J. Dunning-Davies

University of Hull · Department of Physics and Mathematics

This volume contains an extension of classical mechanics to "Jones-Laithwaite gyroscopic effects" as well as to relativistic velocities. The extension may be viewed as a minimal variable inertial mass revision of Newtonian mechanics that is, however, in line with anomalous gyroscopic behavior reported by the late Alex Jones closely followed by the...

From the moment it was first proposed, the Big Bang model has faced serious problems of one form and another. Amongst these was the fact that it proposed an initial balance between matter and antimatter but no collections of antimatter were observed. Here, this problem is addressed yet again, drawing on earlier work by several distinguished scienti...

This volume contains an extension of classical mechanics to "Jones-Laithwaite gyroscopic effects" as well as to relativistic velocities. The extension may be viewed as a minimal variable inertial mass revision of Newtonian mechanics that is, however, in line with anomalous gyroscopic behavior reported by the late Alex Jones closely followed by the...

It is often claimed that Maxwell's electromagnetic equations were originally written in terms of quaternions. Once returned to that form and treated with left and right hand operators as in the mathematics of P. M. Jack, a new seventh scalar electromagnetic field component emerges with possible relations to clean energy extraction and gravitation....

This volume contains an extension of classical mechanics to "Jones-Laithwaite gyroscopic effects" as well as to relativistic velocities. The extension may be viewed as a minimal variable inertial mass revision of Newtonian mechanics that is, however, in line with anomalous gyroscopic behavior reported by the late Alex Jones closely followed by the...

The final formulations of Maxwell's electromagnetic equations were originally written in quaternions. Once returned to that form and treated with left and right hand operators as in the mathematics of P. M. Jack, a new seventh scalar electromagnetic field component emerges with possible relations to clean energy extraction and gravitation. Historic...

Gravitational theory has remained at an impasse for a great many years. Theoretical questions of substantial importance remain unanswered, such as:-Is there coupling of electromagnetic fields and gravitational fields?‖ This paper will reveal the reasons for the evident difficulty in theoretical advancement and begin to point the way toward needed c...

This volume contains an extension of classical mechanics to "Jones-Laithwaite effects" as well as to relativistic velocities. The extension may be viewed as a minimal variable inertial mass revision of Newtonian mechanics that is, however, in line with anomalous gyroscopic behavior reported by the late Alex Jones closely followed by the late Eric L...

This volume contains an extension of classical mechanics to "Jones-Laithwaite effects" as well as to relativistic velocities. The extension may be viewed as a minimal variable inertial mass revision of Newtonian mechanics that is, however, in line with anomalous gyroscopic behavior reported by the late Alex Jones closely followed by the late Eric L...

Quantum scale "uncertainty" effects limiting measurement accuracy appear to reflect the actual properties of quantum particles as has been well substantiated in numerous experimental examples. However, the concept of uncertainty appears to lack any clear physical basis and stands as an effects descriptor, not as a causal description of actual parti...

This paper is written as an initial theoretical adjunct to the previous work, Probabilistic Mechanics: the hidden variable [1]. The marriage of the scientific discipline known as probabilistics to quantum theory has left the sciences in a position where causality has been neglected, even as the accuracy of predictive and empirical results is unpara...

Information has been suppressed which appears to lead to new solutions for many problems in physics that could benefit the race of man and the Earth upon which we live. Probabilistic theories are an ingenious approach necessitated to circumvent human phenomenological constraints while reaching a correct assessment of physical system state outcomes,...

We use our Neo-Newtonian mechanics that is a well behaved & minimal extension of Newtonian mechanics to experimentally discovered variable (particle) inertial mass (due to Prof. Eric Laithwaite) to investigate Ernst Mach's criticisms of Newton's mechanics and especially his criticism of the key water bucket experiment. And we investigate vector, no...

As has been pointed out on several occasions, misinterpretations of experimental results and the concealment – sometimes actual suppression – of scientific work deemed to be outside the bounds of perceived conventional wisdom have been allowed to go unchecked. This attitude has undoubtedly blocked some avenues of approach to the solution of present...

Examination of paradigmatic validity and recommendations within the physical, psychological and medical sciences.

Following discussions between people working in totally different fields and from totally different scientific backgrounds, an alternative explanation for the well-known red-shift in cosmology and astrophysics is offered. This alternative is very much in line with the way sound is attenuated in various media and owes everything to that piece of kno...

In this paper, we outline preceding mathematical, theoretical and experimental studies on the synthesis of neutrons from a hydrogen gas, and present additional systematic experimental confirmations via the use of three different neutron detectors. We also present experimental evidence of the existence of an intermediate bound state of a proton and...

