (HC) on ribavirin*, on dapsone*, with macrocytosis, and in Fig 2 LD & HC off ribavirin**, LD with nonal...
Importance:
Previous in vitro and postmortem research suggests that inflammation may lead to structural brain changes via activation of microglia and/or astrocytic dysfunction in a range of neuropsychiatric disorders.
Objective:
To investigate the relationship between inflammation and changes in brain structures in vivo and to explore a transcri...
Objectives
Timely diagnosis of atrial fibrillation (AF) is essential to reduce complications from this increasingly common condition. We sought to assess the diagnostic accuracy of smartphone camera photoplethysmography (PPG) compared with conventional electrocardiogram (ECG) for AF detection.
Methods
This is a systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE...
Background
Numerous approaches have been proposed for the detection of epistatic interactions within GWAS datasets in order to better understand the drivers of disease and genetics.
Methods
A selection of state-of-the-art approaches were assessed. These included the statistical tests, fast-epistasis, BOOST, logistic regression and wtest; swarm int...
Background
Semantic similarity is a valuable tool for analysis in biomedicine. When applied to phenotype profiles derived from clinical text, they have the capacity to enable and enhance ‘patient-like me’ analyses, automated coding, differential diagnosis, and outcome prediction. While a large body of work exists exploring the use of semantic simil...
Identification of ontology concepts in clinical narrative text enables the creation of phenotype profiles that can be associated with clinical entities, such as patients or drugs. Constructing patient phenotype profiles using formal ontologies enables their analysis via semantic similarity, in turn enabling the use of background knowledge in cluste...
Multimorbidity, frequently associated with aging, can be operationally defined as the presence of two or more chronic conditions. Predicting the likelihood of a patient with multimorbidity to develop a further particular disease in the future is one of the key challenges in multimorbidity research. In this paper we are using a network-based approac...
Semantic similarity is a valuable tool for analysis in biomedicine. When applied to phenotype profiles derived from clinical text, they have the capacity to enable and enhance 'patient-like me' analyses, automated coding, differential diagnosis, and outcome prediction, by leveraging the wealth of background knowledge provided by biomedical ontologi...
MYC is a target of the Wnt signalling pathway and governs numerous cellular and developmental programmes hijacked in cancers. The amplification of MYC is a frequently occurring genetic alteration in cancer genomes, and this transcription factor is implicated in metabolic reprogramming, cell death, and angiogenesis in cancers. In this review, we ana...
Background
Mortality remains unacceptably high in patients with heart failure and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) despite advances in therapeutics. We hypothesised that a novel artificial intelligence approach could better assess multiple and higher-dimension interactions of comorbidities, and define clusters of β-blocker efficacy...
Observational and experimental evidence has linked chronotype to both psychological and cardiometabolic traits. Recent Mendelian randomization (MR) studies have investigated direct links between chronotype and several of these traits, often in isolation of outside potential mediating or moderating traits. We mined the EpiGraphDB MR database for cal...
Background: Annotation of biomedical entities with ontology terms facilitates the use of background knowledge in analysis. Described entities may be stratified into groups or otherwise assigned labels, and it is of interest to identify semantic characterisations of these groups based on their ontological annotations. Enrichment analysis is routinel...
Identification of ontology concepts in clinical narrative text enables the creation of phenotype profiles that can be associated with clinical entities, such as patients or drugs. Constructing patient phenotype profiles using formal ontologies enables their analysis via semantic similarity, in turn enabling the use of background knowledge in cluste...
Ontology-based phenotype profiles have been utilised for the purpose of differential diagnosis of rare genetic diseases, and for decision support in specific disease domains. Particularly, semantic similarity facilitates diagnostic hypothesis generation through comparison with disease phenotype profiles. However, the approach has not been applied f...
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) possess properties such as self-renewal, resistance to apoptotic cues, quiescence, and DNA-damage repair capacity. Moreover, CSCs strongly influence the tumour microenvironment (TME) and may account for cancer progression, recurrence, and relapse. CSCs represent a distinct subpopulation in tumours and the detection, charact...
Ontology-based phenotype profiles have been utilised for the purpose of differential diagnosis of rare genetic diseases, and for decision support in specific disease domains. Particularly, semantic similarity facilitates diagnostic hypothesis generation through comparison with disease phenotype profiles. However, the approach has not been applied f...
Background
Efforts to elucidate the function of enhancers in vivo are underway but their vast numbers alongside differing enhancer architectures make it difficult to determine their impact on gene activity. By systematically annotating multiple mouse tissues with super- and typical-enhancers, we have explored their relationship with gene function a...
Inferring the topology of a gene regulatory network (GRN) from gene expression data is a challenging but important undertaking for gaining a better understanding of gene regulation. Key challenges include working with noisy data and dealing with a higher number of genes than samples. Although a number of different methods have been proposed to infe...
Gene expression programmes driving cell identity are established by tightly regulated transcription factors that auto- and cross-regulate in a feed-forward manner, forming core regulatory circuitries (CRCs). CRC transcription factors create and engage super-enhancers by recruiting acetylation writers depositing permissive H3K27ac chromatin marks. T...
Aims
To establish the prevalence of admission plasma glucose in 'diabetes' and 'at risk' ranges in emergency hospital admissions with no prior diagnosis of diabetes; characteristics of people with hyperglycaemia; and factors influencing glucose measurement.
Methods
Electronic patient records for 113 097 hospital admissions over 1 year from 2014 to...
It is known that the aging process entails a cognitive decline in certain processes such as attention, episodic memory, working memory, processing speed and executive functions. In recent years, efforts have been made to investigate the potential of Information and Communication Technologies to improve cognitive functioning and quality of life in o...
Genetically modified mice are an essential tool for modeling disease‐causing mechanisms and discovering gene function. SNP genotyping was traditionally used to associate candidate regions with traits in the mouse, but failed to reveal novel variants without further targeted sequencing. Using a robust set of computational protocols, we present a pla...
Objective: Glucose is measured on hospital admission as an emergency as elevated glucose is associated with an eight-fold risk of dying in hospital. This study reports on admission plasma glucose by ethnicity in people without prior diabetes.
Research Design and Methods: A clinical audit CARMS-12031 of electronic patient records for 113,097 admissi...
Introduction: As HbA1c is now widely used for the diagnosis of diabetes with WHO cut-off ≥ 48 mmol/mol/6.5%, it is debatable whether the value should vary by ethnicity.
Aim: This study compares plasma glucose and HbA1c in white European WE, South Asian SA, unknown/other U and Afro-Caribbean AC people admitted as an emergency.
Methods: Electronic pa...
Background
Translational medicine (TM) is an emerging domain that aims to facilitate medical or biological advances efficiently from the scientist to the clinician. Central to the TM vision is to narrow the gap between basic science and applied science in terms of time, cost and early diagnosis of the disease state. Biomarker identification is one...
Aims
To investigate the relationship between HbA1c and glucose in people with co‐existing liver disease and diabetes awaiting transplant, and in those with diabetes but no liver disease.
Methods
HbA1c and random plasma glucose data were collected for 125 people with diabetes without liver disease and for 29 people awaiting liver transplant with di...
The master circadian pacemaker in mammals is located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) which regulate physiology and behaviour, as well as coordinating peripheral clocks throughout the body. Investigating the function of the SCN has often focused on the identification of rhythmically expressed genes. However, not all genes critical for SCN functi...