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Publications (60)
A new knotweed hybrid originating from the crossing of Fallopia compacta and F. sachalinensis is described based on plant material collected in the Moravia region in the Czech Republic as F. ×moravica. In addition to the Czech Republic, the hybrid has also been reported previously from the United Kingdom and New Zealand; however, it was not disting...
Atriplex tatarica (Chenopodiaceae) is an herbal species that is native throughout a wide area of Middle and western Central Asia, Asia Minor, Eastern Europe, and North Africa. It is an annual diploid plant that is propagated by achenes only, which it produces in large quantities. Achenes are part of the persistent seed bank. This species tolerates...
Members of the genus Sesleria are important vegetation elements and are regarded as diagnostic or constant species in many plant communities. However, their identification is often problematic due to their similar morphology and phenotypic plasticity. Although the genus has been studied by many specialists, numerous taxonomic problems remain unreso...
Besides the well-known negative effects of invasive plant species on autochthonous plant communities, the breakdown of genetic integrity of indigenous species via alien-to-native hybridisation represents an additional direct threat to native flora which should not be underestimated. Our aim was to survey the current distribution of Solidago ×nieder...
Senecio praealtus var. borysthenicus DC. (Asteraceae) was described based on specimens from Ukraine provided by Wilibald S.J.G. von Besser (1784–1842) and annotated by Antoni L. Andrzejowski (1785–1868) as “Senecio borysthenicus”. This taxon was previously recognized as Senecio borysthenicus (DC.) Andrz. ex Czern. and is currently accepted as Jacob...
The genus Sesleria represents a taxonomically intricate polyploid complex of morphologically highly varied and weakly differentiated taxa. In the wider area of the Western Carpathians, the genus is represented by three tetraploid (S. caerulea, S. heufleriana, and S. uliginosa) and three octoploid (S. hungarica, S. sadleriana, and S. tatrae) species...
The taxonomy of the Cyanus tuberosus group has been unsettled since its first members were described in the nineteenth century. In this paper, we provide a revision of the group based on analyses of its genetic (amplified fragment length polymorphisms; 240 individuals), morphological (48 morphological traits, 611 individuals), ecological (42 studie...
The taxonomy of the Cyanus tuberosus group has been unsettled since its first members were described in the nineteenth century. In this paper, we provide a revision of the group based on analyses of its genetic (amplified fragment length polymorphisms; 240 individuals), morphological (48 morphological traits, 611 individuals), ecological (42 studie...
Representatives of Fallopia sect. Reynoutria (knotweeds) belong to the most aggressive invasive plants in Europe. Despite their significant role in biological invasions and the major interest devoted to them by botanists and environmentalists, the identification of the members of this group is still very difficult and often mistaken. We studied the...
Results of the 51st Floristic Course of Slovak Botanical Society and Czech Botanical
Society conducted in July 2012 in Zlaté Moravce are published. During the course, 198 localities was visited and 1068 plant taxa were recorded.
PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Detailed knowledge about the karyological diversity of organisms undoubtedly represents one of the crucial steps toward a better
understanding of their evolutionary trends and history. We investigated the cytotype and absolute genome size (AGS) patterns in the European mountaindwelling
genus Soldanella (Primulaceae) in light o...
Human alteration of watercourses is global phenomenon that has had significant impacts on local ecosystems and the services they provide. Monitoring of abiotic and biotic changes is essential to mitigating long-lasting effects, and the 23-year dataset from the Gabčíkovo Waterworks provided a rare opportunity to assess the impact of groundwater regi...
Treatment of the genus Persicaria for the Flora of Slovakia.
The genus Soldanella (Primulaceae) is endemic to European mountain ranges and harbors up to 20 taxa. Species are segregated into two sections, Tubiflores and Soldanella, which differ in their morphology and ecology. Karyologiacally has been all taxa reported to be diploids, but with two known chromosome races 2n=2x=38 and 40. Detail distribution of...
Polyploid speciation is an ongoing, important source of angiosperm diversity. However, the ecogeographical differences between polyploids and their lower-ploid progenitors remain poorly understood. Here we explore patterns in the distributions of three Jacobaea vulgaris ploidy levels (4x, 6x and 8x) in Slovakia, which involved sampling at 203 sites...
