Itay Hadas

• PhD
• Research Scientist at University of California, San Diego

Importance Hyperactivity in the subgenual cingulate cortex (SGC) is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and anticorrelated with activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). This association was found to be predictive of responsiveness to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment. Such findings suggest that...

Objective Here we bring a neurophysiological diagnostic tool, based on pathophysiologically-relevant brain region, that is critical for reducing the variability between clinicians, and necessary for quantitative measures of ADHD severity. Methods 54 healthy and 57 ADHD adults participated in the study. Electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded whe...

Aberrant connectivity between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the subgenual cingulate cortex (SGC) has been linked to the pathophysiology of depression. Indirect evidence also links hippocampal activation to the cognitive side effects of seizure treatments. Magnetic seizure therapy (MST) is a novel treatment for patients with treatme...

This randomized clinical trial evaluates the effect of accelerated intermittent theta-burst stimulation, compared with sham stimulation, on depression severity in individuals with treatment-resistant bipolar depression.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide. One of the most efficacious treatments for treatment-resistant MDD is electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Recently, magnetic seizure therapy (MST) was developed as an alternative to ECT due to its more favorable side effect profile. While these approaches have been very succes...

Electroencephalographic (EEG) microstates can provide a unique window into the temporal dynamics of large‐scale brain networks across brief (millisecond) timescales. Here, we analysed fundamental temporal features of microstates extracted from the broadband EEG signal in a large ( N = 139) cohort of children spanning early‐to‐middle childhood (4–12...

Abstract Combined transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) is an effective way to evaluate neurophysiological processes at the level of the cortex. To further characterize the TMS-evoked potential (TEP) generated with TMS-EEG, beyond the motor cortex, we aimed to distinguish between cortical reactivity to TMS versus no...

The cortical response to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has notable inter-trial variability. One source of this variability can be the influence of the phase and power of pre-stimulus neuronal oscillations on single-trial TMS responses. Here, we investigate the effect of brain oscillatory activity on TMS response in 49 distinct healthy par...

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide. One of the most efficacious treatments for treatment-resistant MDD is electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Recently, magnetic seizure therapy (MST) was developed as an alternative to ECT due to its more favorable side effect profile. While these approaches have been very succes...

Objective Combined transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) is an effective way to evaluate neurophysiological processes at the level of the cortex. To further characterize the TMS-evoked potential (TEP) generated with TMS-EEG, beyond the motor cortex, we aimed to distinguish between cortical reactivity to TMS versus n...

Objective Using concurrent transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG), this study aims to compare the effect of three intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) doses on cortical activity in the left dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC) cortex. Methods Fourteen neurotypical participants took part in the following thre...

Background Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the most effective treatment for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), especially for acute suicidal ideation, but the associated cognitive adverse effects and negative stigma limit its use. Another seizure therapy under development is magnetic seizure therapy (MST), which could potentially overcome the...

Objective We measured the neurophysiological responses of both active and sham transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for both single pulse (SP) and paired pulse (PP; long interval cortical inhibition (LICI)) paradigms using TMS-EEG (electroencephalography). Methods Nineteen healthy subjects received active and sham (coil 90° tilted and touching...

Objective Altered interhemispheric connectivity is implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SCZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD) and may account for deficits in lateralized cognitive processes. We measured transcranial magnetic stimulation evoked interhemispheric signal propagation (ISP), a non-invasive measure of transcallosal conne...

Background : Combined transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) is emerging as a powerful technique for interrogating neural circuit dysfunction in psychiatric disorders. Here, we utilized time-frequency analyses to characterize differences in neural oscillatory dynamics between subjects with major depressive disorder (...

The effects of common antidepressants on suicidal ideation (SI) is unclear. In the landmark STAR*D trial antidepressants were effective for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in early treatment phases, but less effective in later phases. The effects of antidepressants on SI across the entire sample of the STAR*D trial has never been investigated. We p...

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a highly effective neuromodulatory intervention for treatment‐resistant major depressive disorder (MDD). Presently, however, understanding of its neurophysiological effects remains incomplete. In the present study, we utilised resting‐state electroencephalography (RS‐EEG) to explore changes in functional connectiv...

Magnetic seizure therapy (MST) is emerging as a safe and well-tolerated experimental intervention for major depressive disorder (MDD), with very minimal cognitive side-effects. However, the underlying mechanism of action of MST remains uncertain. Here, we used resting-state electroencephalography (RS-EEG) to characterise the physiological effects o...

Objective: Hyperactivity in the subgenual cingulate (SGC) has been demonstrated in major depressive disorder (MDD). The primary objective of this study is to combine transcranial magnetic stimulation with electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) to evaluate SGC activity in MDD before and after two different neuromodulatory MDD treatments: Repetitive Transc...

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive method that produces neural excitation in the cortex by means of brief, time-varying magnetic field pulses. The initiation of cortical activation or its modulation depends on the background activation of the neurons of the cortical region activated, the characteristics of the coil, its posit...

Background Smartphone usage is now integral to human behavior. Recent studies associate extensive usage with a range of debilitating effects. We sought to determine whether excessive usage is accompanied by measurable neural, cognitive and behavioral changes. Method Subjects lacking previous experience with smartphones (n = 35) were compared to a...

Socio-demographic characteristics of phase 1 sample. (DOCX)

Socio-demographic characteristics of phase 2 sample. (DOCX)

Induction of long-interval cortical inhibition in the rPFC by paired TMS pulses. (a) Grand average rectified ERPs induced by single pulses (SP) and paired pulses (PP) over the rPFC of SU and NU participants. Note the inhibited paired pulses as compared to single pulses in both groups. (b) LICI in the SU group (29%±5%) was higher on average than tha...

Electrophysiological response to single TMS pulses in the rPFC. Grand average rectified ERP plots of early TEP taken from all electrodes under the stimulation coil (FC4,F4,FC6,F6) in the Smartphone users (SU) and nonusers (NU) groups. (TIF)

Stop Signal EEG and TMS-EEG Protocol. (DOCX)

Executive functions are considered to be mostly heritable psychological traits (Engelhardt et al., 2015; Friedman et al., 2008). Throughout the lifespan, executive functions can be acutely affected by distracting environmental settings, but evidence that correlates non-aversive, chronic, and exogenic stimuli to long-term effects on these functions...

It has been suggested that excessive exposure of children to the dynamic and highly salient audio-visual stimuli conveyed by electronic media may induce attention-related deficits in adulthood. This study was designed to evaluate this hypothesis in a controlled animal model setup. Building on their natural responsiveness to odors, we exposed juveni...

Attentional functions are known to change during the life of an animal, yet these changes remain poorly understood. More

Background: Lithium has numerous biochemical effects but it is difficult to dissect which of these is responsible for its therapeutic action in bipolar disorder. In the current study we aimed to address one of the major hypotheses, the inositol depletion hypothesis. This hypothesis postulates that lithium's mood-stabilizing effect is mediated by t...

Objective: Lithium (Li), the drug of choice in bipolar disorder, reduces the function of the sodium-myo-inositol cotransporter 1 (SMIT1) and was shown to decrease brain myo-inositol levels in rodents. Reduction in brain myo-inositol was also found in SMIT1 knockout mice (Agam et al.2009). Homozygous but not heterozygous SMIT1 knockout mice were sho...

Lithium is used to treat bipolar disorder patients for 60 years, yet, the molecular mechanism of its therapeutic action is still unknown. The phosphatidyinositol (PI) cycle has a crucial role in mediating cellular processes and cell’s homeostasis in reaction to extracellular receptor binding. Lithium is implicated in manipulating the PI cycle by in...