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Industrial effluent discharge poses significant environmental challenges, particularly in regions where regulatory enforcement is weak. This study employs a spatial approach to assess the presence and concentration of chemical residues in water bodies impacted by effluent disposal from the Dangote (Savannah) Sugar Refinery. Water samples were colle...

Greece's military intelligence has played a crucial yet often overlooked role within NATO's strategic framework. As a NATO member since 1952, Greece has navigated complex geopolitical challenges while integrating into the alliance's evolving intelligence structures. This study examines the historical evolution, contemporary significance, and future...

The socioeconomic context of the current business environment is characterized by constant changes that require the employee to be trained continually to enhance the organization's competitiveness. This conceptual paper explores the influence of employee training programs on organizational performance, emphasizing their critical role in addressing...

This conceptual research explores the link between training courses and the employee satisfaction in organizations. The root cause of the problem is that training has emerged as a major factor which is used to promote the performance and satisfaction of the employees. Although the importance of training programs has been partially researched, the e...

Organizational performance and employee engagement gain their power from transformational leadership within present-day business competition. The analysis studies transformational leadership effects on organizational performance throughout businesses in Kano State Nigeria. The analysis looks at the employee engagement relationship with transformati...

This conceptual manuscript examines the leadership practices that leads to employees' performance and organizational effectiveness in Nigerian context. The study begins by addressing the critical challenge faced by Nigerian businesses: to what extent leadership impacts organizational results, specifically at a time of increased competition and envi...

The relationship between employee engagement and organizational performance has emerged as a research topic of great importance, particularly in emergent economies of the world including Nigeria. This research aims at finding the effects of Employee Engagement, which has the three components; Job Satisfaction, Employee Commitment, and Workplace Com...

Background: Breast reconstruction following mastectomy is an area where there is a significant lack of awareness and understanding. Breast cancer has a significant public health impact worldwide, and sub-Saharan Africa is particularly affected, with emotional, psychological, and physical effects on individuals.

Employee productivity in the Kano State Civil Service Commission has been a subject of concern due to inefficiencies attributed to poor collaboration, weak teamwork structures, and bureaucratic constraints. This study assesses the influence of collaborative teamwork on employee productivity within the commission, examining how teamwork dynamics, co...

This study aims to establish how the challenges and opportunities that women entrepreneurs experience in emerging markets such as Nigeria affect their success. The first issue is due to factors such as restricted funding, high-risk legislation, and poor training and development opportunities. These challenges are further compounded by cultural and...

In management literature, the association between employee output and organizational performance has been widely researched on. The background to this paper is the realization that improving organizational employee productivity is essential for achieving superior organizational results. The general research question of the present work, therefore,...

This paper examines the impact of leadership styles on the performance of women entrepreneurs in Kano Metropolis, addressing the challenges faced by women entrepreneurs in navigating societal, cultural, and economic barriers. The study recognizes that there is a research gap in the knowledge of how the various leadership styles; transformative, tra...

The food processing SME sector in Kano State benefits significantly from culturally sensitive branding because it alters consumer perception beliefs while building brand value and expanding market reach. An analysis evaluates the role of customized branding techniques towards market expansion, together with consumer trust development and competitiv...

Stroke remains one of the leading causes of disability and death in Nigeria, and its long-term effects on survivors often require continuous management for improved quality of life. As technology evolves, AI-powered smart gadgets like smartwatches and ECG monitors have emerged as promising tools for stroke management, offering survivors personalize...

This study examines the influence of Solution Footprint, a political program on Channel Television, on public perception of Soludo's administration, with the objectives of investigating the relationship between the program's viewership and public perception, and determining the extent to which the program influences citizens' opinions and attitudes...

This study examines Greece's trajectory following the Treaty of Lausanne (1923), with a focus on the interplay between military pedagogy, civil-military relations, and diplomacy in the interwar period (1923–1939). It explores how the Greek Army adapted its military education and strategy in response to shifting regional dynamics and geopolitical pr...

This study examines the evolution of military training, espionage, and counter-espionage within the Greek Army from 1821 to 1947, a period marked by Greece's struggle for independence, state-building, and participation in major global conflicts. It explores the foundational role of military pedagogy in shaping the Greek Army's strategic capabilitie...

