About
80
Publications
21,546
Reads
How we measure 'reads'
A 'read' is counted each time someone views a publication summary (such as the title, abstract, and list of authors), clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the full-text. Learn more
1,804
Citations
Introduction
Current institution
Publications
Publications (80)
Snakebite envenoming is a life-threatening disease in humans and animals and a major public health issue in rural communities of South-East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Yet the impact of snakebite on domestic animals has been poorly studied. This study aimed to describe the context, clinical features, treatment, and outcomes of snakebite envenoming...
The secretive behavior and life history of snakes makes studying their biology, distribution, and the epidemiology of venomous snakebite challenging. One of the most useful, most versatile, and easiest to collect types of biological data are photographs, particularly those that are connected with geographic location and date-time metadata. Photos v...
Background
Snakebite envenoming has a substantial health and socioeconomic effect in rural communities. However, there are insufficient epidemiological and animal data, which prevents accurate assessment on the effects of snakebite. We aimed to assess the health and socioeconomic effect of snakebite using a One Health perspective.
Methods
In this...
Background
Each year, 2 million people worldwide are bitten by snakes, resulting in an estimated 81 000–138 000 deaths. WHO has added snakebite envenoming to the list of neglected tropical diseases, highlighting the need for stronger epidemiological evidence in endemic countries, such as Nepal.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey in villa...
Considering the growing interconnection between climate and health crises, two complementary conceptual frameworks are emerging in the humanitarian field. The "One health" approach integrates human, animal and ecosystem health into a unified vision of health issues, while the "Planetary health" approach has a more comprehensive view of the impact o...
This policy brief results from a robust transdisciplinary collaboration that involved extensive meetings between leading academics and dedicated humanitarians and a global online consultation that gathered diverse insights.
Snakebite envenoming (SBE) is a neglected tropical disease that kills and maims hundreds of thousands of people yearly, particularly in impoverished rural settings of the Global South. Understanding the complexity of SBE and tackling this disease demands a transdisciplinary, One Health approach. There is a long-standing research tradition on SBE in...
Integrated approaches to health such as One Health are needed to tackle complex problems that cannot be solved by a single discipline or country, such as climate change, biodiversity loss or antimicrobial resistance. The Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), one of the international pioneers in One Health with its African partners...
Background
Snakebite envenoming is a neglected tropical disease that mainly affects poor populations in rural areas. In hyperendemic regions, prevention could partially reduce the constant risk, but the population still needs timely access to adequate treatment. In line with WHO's snakebite roadmap, we aim to understand snakebite vulnerability thro...
The origins, spreading mechanisms, and consequences of epidemics and pandemics lie at the intersection between environmental, human, and animal systems. Therefore, effective governance requires an approach that accounts for the systemic nature of epidemics and pandemics. Switzerland has an essential role to play in strengthening the One Health appr...
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2021.100068.].
Background
Snakebite envenoming is a neglected tropical disease that kills an estimated 81,000 to 138,000 people and disables another 400,000 globally every year. The World Health Organization aims to halve this burden by 2030. To achieve this ambitious goal, we need to close the data gap in snake ecology and snakebite epidemiology and give healthc...
The "One Health" approach is essential to better understand and manage a pandemic of animal origin. Sensitive geopolitical considerations seem to hamper the investigations into the origin of the pandemic, but everything points to the Rhinolophus bat as the starting point of this devastating pandemic. Through a phenomenon of reverse zoonosis, severa...
Building accurate knowledge of the identity, the geographic distribution and the evolution of species is essential for the sustainable development of humanity, as well as for biodiversity conservation. However, the difficulty of identifying plants, animals and fungi is hindering the aggregation of new data and knowledge. Identifying and naming livi...
Most efforts to understand snakebite burden in Nepal have been localized to relatively small areas and focused on humans through epidemiological studies. We present the outcomes of a geospatial analysis of the factors influencing snakebite risk in humans and animals, based on both a national-scale multi-cluster random survey and, environmental, cli...
Most efforts to understand snakebite burden in Nepal have been localized to relatively small areas and focused on humans through epidemiological studies. We present the outcomes of a geospatial analysis of the factors influencing snakebite risk in humans and animals, based on both a national-scale multi-cluster random survey and, environmental, cli...
Building accurate knowledge of the identity, the geographic distribution and the evolution of species is essential for the sustainable development of humanity, as well as for biodiversity conservation. However, the difficulty of identifying plants and animals is hindering the aggregation of new data and knowledge. Identifying and naming living plan...
Building accurate knowledge of the identity, the geographic distribution and the evolution of species is essential for the sustainable development of humanity, as well as for biodiversity conservation. However , the difficulty of identifying plants and animals is hindering the aggregation of new data and knowledge. Identifying and naming living pla...