In this work we propose, apparently for the first time, a possible angular quantization as a complement for the conventional radial quantization with the intent of initiating quantitative studies regarding the capability of liquid water to acquire and propagate information. We articulate the proposed angular quantization via the absorption of therm...

The hadronic paradigm may be reassessed around the evidence gathered in an inexpensive and easily replicable experiment where neutrons and an intermediate spin zero state prior to the full neutron synthesis known as neutroids are synthesized from an arc of current in hydrogen gas. We will review the history of this experiment in its various forms,...

The Special and General theories of Relativity (SR and GR) have provided a deep mathematical formalism which has proven scientifically useful. However, it must be remembered that all scientific theory is but a model, and any model will necessarily demonstrate limitations and particular discrepancies compared to experimental results, which in turn d...

Biological systems are dependent upon and intertwined with aqueous systems. We will present empirically derived evidence of the unique properties of water and demonstrate the efficacious role of molecular electromagnetic informational encoding as mediated through aqueous dynamics and mnemic properties. Working theory will then be articulated from q...

The Special and General theories of Relativity (SR and GR) have provided a deep mathematical formalism which has proven scientifically useful. However, it must be remembered that all scientific theory is but a model, and any model will necessarily demonstrate limitations and particular discrepancies compared to experimental results, which in turn d...

The Special and General theories of Relativity (SR and GR) have provided a deep mathematical formalism which has proven scientifically useful. However, it must be remembered that all scientific theory is but a model, and any model will necessarily demonstrate limitations and particular discrepancies compared to experimental results, which in turn d...

Recently, attention has been drawn to a number of pieces written concerning classical thermodynamics in a biological setting. Several ideas have been put forward which are unusual for orthodox classical thermodynamics but, as they are supported by experiment, seem to offer suggestions for expanding the scope of that subject and even possibly helpin...

Entropy and its physical meaning have been a problem in physics almost since the concept was introduced. The problem is exacerbated by its use in both statistical thermodynamics and information theory. Here its place in classical thermodynamics, where it was introduced originally, and in these other two areas will be examined and hopefully some lig...

This brief document is intended to bring a potentially important approach to cancer and other diseases to the reader's attention. It may well be the case that unfortunate circumstances within the sciences have kept hidden an important approach to disease. We hope to bring this information to the fore, and suggest that cancer and other diseases may...

Beyond the Veil is both an extension of Exploding a Myth, and also a broadening of the net. Although this work is focused upon the impact of restricted thinking within physics, it will also disclose further aspects and details regarding the all too human effects of personality, ambition, paradigm and power as they affect the full proliferation of h...

Experimental evidence has accumulated to suggest that biologically efficacious informational effects can be derived mimicking active compounds solely through electromagnetic distribution upon aqueous systems affecting biological systems. Empirically rigorous demonstrations of anti-microbial agent associated electromagnetic informational inhibition...

The presently accepted notion of wave/particle duality, especially when applied to light, is undoubtedly a cause of great unease for many. Here the issue is examined afresh in the light of ideas put forward in recent years, especially by Mayants, while not forgetting the contributions of those great scientists of the past. Explanations and interpre...

The presently accepted notion of wave/particle duality, especially when applied to light, is undoubtedly a cause of great unease for many. Here the issue is examined afresh in the light of ideas put forward in recent years, especially by Mayants, while not forgetting the contributions of those great scientists of the past. Explanations and interpre...

The link between statistical mechanics and information theory is examined with reference to the classical ideal gas. In particular, Jaynes' assertion [E. T. Jaynes, Phys. Rev. 106(4), 620 (1957)] that a clear distinction between statistical and physical aspects, the latter consisting of the correct enumeration of the system's states and their prope...

Gauss's error law for generalized jump processes in which the average value is also the most probable value is derived from the maximum likelihood path for the growth of a fluctuation. Evolution towards equilibrium and the spontaneous growth of a fluctuation from equilibrium are analyzed and compared in the continuous, diffusion limit.

A third regime is proposed in the natural progression of the description of the physical world - Classical to Quantum to Unified Field (UF) Mechanics. We describe the new conceptual panoply and propose an experimental method to falsify the new UF hypotheses. Like Penzias & Wilson wondering if bird droppings affected their antenna we describe a sere...

In recent years, more and more problems have arisen over the usual interpretation of the observed redshift. Much of this originated with observations made by Halton Arp but the questions raised by his work, although dismissed perfunctorily by many at the time and since, have not disappeared; the questions still demand answers. On top of this worry...

