Jacinta Garcia-Talegon

• PhD Geology
• Professor at University of Salamanca

In the present work we determined the chromatic coordinates ( L *, a *, b *) for three building stones used in the heritage city of Ávila, Spain (World Granite Heritage City, 1988). The stones came from quarries and were subjected to 90 cycles of three types of accelerated ageing processes: (a) freezing/thawing together with cooling/heating (T1); (...

This article highlights the importance of geosites and geoheritage in promoting civic values and awareness, especially in developing countries like Peru. Moreover, it discussed the need to promote new geosites in Latin America through collaborative and multidisciplinary approaches, as well as the disconnection between conservation and social respon...

After subjecting Zamora building stones to accelerated ageing tests, colour changes were studied, namely: (a) freezing/thawing and thermal shock (gelifraction and thermoclasty), and (b) combination of freezing/thawing plus thermal shock and salt crystallisation (sulphates or phosphates) (gelifraction, thermoclasty and haloclasty). Zamora building s...

This work was carried out on fresh samples of silicified sandstone and white conglomerate quarry from Zamora, Spain. The stones were treated with conservation treatments (H224, RC70, and RC80) and/or processes of freeze/thaw aging (similar to that of cold areas). The values obtained for the chromatic coordinates (L*, a*, b*) and the ultrasound prop...

In this work, the effectiveness of silicoorganic treatments for the consolidation, with or without waterproofing, of silicified stones (one conglomerate and four sandstones) from Zamora is analyzed, provided that these treatments are applied in the same way. Changes in the following properties have been monitored: total and free porosity, real and...

This contribution explores the information provided by the landscape transformation occurred during the intense period of Roman gold mining activity in northwest Spain. The Teleno Mountains and its surroundings are char-acterised by the presence of Quaternary glacial deposits and Paleogene-Neogene alluvial sediments intensely exploited by the Roman...

Northwest Spain possesses the largest Roman gold mining complex in Europe. The extent and scale of the mining works as well as the astonishing hydraulic infrastructure developed to supply water to the mining sectors caused a strong impact on the landscape. Within this scenario, the Teleno Mountains represents a natural laboratory to figure out the...

The present study was carried out on the Salvador Church (Seville, Spain) during its last restoration intervention. Relative humidity and temperature data from the sensors located on the inner and outer parts of the church were analyzed to characterize different microenvironments. The church was built mainly of calcarenite from the Puerto de Santa...

En la ciudad de Salamanca se han utilizado a lo largo de los siglos cinco piedras fundamentales, con las siguientes características (sintetizadas en López-Plaza et al., 2011a: 4). Dos de ellas son sedimentarias: – Arenisca de Villamayor («Piedra Franca» o «Piedra Dorada»). Se trata de una roca detrítica, clasificada como arenisca arcósica o subarcó...

En este trabajo se estudian dos métodos de limpieza para eliminar la película de acetato de polivinilo “in situ” de la piedra Arenisca de Villamayor en dos zonas seleccionadas de la Portada de las Escuelas Mayores de la Universidad de Salamanca durante la etapa de ejecución de la Restauración. Los métodos de limpieza fueron los siguientes: a) Desga...

This contribution discusses the potential of UAV-assisted (unmanned aerial vehicles) photogrammetry for the study and preservation of mining heritage sites using the example of Roman gold mining infrastructure in northwestern Spain. The study area represents the largest gold area in Roman times and comprises 7 mining elements of interest that chara...

The Sierra del Teleno is a NW-SE trending mountain system located in the southern sector of the Galaico-Leoneses Mountains. It is characterized by the presence of remnants of glacial landforms, active during most of the Upper Pleistocene, and represented by several cirques and related deposits. Along the northern slope the glacial features are well...

A new methodology has been applied to the experimental data obtained about a white siliceous conglomerate from Zamora (Spain), which was subjected to 25 cycles of two types of aging [freezing/thawing with cooling/heating (T1) and freezing/thawing with cooling/heating + phosphate crystallization (T2)]. Our model (Multivariate Gaussian Subspatial Reg...

The aim of this work is to characterize the main pathologies caused by salt crystallization in granitic monuments (crusts, salt efflorescence, disaggregation and disaggregation with salt efflorescence). Water soluble ions were determined quantitatively. Using the Canonical Biplot multivariate method it was determined that: a) there is a relationshi...

