Irwanto Irwanto

• Ph.D.
• Professor (Full) at Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia

Introduction Indonesia has an escalated HIV epidemic concentrated among key populations. To strengthen the care cascade, we implemented a care pathway for the screening of individuals for acute HIV infection (AHI), to achieve prompt diagnosis and antiretroviral treatment (ART) initiation, at three non‐governmental sexual health clinics in Jakarta a...

Parenting training has been considered crucial to improving child development. The Tanoto Foundation's parenting program intervention was started in 2021 when the COVID-19 pandemic impacted government policies in Indonesia. Preventive measures that limit mobility affect the sustainability of face-to-face parenting interventions. The study aimed to...

Background To reduce the high HIV incidence among key populations in Indonesia, we implemented a clinical pathway for screening, diagnosis and treatment of acute HIV infection (AHI) in sexual health clinics in Jakarta and Bali. This paper presents a cohort profile and analysis of baseline data on the study uptake, diagnostic yield, and estimated AH...

The pandemic brought many changes, including for students. Various negative things experienced by students have an impact on their mental health. However, there are coping mechanisms that can bring positive changes to students' lives and help them survive the post-pandemic period. This research aimed to explore: the problems, level of stress, copin...

Introduction: Progress towards the 95-95-95 target among People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection was considerably low. A behavioral approach, such as motivational interviewing (MI), has been recognized as an effective strategy for improving HIV treatment outcomes among PWID. Objective: This study aimed at...

p>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence on pregnant women in Indonesia is estimated around 0.3%. The prevention of mother-to-child disease transmission (PMTCT) program has been implemented nationally since 2008, though, less than 50% of the total pregnant women each year get an HIV test and only 18% of those who are HIV positive get antiret...

(1) Background: This study aimed to explore the dynamics of meaning-making among drug addicts during drug addiction recovery by using a case study approach. The participants were five male recovering addicts, aged 26 to 49 years, who had been abstinent for 4 to 17 years; (2) Methods: Data collection consisted of in-depth interviews. Data were analy...

Abstrak Lupus ( Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) atau SLE adalah penyakit autoimun kronis. Efek psikologisnya antara lain emosi yang tidak stabil, perasaan lemah, putus asa, cemas, takut dan memicu depresi. Intervensi terhadap emosi negatif dapat memperbaiki kondisi kesehatan klien. Salah satu caranya adalah menjaga dan memupuk emosi positif, seperti...

Introduction HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men has increased in Indonesia, amid reports of growing stigma against lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender individuals and policies that have pushed back public health outreach to these groups. Methods We assessed the utility of tailored short film and targeted social media engagement to r...

Objectives: International lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic impacted antiretroviral drug supplies in Indonesia. We assessed the impact of antiretroviral treatment (ART) provision and being lost to follow-up (LTFU) on people living with HIV, attending a key population-focused HIV clinic in Denpasar, Bali. Methods: This was a retrospective no...

A constructivist grounded theory approach was used to understand how some people living with stigmatized health conditions develop positive deviance to overcome stigma. We examined interviews from 13 identified positive deviants living with four different stigmatized health conditions (HIV, leprosy, schizophrenia, and diabetes) in Indonesia. Positi...

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui lebih dalam fenomena stres kerja pada jurnalis media daring rubrik kriminal dengan mengidentifikasi sumber, dampak dan strategi mengatasi stres kerja mereka. Hasil penelitian dengan tiga informan menunjukkan bahwa, terdapat kasus-kasus yang mampu merepresentasi ragam masalah stres kerja pada jurnal...

Stigma and discrimination against persons with mental disorder has been a global issue. The negative impacts of this includes serious barrier to supportive government policies and detrimental effects to the quality of life of the stigmatized persons. Earlier studies suggest that stigma has been observed among professionals such as medical doctors,...

Digital media has a global reach that includes increasingly marginalised and vulnerable communities. Engaging, empowering media paired with key health messaging can provide education in more effective ways, build trust and bring communities together. An HIV testing and study recruitment film was co-created with a multidisciplinary team of HIV/sexua...

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses pembentukan resiliensi pada pekerja seks transpuan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah tiga pekerja seks transpuan yang telah sepenuhnya atau sebagian membuka identitas seksualnya pada orang tua. Data dikumpulkan mela...