Community empowerment and engagement is one of the four strategic aims highlighted in the WHO strategy to prevent and control snakebite envenoming. Inappropriate health-seeking behaviours contribute to adverse outcomes, and community engagement is key in driving behavioural change. WHO has highlighted East Africa as a geographical area of concern f...
We trained a computer vision algorithm to identify 45 species of snakes from photos and compared its performance to that of humans. Both human and algorithm performance is substantially better than randomly guessing (null probability of guessing correctly given 45 classes = 2.2%). Some species (e.g., Boa constrictor) are routinely identified with e...
Introduction: Biodiversity is inextricably linked to human health. As an important area of research of the Convention on Biological Diversity and a key avenue for the dissemination of biodiversity and health knowledge, we investigated how well-embedded biodiversity and health interlinkages are in institutional higher education offerings.
Methods: U...
Background
Worldwide, it is estimated that snakes bite 4.5–5.4 million people annually, 2.7 million of which are envenomed, and 81,000–138,000 die. The World Health Organization reported these estimates and recognized the scarcity of large-scale, community-based, epidemiological data. In this context, we developed the “Snake-Byte” project that aims...
Species identification can be challenging for biologists, healthcare practitioners and members of the general public. Snakes are no exception, and the potential medical consequences of venomous snake misidentification can be significant. Here, we collected data on identification of 100 snake species by building a week-long online citizen science ch...
Building accurate knowledge of the identity, the geographic distribution and the evolution of species is essential for the sustainable development of humanity, as well as for biodiversity conservation. However, the difficulty of identifying plants and animals in the field is hindering the aggregation of new data and knowledge. Identifying and namin...
Building accurate knowledge of the identity, the geographic distribution and the evolution of species is essential for the sustainable development of humanity, as well as for biodiversity conservation. However, the difficulty of identifying plants and animals in the field is hindering the aggregation of new data and knowledge. Identifying and namin...
Building accurate knowledge of the identity, the geographic distribution and the evolution of species is essential for the sustainable development of humanity, as well as for biodiversity conservation. However , the difficulty of identifying plants and animals in the field is hindering the aggregation of new data and knowledge. Identifying and nami...
Today, the world counts millions of refugees but only a fraction of them have access to higher education. Despite the multiple public health problems in refugee camps and the need to build local capacities to prevent and combat them, University level courses in public health are largely unavailable for refugees. This paper describes the development...
Snakebite envenoming causes up to 138,000 deaths and 400,000 permanently disabled victims worldwide every year. Flooding is one of the many factors that seems to influence the incidence of snakebite. The catastrophic floods from late 2018 in Kerala (India) were widely broadcast and are an example of how flooding events are related to the increased...
Background
Snakebite envenoming is a major global health problem that kills or disables half a million people in the world’s poorest countries. Biting snake identification is key to understanding snakebite eco-epidemiology and optimizing its clinical management. The role of snakebite victims and healthcare providers in biting snake identification h...
With increased complexity in various global health challenges comes a need for increased precision and the adoption of more tailored health interventions. Building on precision public health, we propose precision global health (PGH), an approach that leverages life sciences, social sciences, and data sciences, augmented with artificial intelligence...
Snakebite is a Neglected Tropical Disease estimated to cause more than 100,000 human deaths and disable more than 400,000 victims each year. It primarily affects poor agricultural workers, farmers, and cattle herders living in rural areas of developing countries. It is thus an occupational disease. However, the impact of snakebite on these rural co...
The new One Health approach proposes to view the human-animal-ecosystems relations as a continuum. This systemic approach proves very valuable when examining the links between wooded green spaces in urban areas and the health of city dwellers (more than half of the world population). These links and their diversity and complexity are now beginning...
In 2017, the Institute of Global Health (University of Geneva), the Swiss TPH (University of Basel) and the University of Montreal organised, in Geneva, the First Global Flipped Classroom on One Health: From MOOCs to real world challenges. With the support of SSPH+, this workshop brought together 12 national and international learners from the MOOC...
Our objective was to assess snakebite with a One Health approach considering its impact on domestic animals and subsequent impact on livelihood in poor agro-ecosystems.The poster presents the results of the first scoping review aiming at identifying and characterizing the global literature on snakebite in domestic animals.
Background: The 2014-2016 Ebola outbreak across West Africa was devastating, acting not only as a wake-up call for the global health community, but also as a catalyst for innovative change and global action. Improved infectious disease monitoring is the stepping-stone toward better disease prevention and control efforts, and recent research has rev...
La nouvelle approche « Une seule santé » (One Health) propose d’aborder les relations homme-animal-écosystèmes dans leur continuum. Cette approche systémique peut s’avérer fort utile pour aborder les liens entre espaces verts boisés en région urbaine et santé des citadins (plus de la moitié de la population mondiale). Ces liens commencent à être ma...
BACKGROUND
Wet markets are critical for food security and sustainable development in their respective regions. Due to their cultural significance, they attract numerous visitors and consequently generate tourist-geared information on the Web (ie, on social networks such as TripAdvisor). These data can be used to create a novel, international wet ma...