Several systematic and ecological studies have been recently devoted to Jacobaea vulgaris (syn. Senecio jacobaea) in Europe. As a result, interesting data on its karyology, genetics, morphology, and ecology have been revealed. One of them is the description of a new subspecies J. vulgaris subsp. pannonica occurring in Central Europe and probably al...
Five cytotypes have been reported for Jacobaea vulgaris (syn.: Senecio jacobaea); three of them with euploid (tetraploid, hexaploid, and octoploid; 2n = 40, 60, and 80) and one with aneuploid (2n = 32) chromosome numbers. Among them, only tetra- and octoploid cytotypes are regularly found, the other two are very rare. In this study we re-evaluated...
The article deals with the distribution of three species from the genus Rosa in Slovakia. Field research, sampling and herbarium sheet revision at the Herbarium of Department of Botany, Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University (SLO) and the Herbarium of Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAV) showed new data according the dis-t...
The tetraploid (2n = 4x = 28) Sesleria caerulea and octoploid (2n = 8x = 56) S. tatrae are closely
related species with very similar morphology. These species can tolerate a wide range of ecological
conditions, and in areas where the two co-occur, individual plants are often hardly distinguishable
and assumed to be products of hybridization. Conseq...
To reveal the general cytogeographical pattern of Cyanus section Protocyanus in Europe, DNA ploidy and/or chromosome numbers were newly examined for 160 populations by flow cytometry (450 plants) and/or chromosome counting (30 plants). Furthermore, previously published karyological data were revised (236 records). Our analyses confirmed chromosome...
The monocarpic perennial Peucedanum arenarium is a critically endangered plant species in Slovakia, growing only in several micro-localities on the Sandberg hill near Bratislava (NNR Devínska Kobyla). Disturbances such as grazing and fire were excluded from possible management measures on the dry, sandy slopes of the Sandberg hill. Three types of t...
The Balkan Peninsula, with many endemic species, is known as one of the most important speciation and diversification centres in Europe. Here, we present a study of the western Balkan populations of the polymorphic European species, V. suavis s.l., which have been reported under the name V. adriatica, but their taxonomic status and position within...
Members of the Pilosella alpicola species group (Asteraceae) are distributed throughout the alpine region of the European mountains (Alps, Carpathians, Balkan mountains). Like other Pilosella species groups (Hieracium subg. Pilosella ), the taxonomy and species' relationships are poorly understood mostly due to widespread facultative apomixis, freq...
Multivariate morphometrics and an assessment of genetic diversity obtained using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) were used to determine the variability of the polymorphic group Cyanus triumfetti in Central Europe. The ploidy level of the populations studied was also determined; all individuals from the C. triumfetti group were diploid...
Jacobaea vulgaris subsp. vulgaris (syn. Senecio jacobaea subsp. jacobaea) constitutes an intricate polyploid complex distributed in Europe. Four cytotypes have been reported in this species, three with euploid (diploid, tetraploid and octoploid; 2n=20, 40 and 80) and one with aneuploid (2n=32) chromosome numbers. Here we report that the diploid chr...
Multivariate morphometrics and an assessment of genetic diversity obtained using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) were used to determine the variability of the polymorphic group Cyanus triumfetti in Central Europe. The ploidy level of the populations studied was also determined; all individuals from the C. triumfetti group were diploid...
The Ranunculus auricomus complex is an interesting model system for studying the evolution and diversity of apomictic polyploid complexes. It comprises hundreds of agamospecies, usually referred to two distinct morphotypes (traditionally named "R. auricomus" and "R. cassubicus") which are connected by several intermediate forms. Here we try to eluc...
The pronounced morphological variation of the Cyanus triumfettii group (syn. Centaurea triumfettii s. latissimo) in the western Carpathians and Pannonia has resulted in confusing and contradictory taxonomic treatments. We focus on the taxonomic identity of populations which have been treated as C. triumfettii subsp. triumfettii in this area. Karyol...
Background and aims:
Viola species are commonly grown for their ornamental flowers, but their evolutionary history and taxonomy are often complicated and have been poorly explored so far. This is a study of the polymorphic, typically blue-flowered species Viola suavis, concentrating on the white-flowered populations of uncertain taxonomic assignme...