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex intellectual and developmental disability clinically diagnosed when s/he is 2 or three years old. These children demand special care to meet their special needs to enable optimized potentials in their development. This qualitative study aims at understanding the stressors affecting the quality of life of...

This study explored the possibility of a common health-related stigma reduction intervention among people living with HIV, leprosy, schizophrenia and diabetes in Indonesia by assessing their perspectives towards others with the same (within group) and different health conditions (across groups), and willingness to participate in such a program. Thi...

Indonesia has one of the fastest growing HIV epidemics in the world. AIDS related deaths in Indonesia have not fallen and have increased significantly since 2010. HIV infection rates remain high and rising in key affected populations. We provide an on the ground, evidence-based perspective of the challenges Indonesia faces. We discuss what is requi...

Background Health-related stigma is a complex phenomenon, the experience of which intersects with those of other adversities arising from a diversity of social inequalities and oppressive identities like gender, sexuality, and poverty – a concept called “intersectionality”. Understanding this intersectionality between health-related stigma and othe...

full text available https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0956462420949795

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1010539520962611 (Full text available via link)

A descriptive study on how young people view child marriage, experiences of those who have been married and percpectives of potential game changers.

Comparing live experiences of being stigmatized and how to resolve stigmatization among people living witj HIV, people affected by Leprosy, and people living with Schizophrenia

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanhiv/article/PIIS2352-3018(20)30138-7/fulltext

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memahami secara mendalam mengenai pengalaman hidup pada remaja korban eksploitasi seksual komersial. Di Indonesia kasus ini semakin menunjukkan kompleksitasnya. Remaja menjadi korban tidak hanya karena terjerat di dalam lingkaran perdagangan manusia untuk tujuan eksploitasi seksual komersial, akan tetapi juga terdapat...

Health-related stigma causes a negative impact on the lives of affected people and undermines the effectiveness of public health programs. This study aimed to explore experiences and consequences of stigma among people affected by four health conditions relevant in Indonesia– HIV, leprosy, schizophrenia and diabetes. In this qualitative study 40 pe...

Previous studies suggest that the practice of female child and adolescent prostitution can be attributed to various personal and social risk factors. However, cultural beliefs shared in specific societies may also determine prostitution involvement. We qualitatively explored the risk factors associated with prostitution in a rarely investigated Ind...

In rapid national development, persons with disabilities (PWD) are often lack behind due to lack of policy undertaking that accommodate their limitations and enabling their capacities and strengths. CBR model has been developed by WHO to empower PWD so that they are enabled to participate and contribute in their community as a equel members of the...

A field study on access to basic rights of children living in poor communities in Jakarta, Indonesia.

Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga mengacu pada segala bentuk perilaku semena-mena yang tidak hanya berupa kekerasan fisik, tetapi juga kekerasan verbal dan seksual. Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga adalah sebuah fenomena yang telah menarik perhatian dunia karena perilaku kasar yang diterima perempuan dari pasangannya dalam jangka panjang, yang mengarah pada...

Community resilience in dealing with disasters is one of the content of the 2015-2030 Sendai Framework. The RPJMN 2015-2019 and RKP 2018 state that community resilience is an important target of development. The concept of resilience is used by many different fields of science, even some studies have gone beyond individual limits and are moving on...

Women who inject drugs are disproportionately affected by co-occurring intimate partner violence (IPV), poor mental health, and substance use. Less is known about the potentially synergistic effects of these factors on women’s HIV risk behavior, and no known studies in Asia examine these relationships. This study assessed the additive and interacti...

The consequences of leprosy go beyond the physical, social and psychological, as leprosy can drive persons affected and their families into poverty, stigmatization and disability. This paper describes the impact of a socioeconomic development (SED) intervention that uses a twin-track approach (two micro-credit models) to reduce leprosy-related stig...

The consequences of leprosy go beyond the physical, social and psychological, as leprosy can drive persons affected and their families into poverty, stigmatization and disability. This paper describes the impact of a socio-economic development (SED) intervention that uses a twin-track approach (two micro-credit models) to reduce leprosy-related sti...

Women who inject drugs are disproportionately affected by HIV and intimate partner violence (IPV); however, the link between IPV and HIV remains under-researched among substance-using women in low- and middle-income countries. This study examined associations and additive effects of different forms of IPV victimization (psychological, physical and/...

Objective: Leprosy-related stigma varies in intensity in different contexts, yet it seems that no research has been conducted on the differences in the level of stigma within a specific area at geographical level. The aim of this study is to determine differences in leprosy-related stigma between 30 sub-districts in Cirebon District. Methods: Data...