The Eria Gold Mining District represents one of the most extensive Roman mining remains in the northwest of Spain. Gold mineralization in this area is associated with quartz veins and dykes in Paleozoic rocks (primary) and Miocene and Quaternary sediments (secondary). Hitherto, ancient prospection works in Miocene materials were focused on the loca...

Resumen: Las aeronaves tripuladas remotamente (RPAs o drones) suponen una herramienta de gran utilidad para la realización de trabajos aéreos en el campo de la geología y las ciencias de la tierra. La posibilidad de incluir una amplia diversidad de sensores como cámaras fotográficas, el LiDAR, las cámaras térmicas o multiespectrales, etc., facilita...

En el interior de la Península se localizan los restos de una superficie perteneciente a un paleorrelieve que hoy se encuentra desnivelado y/o roto por los efectos de la tectónica alpina de bloques. Dichos restos se identifican por presentar hacia techo: i) una cementación por ópalo sobre cobertera detrítica y/o sobre un zócalo alterado, ii) movili...

In the present study a new laboratory method for the extraction of salts using wet sepiolite in closed cubic boxes has been developed. The methodology involved three successive applications of sepiolite, which were applied to four different types of calcareous building stone, previously subjected to artificial ageing by salt crystallization (chlori...

Silicified granites were used to build the Romanesque monuments in the city of Ávila, Spain. The building stones comprise two types of granite based on their technical properties and colour: Bleeding Stone (Piedra Sangrante) and Ochre Granite (Caleño). They were used as a facing stone in the city´s Romanesque monuments of the 12th century (e.g. the...

Silicified granites were used to build the Romanesque monuments in the city of Ávila, Spain. The building stones comprise two types of granite based on their technical properties and colour: Bleeding Stone (Piedra Sangrante) and Ochre Granite (Caleño). They were used as a facing stone in the city´s Romanesque monuments of the 12th century (e.g. the...

This paper deals with the assessing of pathologies in façades using a variety of spatial data acquisition techniques such as conventional surveying, multispectral photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning. In particular, a complex building built in the Villamayor Stone that is to be candidate as a Global Heritage Stone Resource (García-Talegón...

This paper deals with the assessing of pathologies in façades using a variety of intensity data provided by different terrestrial laser scanner. In particular, a complex building built in the Villamayor Stone that is to be candidate as a Global Heritage Stone Resource has been chosen as study case. The Villamayor Stone were quarrying for the constr...

Itaquera Granite, as a building stone material, was widely used in the early 20th century for the construction of buildings and monuments in the centre of the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The color variation of the Itaquera Granite of the Ramos de Azevedo Monument was monitored for two years and these data were compared with those obtained for fresh...

Villamayor Stone (VS) is an arkosic stone and is known by several names: (i) VS because the quarries are located in Villamayor de Armuña village (Salamanca, Spain); (ii) Golden Stone due to its patina, which gives the stone a ochreous/golden colour; (iii) Franca Stone is known locally and in historical documents. VS has several varieties ranging fr...

Abstract The Canonical Biplot method is used to determine the magnitude of the effects on the Δ chromatic coordinates (ΔL*, Δa*, Δb*) and the parameter ΔE*, where (ΔL*, Δa*, Δb*) are the difference in the values of the sample after each aging cycle and the value of the untreated sample and ΔE* = [(ΔL*) 2 + (Δa*) 2 + (Δb*) 2] 1/2. We performed a stu...

Rañas are alluvial fan deposits of Plio-Pleistocene age that form the piedmont platforms around the mountains in the interior of the Iberian Peninsula. They are composed of cobbles, pebbles and gravels of quartzite and some quartz, all embedded within a clayey matrix displaying striking changes in hues due to hydromorphism. Beneath these platforms,...

In the present work we determined the chromatic coordinates (L*, a*, b*) and ultrasound propagation speeds on the three spatial planes (Vx, Vy, Vz) of three ornamental granites (Aqueduct of Segovia, Spain) before, during, and after being subjected to 70 cycles of two types of accelerated ageing (typical of cold regions): a) freezing/thawing and coo...

Detritic deposits with siliceous cement located at the SW and W of the Duero basin (Areniscas Salamanca Formation) have been considered Cenozoic and more recently they have been ascribed to the Upper Cretaceous-Paleocene. In order to provide new data about their controversial age, a paleomagnetic study on two of the most representative outcrops of...