This study examines the pivotal role of the Greek army, military diplomacy, and pedagogy in shaping Greece's sovereignty and geopolitical strategy through the lens of three key international treaties: the Montreux Convention (1936), and the Paris Peace Treaties (1947). Positioned at a critical geopolitical crossroads, Greece leveraged its military...

This study examines the social composition of the Greek Army from the War of Independence (1821-1829) to the conclusion of the Greek Civil War (1946-1949), exploring how class, regionalism, and ethnic diversity shaped its structure and function. While the Greek Army played a pivotal role in nation-building, its internal dynamics have often been ove...

Food is more than just a biological necessity; it is deeply interwoven with cultural, social, and economic structures. This study explores the food consumption patterns of the Mahadev Koli tribe in the tribal sub-plan area of Pune district, Maharashtra, focusing on the interplay between dietary practices, cultural identity, and environmental influe...

This article will introduce the definitions, merits, and demerits of the four prominent teaching and learning theories and their effects on developing learners' competency. Behaviorism, cognitive, mentalist, and monitoring are the most influential teaching and learning theories. The fundamental distinction between these theories relates to their in...

Motivation is a pivotal force that shapes an athlete's engagement, commitment, and overall performance in sports. This study aimed to investigate the intrinsic and extrinsic motivations among woodball players in Malaysia, with a particular focus on examining potential gender-based differences. Employing a quantitative research design, this study ut...

This study aims to assess the level of intrinsic motivation and mental toughness of Community College athletes participating in the 2024 Higher Education Institution Games (SUKIPT) 2024 and analyze the relationship between the two variables. This study uses a quantitative approach with a questionnaire as the main instrument involving 100 Community...

In today's dynamic business environment, supply chain disruptions and uncertainties were inevitable, posing significant challenges to firms aiming to maintain a competitive edge. Firms faced increasing risks from global supply chain complexities, geopolitical tensions, and unexpected events such as natural disasters and pandemics. This study addres...

A crucial factor influencing the effectiveness of supply chain management practices is organizational learning capability which refers to an organization's ability to create, retain, and transfer knowledge. High organizational learning capability enables continuous improvement and innovation in SCM processes, leading to better firm performance. How...

The adoption of e-procurement in the public sector is increasingly recognized as a pivotal factor in improving service performance. However, the precise nature of the relationship between e-procurement adoption and public sector service performance remains inadequately understood, particularly considering the moderating influences of citizen expect...

This paper will explore the concept of Oha na Eze, which is fundamental to the socio-political system of the Igbo people, one of Nigeria's largest ethnic groups. Oha na Eze, meaning "the people and the king" in Igbo, embodies the relationship between the ruler and the governed, emphasizing collective responsibility and participation in decision-mak...

This study investigated college students' attitudes towards English remedial classes, employing a quantitative research design with descriptive correlational analysis. Profile variables including age, gender, native language, and academic performance were examined alongside attitudes towards remedial classes. Findings reveal overwhelmingly positive...

Background This study aimed to determine the impact of pulmonary complications on death after surgery both before and during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. Methods This was a patient-level, comparative analysis of two, international prospective cohort studies: one before the pandemic (January–October 201...

Background Surgery is the main modality of cure for solid cancers and was prioritised to continue during COVID-19 outbreaks. This study aimed to identify immediate areas for system strengthening by comparing the delivery of elective cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic in periods of lockdown versus light restriction.

Background: Surgery is the main modality of cure for solid cancers and was prioritised to continue during COVID-19 outbreaks. This study aimed to identify immediate areas for system strengthening by comparing the delivery of elective cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic in periods of lockdown versus light restriction. Methods: This internati...

Aim This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Method This was an international cohort study of patients undergoing elective resection of colon or rectal cancer without preoperative suspicio...

Background Surgical services are preparing to scale up in areas affected by COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the association between preoperative SARS-CoV-2 testing and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective cancer surgery. Methods This international cohort study included adult patients undergoing elective surge...

The study was carried out to assess the factors associated with HIV seropositivity among female sex workers (FSWs) in Dimapur, Nagaland, a high HIV prevalence state of India. A total of 426 FSWs were recruited into the study using respondent driven sampling (RDS). Data on demographic characteristics, sexual and injecting risk behaviours were collec...