It is a study of transformative learning of gays and transwomen who were working as sex workers in Jakarta, Indonesia. The study focuses on how experiences through out the lifetime, from childhood, school years, and woking adulthood has changed how they see themselves as persons who has rights and responsibilities.

This study looks at how children with disabilities are socially represented in inclusive schools. A number of 371 junior secondary students without disabilities were recruited from 6 inclusive schools in Jakarta. In a free association fashion, they were stimulated with a phrase "student with disabilities" and their responses were recorded. They wer...

Objectives: Leprosy-related stigma remains a major and difficult challenge to tackle. This study charts the development of a counselling practice and module in which stigmatised individuals are involved as lay and peer counsellors. The practice and module aims to reduce leprosy-related stigma in Cirebon District, Indonesia. Results: An exploratory...

Objectives: People affected by leprosy are often stigmatised, but stigma is rarely quantified and the effectiveness of interventions is often not evaluated. The SARI Project aimed to test and evaluate three interventions: counselling (involving peer counsellors), socio-economic development (SED) and contact between community members and affected p...

Background: There is a need for comprehensive, valid and reliable instruments to assess leprosy-related stigma. This paper presents the process of the cross-cultural validation of an instrument in Cirebon District, Indonesia initiated by the Stigma Assessment and Reduction of Impact (SARI) project. Methods: The Berger Scale was initially develop...

Meta analysis of experiences of countries in ASEAN in implementing the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

Background This paper assesses the impact of a counselling intervention on reducing leprosy-related stigma in Cirebon District, Indonesia. The unique features of this intervention are its rights-based approach, the underlying Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) model, the three types of counselling and the lay and peer counsellors who were involved...

Desk-review ini dimaksudkan untuk memotret situasi umum yang dihadapi oleh penyandang disabilitas di Indonesia. Mulai dari upaya untuk menggambarkan karakteristik dan besaran populasinya, diikuti dengan kebijakan dan program pemerintah, kerangka hokum positif yang relevan dengan persoalan disabilitas, dan analisis mengenai partisipasi penyandang di...

The Stigma Assessment and Reduction of Impact project aims to assess the effectiveness of stigma-reduction interventions in the field of leprosy. Participatory video seemed to be a promising approach to reducing stigma among stigmatized individuals (in this study the video makers) and the stigmatisers (video audience). This study focuses on the vid...

PUSKAPA aim to continue to support research on disability in Indonesia. This annotated bibliography is PUSKAPA's contribution to facilitate the access to information on disability in Indonesia for students, lecturers, and researchers.

PUSKAPA aim to continue to support research on disability in Indonesia. This annotated bibliography is PUSKAPA's contribution to facilitate the access to information on disability in Indonesia for students, lecturers, and researchers.

International attention for disability recognises that it plays an important role in persistent poverty. Leprosy can cause preventable disability. Stigma associated with leprosy often has greater implications for people affected than physical impairments. The Stigma Assessment and Reduction of Impact (SARI) project in Indonesia employs an action re...

Background: Can deliberate interaction between the public and persons affected by leprosy reduce stigmatization? The study described in this paper hypothesises that it can and assesses the effectiveness of a 'contact intervention'. Methods/principal findings: This cluster-randomized controlled intervention study is part of the Stigma Assessment...

Analysis of gaps in achievement during short term development plan on child protection.

Persons affected by leprosy or by disabilities face forms of stigma that have an impact on their lives. This study seeks to establish whether their experiences of stigma are similar, with a view to enabling the two groups of people to learn from each other. Accounts of experiences of the impact of stigma were obtained using in-depth interviews and...

Objective: Counselling has been identified as a promising strategy to reduce stigma. Lay and peer counsellors have provided counselling in various fields, but this has not yet been studied in the field of leprosy. The Stigma Assessment and Reduction of Impact (SARI) project in Cirebon District, Indonesia took up this endeavour. This paper describe...

Backgr*ound and objectives: The prevalence of adolescent conduct disorder (CD) among school in Jakarta is 26,1% leading to high incidence of student brawls. Up until now, there is no structured module for CD intervention that can be done by teacher, thus mindfulness therapy is used in scholl to reduce such incidence. The objective of this study is...