For many years now, the so-called `Big Bang' model for the beginning and evolution of the Universe has been accepted almost without question. In fact, any who have dared question its authenticity has been condemned to a sort of scientific outer darkness. However, what is the truth in this matter? Here some brief thoughts on this problem will be lai...

The physical basis of the canonical and grand canonical distributions is questioned. In particular, we question the usual methods by which these distributions are derived, namely that fluctuations in entropy around energy and particle number are assumed to occur when the entropy depends only on variables which cannot themselves fluctuate. We show,...

Here the basic ideas behind Landauer's introduction of his principle supposedly linking information theory and thermodynamics are examined afresh. Since this examination was prompted by the recent claims of an experimental verification of that principle, the details of the actual experimental verification are re-examined also in the light of these...

Clausius' original papers covering the re-working of Carnot's theory and the subsequent development of the concept of the entropy of a body are reviewed critically. We show that Clausius' thinking was dominated by the then prevalent idea that a body contained heat and argue that his concept of aequivalenzwerth, the forerunner of entropy, should be...

Prompted by the realisation that the statistical entropy of an ideal gas in the micro-canonical ensemble should not fluctuate or change over time, the meaning of the H-theorem is re-interpreted from the perspective of information theory in which entropy is a measure of uncertainty. We propose that the Maxwellian velocity distribution should more pr...

The eight Vigier Symposium held at a joint meeting with the British Computer Society - Cybernetics Machine Group (BCS-V8) at its national headquarters in Covent Garden, London, was very succesfull with about 50 delegates from dozen of countries. As the 52 chapters will reflect this symposium was a delightifull and erudite cornucopia of ideas. The...

A one-dimensional numerical model of a compound piston shows that damping can occur if the gas is allowed to exchange heat with the walls of the system. The dynamics of the piston motion vary with the rate of heat flow, but the final position and the net work done by the gases on either side are found to be independent of this parameter. We find, h...

For a long time now, confusion has existed in the minds of many over the meaning of various concepts in thermodynamics. Recently, this point has been brought to people's attention by two articles appearing on the well-known archive (arxiv) web site. The content of these two pieces serves to illustrate many of the problems and has occasioned the con...

In a recent article 1 , Enders raised queries concerning the existence of physical systems which obey Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics. Here the question is considered from a different angle and answers are proposed which support the existence of such statistics within the framework of physics.

Attention is drawn to a recent article, which appeared in the International Journal of Quantum Chemistry, discussing the amount of largely unrecognised structure present in water. This theoretical article supports and amplifies experimental work published by Benveniste in the journal Nature in 1988. The possible consequences for a solid scientific...

Attention is drawn to a newly suggested modification to the matter/antimatter theory advanced by Omnès in 1969. The new suggestion is dependent on the existence of supermassive black holes and is an attempt to invalidate the major objections to that earlier version of the theory. Here it is noted that many of the results derived apply equally well...

Here attention will be restricted to two problems associated with the modern idea of a black hole. Firstly the notion of assigning a physical meaning to a mathematical singularity and whether or not this singularity is what it is often claimed to be. Secondly an examination of the validity of the so-called black hole entropy expression credited to...

Irreversible thermodynamic processes in ideal gases are investigated by computer simulations of the compound piston. A hard-sphere model of the gas on either side of a compound piston shows that damping occurs naturally without invoking extraneous mechanisms such as friction. Inter-particle collisions are identified as being responsible, as these r...

Following thoughts occasioned by the writings of Tait during the nineteenth century, attention here returns to the importance of cycles in the development of thermodynamics. Considering its practically‐based beginnings, it sometimes seems surprising that so many students experience so much difficulty with this subject. Some, at least, of the confus...

A numerical model of a hard-sphere fluid on either side of a compound piston shows that damping occurs naturally without invoking extraneous mechanisms such as friction. Inter-particle collisions are identified as being responsible. Whereas only the component of particle momentum in the direction of the piston motion is affected by the collisions w...

To fully understand the present position concerning so-called dark matter, it is necessary to examine the historical background since, only by following this approach, do all the pieces of the puzzle fall into place. Here an attempt is made to do this briefly and it is found that an interesting and important question is raised. This question relate...

In 1983, Thornhill showed that Planck's energy distribution for a black-body radiation field could be derived for a gas-like aether with Maxwellian statistics. Further, it was shown that the frequency of electromagnetic waves correlates with the energy per unit mass of the particles, not with their energy, thus differing from Planck's quantum hypot...

Climate change is an important current issue and there is much debate about the causes and effects. This article examines the changes in our climate, comparing the recent changes with those in the past. There have been changes in temperature, resulting in an average global rise over the last 300 years, as well as widespread melting of snow and ice,...