The taxomically critical species Centaurea stoebe is represented in Central Europe by a diploid (2n = 18) and a tetraploid (2n = 36) cytotype. Their morphological differentiation and taxonomic treatment is still controversial. Karyological (chromosome
numbers and flow cytometric measurements) and multivariate morphometric analyses were used here to...
Forty-nine morphological characters were scored or measured on 44 populations (376 individuals) of Viola subsect. Viola from the West Carpathians and adjacent areas (Slovakia, Czech Republic, Austria and Hungary). The presence of six species,
namely V. alba (represented by subsp. alba), V. ambigua, V. collina, V. hirta, V. odorata and V. suavis s.l...
Four different cytotypes have been reported for Senecio jacobaea L. ssp. jacobaea throughout Europe, with the most common occurrence of tetraploids (2n = 40). Here we present a survey of previously published chromosome number data on this subspecies and its geographical distribution, and focus on populations from Pannonia and the Carpathians. Two p...
New chromosome numbers for two species from the Senecio nemorensis group: S. dacicus (2n = 40) and S. ucranicus (2n = 40) have been ascertained. The counts for S. germanicus
Wallr. subsp. germanicus (2n = 40), S. hercynicus Herborg subsp. hercynicus (2n = 40), S. ovatus (P. Gaertn. et al.) Willd. subsp. ovatus (2n = 40) occurring in the Carpathians...
European populations of Senecio paludosus can be classified into three subspecies: subsp. paludosus, subsp. angustifolius and subsp. lanatus. They differ in the indument of cauline leaves and achenes as well as in the shape of cauline leaves. Taxonomic conspectus and full synonymy is provided for each subspecies, including information on type speci...
A multivariate morphometric study of Senecio paludosus L. from Central and Western Europe, with additional material from other neighbouring areas is presented. Three subspecies, namely S. paludosus L. subsp. paludosus, S. paludosus subsp. angustifolius Holub and S. paludosus subsp. lanatus Holub are recognised. Principal coordinate analysis confirm...
A multivariate morphometric study of Senecio paludosus L. from Central and Western Europe, with additional material from other neighbouring areas is presented. Three subspecies, namely S. paludosus L. subsp. paludosus, S. paludosus subsp. angustifolius Holub and S. paludosus subsp. lanatus Holub are recognised. Principal coordinate analysis confirm...
The vertical distribution of plant communities in the Gremyachaya Valley, Barguzinskii Range, was mapped. The research was focused on the study of changes of the vegetation under different climatic conditions. For comparison, the earlier published data from neighbouring valleys - Shumilikha, Bol'shoi Chivyrkui and Bol'shaya Cheremshana (all at the...
A multivariate morphometric study of the West-Carpathian population (26 populations - 451 individuals) is presented. Based on the results of analyses a new hybrid S. x slovacus (S. germanicus x S. hercynicus x S. ovatus) has been recognized in the West Carpathians as a distinct taxonomic entity. A survey of the morphological characters that serve t...
The vertical distribution of plant communities in the Gremyachaya Valley, Barguzinskii Range, was mapped. The research was focused on the study of changes of the vegetation under different climatic conditions. For comparison, the earlier published data from neighbouring valleys - Shumilikha, Bolshoi Chivyrkui and Bolshaya Cheremshana (all at the la...
Chivyrkuj and Boľshaya Cheremshana (all at the lake-side of Lake Baikal) were chosen. Although the area studied, the Gremjachaya Valley is situated on the opposite side of the ridge, similar plant communities were found but they showed a different pattern in their vertical distribution. Along more than a thousand meter transect 14 types of plant co...
Six species and subspecies of theS. nemorensis group from the Carpathians are recognized here, based on morphometric analyses (cluster and discriminant analyses). A new
speciesS. ucranicus
Hodálová and a new hybridS. ×dominii
Hodálová=S. germanicus
Wallr.×S. ucranicus
Hodálová, occurring in the East Carpathians and the eastern part of the South Car...