Background Stigma plays in an important role in the lives of persons affected by neglected tropical diseases, and assessment of stigma is important to document this. The aim of this study is to test the cross-cultural validity of the Community Stigma Scale (EMIC-CSS) and the Social Distance Scale (SDS) in the field of leprosy in Cirebon District, I...

to identify the effectiveness of rational-emotive-behavior-based therapy (REBT-based therapy) on improved mental health and antiretroviral (ART) therapeutic adherence in women infected with HIV/AIDS (female subjects with HIV/AIDS). a randomized and single-blinded clinical trial in women infected with HIV/AIDS who had their treatment at the outpatie...

Objective: Few studies have examined psychiatric comorbidity among HIV positive injection drug users (IDUs) in resource-limiting settings. We sought to identify key factors associated with symptoms of depression among IDUs receiving antiretroviral (ARV) treatment in Jakarta and Denpasar, Indonesia. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducte...

Purpose: This study analyses the experiences of women affected by leprosy, taking into consideration whether they concealed or disclosed their status, and looks specifically at their 'agency'. The aim is to provide recommendations for stigma-reduction interventions. Methods: The study population consisted of women affected by leprosy who live in Ci...

A report on the lives of women, transgenders, and gay who work as sex workers in Jakarta.

Compilation of relevant laws and provisions to UNCRPD.

It is imperative to consider the meaning of leprosy and everyday experiences of people affected by leprosy and key persons in the community if one aims to make leprosy services more effective, which appears necessary in Indonesia given the large numbers of new cases detected annually. However, little is written in the international literature about...

Describe the situation and condition of most vulnerable children in Indonesia and policy challenges

The Participation Scale is an 18-item interview-based scale that measures social participation. In Indonesia, problems were reported with conducting the Participation Scale interview. To address these, a simplified version of the Participation Scale was developed and tested in Jakarta and Makassar, Indonesia. People with different kinds of disabili...

A simplified guidelines to child rights activists in Indonesia.

An assessment on the integration of reproductive health and Drug abuse issues on hiv education in Junior and Senior Secondary Schools in Papua, Maluku, West Kalimantan, Riau islands, DKI Jakarta, Bali and impact of decentralization on Ministry of Education response. This is a rapid assessment report for UNESCO Jakarta.

Harm Reduction as a national policy to deal with increasing HIV infection among injecting drug users (IDU) was accommodated in the National Strategic Plan 2003‐2007 and later renewed in the same document of 2007‐2010. In addition, the Ministry of Health issued decree No. 567/Menkes/SK/ VIII/2006 on Guidelines of the Implementation of Harm Reduction...

Summarised known issues in child protection in Indonesia.

Children have been perceived as passive agents of socialization and parenting in sociological and psychological literatures. Our experience in building peace and reconciliation in the post conflict North Maluku in 2002-2004 suggests that senior high school students are strategic and effective agents of change, especially in facilitating normalizati...

Few studies have examined the impact of unintended pregnancy on women in developing countries. This paper examines the impact of unintended pregnancy on Indonesian women's psychological well-being. It is hypothesized that experiencing unintended pregnancy is associated with lower psychological well-being and that use of family planning and small fa...

Cchildren living in poverty are especially vulnerable to experimenting with street drugs, especially psychotropic pills, marijuana, and glue. This study explored the experiences of those children who were exploited by organized crime to sell and distribute drugs in Jakarta.

A collection of accounts of invisible victims of development in the Asia Rgion

Many children in Indonesia live on the streets of cities in major islands in Indonesia, especially Java island. Some of them were part of the urban poor, but many of them left their homes due to violence and exploitation. While living on the street, these children are prone to further violence and discrimination. Since 2000 there have been several...

Collection of cases of children in difficult circumstances and other caes of social injustice for classroom discussion

Stories of children sexually exploited for economic purposes in a small district in Central Java. This is an ethnographic account of families whose children were sold to the commercial sex industry in Indonesia.

This paper describes the development of a set of measures of women's psychological well-being in Indonesia, identifies meaningful clusters of women based on the well-being measures, and explores the sociodemographic factors associated with these well-being clusters. This is the first published study to measure psychological well-being among a large...

This study compared families of Indonesian (N=61) and American (N=152) adolescent drug abusers in terms of: a) the perceived levels of family cohesion and adaptability, b) the manner and extent to which the Indonesian and American samples differed on cohesion and adaptability, and c) the extent to which cohesion and adaptability were related to the...

Incl. tables, appendices and bibl.