The modern notion of a black hole singularity is considered with reference to the Schwarzschild solution to Einstein's field equations of general relativity. A brief derivation of both the original and the modern line elements is given. The argument is put forward that the singularity occurring within the Schwarzschild line element that has been as...

A brief outline of the history of the discrepancies within Newtonian mechanics at the end of the nineteenth century is given. The framework of general relativity is described briefly and the famous 'tests' of general relativity are considered and alternative solutions discussed, with particular attention concentrating on the advance of the periheli...

This article has been withdrawn by arXiv administrators due to excessive unattributed and verbatim text overlap with the pre-existing Wikipedia article on redshift

The well-known fluid equation of cosmology is examined with a view to elucidating the precise conditions under which it is applicable.

Courses in mathematical methods for physics students are not known for including too much in the way of mathematical rigour and, in some ways, understandably so. However, the conditions under which some quite commonly used mathematical expressions are valid can be of great importance in some physical circumstances. Here one such expression, which f...

This one-semester course text introduces basic principles of thermodynamics and considers a variety of applications in science and engineering. The modern coverage is compact yet self-contained and holistic, with adequate material in a concise and economically-priced book for advanced undergraduates and postgraduates reading for first and higher de...

Dr. Charles Kenneth Thornhill, who died recently, was a proud, gritty Yorkshireman who, throughout his long life, genuinely remained true to himself. This led him into conflicts within the scientific community. The jury is still out on whether he was correct or not in his ideas but, be that as it may, all can learn a tremendous amount from the cour...

Discussion of the constancy, or otherwise, of the various so-called universal constants which abound in physics has continued for many years. However, relatively recent observations, which appear to indicate a variation in the value of the fine structure constant, have reignited the subject. These observations relate to quasars and that in itself r...

The position of the various tired light theories is reviewed briefly and it is noted that one of the biggest objections to them concerns the mechanism by which light might lose energy as it travels through space. Here some new work relating to the constancy of the speed of light is highlighted as providing a possible solution to this conundrum, thu...

The mathematical properties associated with the widely accepted concept of the extensivity of many of the common thermodynamic variables are examined and some of their consequences considered. The possible conflict between some of these and currently accepted results of special relativistic thermodynamics is highlighted. Although several questions...

Some of the more powerful results of mathematical statistics are becoming of increasing importance in statistical mechanics. Here the use of the central limit theorem in conjunction with the canonical ensemble is shown to lead to an interesting and important new insight into results associated with the canonical ensemble. This theoretical work is i...

The new mathematics, referred to as iso-mathematics and geno-mathematics, introduced by Santilli to help explain a number of outstanding problems in quantum chemistry as well as in other areas of science such as astrophysics, has been applied successfully in a number of physical situations. This new formalism has, for the first time, provided an ir...

The alleged existence of so-called Planck particles is examined. The various methods for deriving the properties of these “particles” are examined and it is shown that their existence as genuine physical particles is based on a number of conceptual flaws which serve to render the concept invalid.

The notion of 'conventional wisdom' is considered and its possible role in the determination of the direction of scientific research examined and questioned. Here the influence of 'conventional wisdom' on work in the area of exotic stars, in particular black holes, is scrutinised carefully.

Like Jaynes` maximum entropy formulation, the Tsallis entropy is to be maximised `with respect to all that is known about the system`. However, instead of customary averages, the averaging is performed with `escort` probabilities resulting in Student`s t-distribution, as opposed to exponential distributions in Jaynes` formalism. The same class of n...

The pseudo-additive relation satisfied by the Tsallis entropy is not linked with the super- or sub-additive properties of the entropy. These latter properties, like concavity and convexity, are fundamentally geometric inequalities and cannot be reduced to equalities. The pseudo-additivity relation is, rather, a functional equation that determines t...

The question of whether extreme value statistics should be introduced into courses for physics students has been broached recently. Here it is argued that the topic should be taught but the many and varied physical applications should be stressed; emphasis should not be confined purely to abstract theory.

Now that an English translation of Schwarzschild's original work exists, that work has become accessible to more people. Here his original solution to the Einstein field equations is examined and it is noted that it does not contain the mathematical singularity normally associated with the existence of a black hole. Einstein's own views on this sub...

Attention is drawn to problems associated with superstatistics, including the apparent lack of knowledge of previous work in statistical physics displayed by workers in this supposedly new field.

The Tsallis entropy is shown to be a pseudo-additive entropy of degree-q that information scientists have been using for almost forty years. Neither is it a unique solution to the nonadditive functional equation from which random entropies are derived. Notions of additivity, extensivity and homogeneity are clarified. The relation between mean code...