La jornada de divulgación de Geolodía 12 en Zamora tiene como objetivo fundamental divulgar la geología de la provincia de Zamora y mostrar algunas de sus aplicaciones en la Conservación del Patrimonio Monumental de la ciudad. La documentación científica utilizada se basa en un proyecto de investigación (2008-2010) financiado por la Junta de Castil...

Some physical properties (bulk and free porosity, pore size distribution), and the chemical composition and mass balance of two deeply weathered profiles one developed on Hercynian granodiorite and the other on pre-Cambrian slates were studied. Hydric and mercury porosimetry, nitrogen adsorption techniques, chemical analyses and XRD techniques were...

Salamanca is a city located on the Central Meseta of Spain. Its climate can be defined as Mediterranean with a continental trend and strong daily fluctuations in temperature (as large as 30ºC), that produce stresses in exposed materials owing to processes of dilation/contraction (thermoclasty and freezing-thawing), specially in heterogeneous ma...

A summary on the publications dealing with rock materials used in construction and restoration of buildings and monuments in the provinces of Zamora, Salamanca and Avila (Castilla and León, Spain) is presented here.

Hay ciudades como París o Pontevedra que muestran una gran uniformidad en el uso de los materiales pétreos; otras, en cambio, como Milán o Roma, se caracterizan por su variedad. Podría resultar sorprendente afirmar que Salamanca se encuentra en el segundo grupo cuando es bien sabido que su “piedra dorada” impregna la ciudad entera, pero la variedad...

Some physical properties (bulk and free porosity, pore size distribution), and the chemical composition and mass balance of two deeply weathered profiles one developed on Hercynian granodiorite and the other on pre-Cambrian slates were studied. Hydric and mercury porosimetry, nitrogen adsorption techniques, chemical analyses and XRD techniques were...

The porosity of Ca-carbonate accumulations located at the upper parts of two profiles developed on lithologies poor in Ca has been studied by means of SEM with EDXRA, polarized light microscope, water and adsorption-desorption nitrogen techniques, and the mercury porosimeter. At the macroscopic scale, carbonate replaces parent minerals, including q...

Weathering profiles outcropping beneath old piedmont platforms (the Raña landscapes) and the earliest terraces of the main rivers in Central and Western Spain depict: i) a sedimentary cover of pebbles and gravels of quartzites and quartzs, all embedded into a clayey matrix, and ii) the hercynian basement beneath which is weathered up to tenths of m...

The chemical composition of the different types of granite employed in the Cathedral and buildings of historic and artistic interest in Avila (Spain) is studied. The differences among the various fades studied (grey, ochre and bloodstone granites) are explained in terms of their different mineralogical composition, a result of the profound paleowea...

Under surface and subsurface conditions, porosity is a major factor in rock weathering, for it controls not only the movement of the fluids throughout the rock mass but also the processes at work. Depending on the pore dimensions and pattern, mechanisms such as hydroxylation, diffusion or flow play their role in the weathering process. Based mainly...

Los materiales pétreos utilizados para la construcción y posteriores interven-ciones en los monumentos de Zamora corresponden a areniscas y conglomerados silicificados (Añorbe, 1997; García-Talegón et al., 2006a). Las aplicaciones de tratamientos de conservación sobre rocas de monumentos van encaminadas a la oclusión de los poros a la entrada de a...

Silicified sedimentary deposits covering the hercynian basement in the western border of the Duero Tertiary Basin (Zamora province) are studied by means of micromorphological, mineralogical and geochemical criteria. Three profiles were investigated. One of them (arroyo Perdigón profile) was selected as the most representative and complete. Chemical...

This paper approaches the characterisation of Carmona�s calcarenite according to its composition and structure, since these two aspects determine the and of this rock as building material. The study focuses on a outcrop located at the Cueva de la Batida, where the stratigraphic study and sampling was carried out. The characterisation indicates that...

The main factors and mechanisms involved in the decay of the building sandstones and microconglomerates are essentially related to the sharp temperature changes (thermoclasty) and feezing/thawing (gellifraction) is by that, in this work was made the experimental alteration of freezing/thawing and thermal shock of the stones. The studies concern phy...

Preservation of our Historical Cultural Heritage built in stone requires studies on the material itself, on the environment where the monument is located, and even on the microclimate affecting a particular stone in the building. The knowledge of the decay processes, as well as mechanisms governing these processes, and the real effect of factors de...