Background
Wet markets are markets selling fresh meat and produce. Wet markets are critical for food security and sustainable development in their respective regions. Due to their cultural significance, they attract numerous visitors and consequently generate tourist-geared information on the Web (ie, on social networks such as TripAdvisor). These...
The journal The Lancet recently published a countdown on health and climate change. Attention was focused solely on humans. However, animals, including wildlife, livestock and pets, may also be impacted by climate change. Complementary to the high relevance of awareness rising for protecting humans against climate change, here we present a One Heal...
Detailed version of methodology.
(DOCX)
Scientist-generated observations dataset.
(XLSX)
Geographical distribution of C. atrox, C. oreganus, A. contortrix, and A. piscivorus citizen-generated observations (1990–2017) over known geographic range in the US.
S1 Fig shows the geographical distribution of citizen-generated observations of C. atrox, C. oreganus, A. contortrix, and A. piscivorus species gathered from iNaturalist over their kn...
VertNet records used in study.
(XLSX)
GBIF Datasets used in study.
(DOCX)
Citizen-generated observations dataset.
(XLS)
In 2016 and 2017 the first three MOOCs (Massive Online Open Course) addressing One Health were released, two of them by University of Geneva and University of Basel (Switzerland). With the support of Swiss School of Public Health and using these two highly interdisciplinary MOOCs, the first ‘Global Flipped Classroom in One Health’ was organized in...
With a highly transdisciplinary and international approach and with a large panel of prominent experts from academia, international organisations and NGOs, this MOOC addresses some of the major current challenges and opportunities in “Global Health at the Human-Animal-Ecosystem Interface”.
Both health risks, including zoonotic emerging infections,...
Precision global health is an approach similar to precision medicine, which facilitates, through innovation and technology, better targeting of public health interventions on a global scale, for the purpose of max-imising their effectiveness and relevance. Illustrative examples include: the use of remote sensing data to fight vector-borne diseases;...
Global changes are major determinants for infectious diseases, although attributable, part of climate change remains debatable. Vector-borne diseases are prone to be impacted by global warming, although other factors may play a substantial role, evidenced by the dramatic decrease in malaria in the last decades in places where climate change has dee...
Increased expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its receptor (uPAR) is associated with different pathological conditions. Both uPAR-mediated signaling and plasmin-catalyzed extracellular proteolysis may contribute to pathogenesis. To evaluate the involvement of plasminogen in such circumstances, we have taken advantage of tra...
The serpin plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) type 2 is expressed in differentiated epidermal keratinocytes. To explore its role in this tissue, we studied the impact of PAI-2 overexpression on epidermal differentiation and skin carcinogenesis. A mouse PAI-2-encoding transgene was targeted to basal epidermis and hair follicles under the control...
The plasminogen activator cascade initiated by urokinase type plasminogen activator (u-PA) is involved in extracellular matrix degradation during the tumor invasion process. The plasminogen activator inhibitors 1 (PAI-1) and 2 (PAI-2) are two specific inhibitors of u-PA. We hypothesized that the balance between u-PA and its two inhibitors could be...
By catalyzing plasmin formation, the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) can generate widespread extracellular proteolysis and thereby play an important role in physiological and pathological processes. Dysregulated expression of uPA during organogenesis may be a cause of developmental defects. Targeted epithelial expression of a uPA-encodin...
The retinoblastoma (RB) gene plays a key role in cell cycle control by regulation of G1 growth arrest. This gene is inactivated in some human cancers and in most small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) cell lines. The aim of this study was to analyze the mechanisms of RB silencing in freshly excised neuroendocrine (NE) tumors embracing the entire spectrum...
We have previously shown that the extracellular-matrix-degrading enzymes, urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA), stromelysin 1, stromelysin 3, and matrilysin, may play an important role in the transition from lung preneoplasia to invasive carcinoma. Using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, we analyzed serial frozen sections for t...
Matrix proteases and the transcription factor c-Ets-1, which regulates in vitro stromelysin 1, collagenase 1, and urokinase type plasminogen activator gene promoters, are frequently expressed in invasive carcinomas. Using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, we analyzed collagenase 1, stromelysins 1 and 3, matrilysin, urokinase type plas...
The c-ets-1 transcription factor has been involved in the in vitro transactivation of matrix-degrading protease genes that might play an important role in tumor invasion. Using in situ hybridization, we analyzed serial frozen sections for c-ets-1, collagenase 1, and urokinase-type plasminogen activator gene expression in 54 lung carcinomas includin...
RB protein expression and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in the RB gene were studied in 77 primary lung carcinomas of all histological types. RB protein expression was studied by immunohistochemistry with 3 anti-RB antibodies, and was found altered in 23/29 (79%) neuro-endocrine (NE) carcinomas and in 18/48 (37%) non-NE carcinomas. RB gene allele sta...