In the revision of the Senecio nemorensis group in the Carpathians five taxa, namely S. dacicus HODâLOVâ & MARHOLD, S. germanicus WALLR. subsp. germanicus, S. herc.ynicus HERBORG subsp. hercyniens, S. ovatus (P. GAERTN. et al.) WiLLD. subsp. ovatus and S. ucranicus HODÁLOVÁ have been recognized. Full synonymy, descriptions, distribution data and ec...
Morphometric comparison of three taxa of theSenecio nemorensisgroup, namelyS. germanicusWallrS. nemorensisL. and a new speciesS. dacicusHodál ová & Marhold is presented.S. dacicus, representing plants with eight ligules from the Romanian Carpathians, previously identified asS. nemorensisLis shown to be clearly distinct from the Siberian plants ofS....
Morphometric comparison of three taxa of the Senecio nemorensis group, namely S. germanicus Wallr., S. nemorensis L. and a new species S. dacicus Hodálová & Marhold is presented. S. dacicus, representing plants with eight ligules from the Romanian Carpathians, previously identified as S. nemorensis L., is shown to be clearly distinct from the Siber...
A synecological study of two sympatric taxa - S. ovatus subsp. ovatus and S. germanicus subsp. germanicus, based on 49 releves, made during years 1987-1993 in the Carpathians, is presented. Numerical classification (cluster analysis) and ordination (principal components analysis, PCA), were used. Existing published releves obtained from representat...
A multivariate morphometric study of Senecio germanicus subsp. germanicus, Senecio ovatus subsp. ovatus and their hybrid, Senecio χfutakii based on 19 population samples, collected throughout the Carpathians in Slovakia, Ukraine and Romania, is presented. Multivariate methods used include principal components analysis, cluster analysis, classificat...
Results of chorological study and distribution map of Senecio sylvaticus L. is presented. An identifi-cation key of the taxa morphologically assembly to S. sylvaticus (S. viscosus L., S. vulgaris L., S. vernalis Waldst. et Kit.) is included. Senecio sylvaticus L. (starček lesný) je jednoročná alebo, v strednej Európe, ozim-ná rastlina (niektoré ras...
Projects
Projects (3)
The National Herbarium of Ukraine (KW) is the largest herbarium in Ukraine (ca. 2 263 000 specimens); it is also listed by Index Herbariorum among the most important herbaria of the world. According to the Index Herbariorum Annual Report for 2020 (http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/The_Worlds_Herbaria_2020.pdf), the KW herbarium occupiers the 28th position in the world and the 21st position in Europe by the number of specimens. Here we will add various publications related to the unique 19th-century historical herbaria of Wilibald [Willibald] Swibert Joseph Gottlieb von Besser (1784–1842) and Nikolai [Nicolai or Nicholas] Stepanovich Turczaninow (1796–1863; also sometimes transliterated as Turczaninow, Turchaninov, Turtschaninov, or Turtschaninoff). Both Besser (KW-BESS) and Turczaninow (KW-TURCZ) collections at KW are amazingly rich in type specimens, including those collected by these two botanists, and also specimens received from contemporary botanists and plant collectors from all parts of the world. Historical specimens in these two collections are not only of exceptional scientific importance – they should be also considered as important historical and cultural heritage.
Asexually reproducing organisms are considered to be less adaptive than their sexually reproducing counterparts as they are constrained by reduced genetic variation. Nevertheless, it has been observed that many clonal species are able to occupy larger ranges than their sexual relatives, a pattern which is called ‘geographical parthenogenesis’. Various hypotheses have been proposed to explain such patterns, but with a limited evidence for any of them mostly due to a few empirical studies. Using diploid sexual and polyploid asexual Hieracium s.str. taxa (Asteraceae) as a model system and straightforward combination of observational, experimental, embryological, molecular (epigenetic methylation) and modelling approaches we will test the hypotheses putatively underlying the distributional success of asexual triploids and their adaptive potential. Our project will help in understanding of the causal factors of geographical parthenogenesis, an exciting issue of evolutionary biology, and thus in resolving of paradoxical predominance of sexual reproduction in multicellular organisms.
Objective 1: Evolutionary relationships within the genus.
Objective 2: Origin of morphological segregation of ecotypes in species with large ecological amplitude.
Objective 3: Phylogeography of the members of section Soldanella in Carpathians Dinarides and adjacent regions.