Preservation of our Historical Cultural Heritage built in stone requires studies on the material itself, on the environment where the monument is located, and even on the microclimate affecting a particular stone in the building. Conservation treatments should be also non-agressive and restoration works should respect the chemical and mineralogical...

Los sedimentos del Pérmico y Triásico del sector oriental de la Cordillera Ibérica en la provincia de Castellón están representados principalmente por las Facies Saxoniense y Buntsandstein (López-Gómez y Arche, 1992; Alonso-Azcárate et al., 1 997). Dentro de estas facies se han diferenciado tres formaciones: 1 ) Formación Limos y Areniscas de Alcot...

The effect of salt crystallization on granite (s.l) rocks used as building material in an urban environment with low atmospheric pollution was studied. The manners of salt crystallization and the subsequent deterioration caused were analyzed in unweathered granite and other fades which had undergone strong transformations in quarries before being u...

The effect of salt crystallization on granite (s.l) rocks used as building material in an urban environment with low atmospheric pollution was studied. The manners of salt crystallization and the subsequent deterioration caused were analyzed in unweathered granite and other fades which had undergone strong transformations in quarries before being u...

The aim of the present work is to determine the origin and background of 72 samples of four varieties of granite s.l. from quarries and different parts of the Cathedral Group Buildings of Avila (Spain) subject to different microenvironmental conditions. To do so, the results of the chemical analyses of major and trace elements of all samples were a...

Villamayor sandstone (also known as “golden sandstone”) has been widely used for construction in the city of Salamanca since Roman times. In the present study, the four most characteristic varieties of this material were used, considering the chromatic changes brought about by consolidation and/or waterproofing treatments and by cycles of artificia...

On the southwest border of the Duero Basin the Hercynian basement of the Iberian Peninsula is fossilized by a siderolithic sedimentary cover whose thickness increases progressively eastward. Two different palaeoweathering mantles have developed in this zone. From west to east, these mantles are progressively separated in the vertical sense. Whereas...

Remnants of silicifications appear in the SW border of the Tertiary Duero Basin (Central Western Spain), on both the Hercynian Basement deeply weathered and/or a sedimentary cover of siderolithic nature. This work deals with the study of the silicification process using micromorphological, mineralogical and geochemical criteria and methodologies. S...

A study has been carried out on the extraction of salts from different types of granite using patent sepiolite formulation. The ability to remove salts greatly depends on the mineralogical compositions of the granites. Two types of equilibria are important: the absorption and/or adsorption of salts on the stone, and the partition of ions constituti...

The chemical composition of the different types of granite employed in the Cathedral and buildings of historic and artistic interest in Avila (Spain) is studied. The differences among the various fades studied (grey, ochre and bloodstone granites) are explained in terms of their different mineralogical composition, a result of the profound paleowea...

The nature and characteristics of 1:1 phyllosilicates (crystallinity, order and proportion of kaolinite, disordered kaolinite and 7 Å-halloysite) in deep palaeoweathering profiles developed on granitic rocks in Central Spain have been studied. The profile displays a lower part of non-silicified saprolite and an upper part of silicified saprolite, w...

The studies concern physical-mechanical properties of the different granitic materials used in the construction and the succesive restaurations of the Cathedral of Avila. The calculation of porosity is made in water, and also by using Hg-porosimeter (two succesive injections of mercury). A determination of the total, the free, and the trapped poros...

The North façade of the Romanesque Church of San Julian, in Salamanca (Spain), built with Willamayor sandstone, is heavily weathered, due to damp rising from the basement, salt precipitation, contamination of run off and subsurface water and to the nature of the stone itself, containing swelling clays and calcium carbonate, among other constituents...

The Hercynian basement of the Iberian Peninsula has undergone different stages of supergenic weathering which has given rise to a superposition of several "weathering mantles'. Remnants of an old weathering mantle, Mesozoic in age, and related to a planation surface older than the Alpine tectonic phases, have been found. Nowadays, the fragments of...

The stratigraphy and sedimentology of the San Miguel of Pedroso unit from the Oca´s Mountain Corridor (Between Duero and Ebro Basins). Its Palaeogeography during Neogene as well as these materials show important lateral variations. Their most important characteristics (composition, facies, distribution, etc. ) are studied. They are interpreted as f...