Inmaculada Valor-Segura

University of Granada | UGR · Department of Social Psychology

When forming a relationship, people can to some extent include their partner’s resources, perspectives and identities in their own identity (i.e., inclusion of the other in the self, or IOS). In this study, which was conducted with 169 couples, we examine the association of three sources of IOS: (a) the IOS of one member of the relationship; (b) th...

Distributive justice remains a central issue in contemporary welfare states, even more during times of economic hardship and social uncertainty. In this article, we analyze how attitudes toward the principles of normative distributive justice (equality, need, equity, and entitlement) are related to support for the redistribution of resources (Study...

It has been widely documented that infidelity is established as one of the main causes of relationship breakdowns. Likewise, the empirical literature has also revealed the association between anxious attachment and personal distress with unforgiveness motivations. However, there is no known research that has examined the role of anxious attachment...

Unlabelled: Poverty is a phenomenon that affects men and women differently. In the current research, we examined social perceptions of poor men and women across three experiments focusing on attributions for poverty, classist attitudes, and stereotypes about poor people. In Study 1, participants from the general population (N = 484) made more indi...

This multistudy investigation is focused on the analysis of theoretically relevant compassion-related appraisals (i. e., similarity with the person in need, attribution of responsibility, and help-related perceived efficacy) that may promote compassionate responses in the context of adversity. Study 1 (N = 384) revealed that a higher similarity wit...

The economic crisis of 2008 severely affected the welfare states. As the economic situation of a country worsens, the resources that the public administration can devote to improve the situation of the people also decrease, endangering the advancement of those in a disadvantaged situation. People who have always lived in poverty, besides having the...

Psychological research has produced a rich body of empirical data documenting humanity’s propensity to commit infidelity in the context of long-term relationships, but comparatively little work has been dedicated to synthesizing these data into an integrated framework that encompasses the full range of its processes, from why it occurs in the first...

Infidelity is negatively judged all over the world, but there are substantial cultural differences in this respect. Moreover some variables seem globally consistently associated with the occurrence of infidelity. The current chapter examines cross-cultural differences about what infidelity means and the social and psychological correlates associate...

Sexual coercion is among the subtlest forms of sexual violence in an intimate relationship and sometimes goes unnoticed by victims. The present study analyzed factors that potentially mitigate women’s negative perceptions of intimate partner sexual coercion (IPSC). A total of 427 women completed an online survey, in which they were shown vignettes...

Sexual coercion is one of the most subtle manifestations of gender-based violence and may profoundly affect victims’ sexuality. This research analyzed the association of previous experiences of sexual coercion by an intimate partner (intimate partner sexual coercion [IPSC]) with women’s reactions and responses to a scenario of sexual violence. Fema...

Sexual coercion is among the subtlest forms of sexual violence in an intimate relationship and sometimes goes unnoticed by victims. The present study analysed factors that potentially mitigate women’s negative perceptions of intimate partner sexual coercion (IPSC). A total of 427 women completed an online survey, in which they were shown vignettes...

Power dynamics are fundamental when negotiating conflicts. However, no instrument for measuring power in romantic relationships has been adequately adapted to Spanish culture. The goal of this research was to adapt the Relationship Power Inventory (RPI; Farrell et al., 2015) to Spanish culture and language, filling this gap by providing a rigorous...

By relying on literature on counter-stereotypes and media contact, we investigated whether media exposure is associated with counter-stereotypical gender perceptions. Focusing on the 2019 FIFA Women’s World Cup, we recruited samples ( N = 2,228) from eight competing countries (China, France, Germany, Italy, Scotland, Spain, England, US) across thre...

Drawing on recent research indicating that subjective economic experiences allow for determining the differences in individuals’ health outcomes, the present research tested in the Spanish population the hypothesis that a higher perceived impact of the current economic crisis is related to lower levels of subjective well-being and self-perceived he...

Police officers are society’s first interveners in intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) and are essential for victim safety. Despite IPVAW laws, police attitudes influence their real actions during IPVAW intervention. However, the fuzzy conceptualization of the construct deters the pursuit of conclusive evidence. This systematic review s...

Sexual coercion is one of the most frequent manifestations of sexual aggression that occurs within intimate relationships. The current research examined the role of previous perpetration of sexual coercion toward an intimate partner on men’s proclivity toward partner sexual assault and their cognitive and emotional reactions to a sexual assault sce...

Purpose This paper aims to report the findings of a study examining the relationship between different leadership styles and engagement through the mediating role of proactive personality. Design/methodology/approach Servant leadership, paradoxical leadership, authentic leadership, employee engagement and proactive personality were assessed in an...

Prior research has indicated that the people one loves the most, such as their romantic partners, ironically, are also the people toward whom they often direct destructive behaviors in times of conflict, and such destructive responses become one of the most challenging relationship problems. Identifying the conditions that promote destructive (vs....

This research aims to elucidate the connection of perceived health and financial threat linked to the COVID-19 pandemic with the willingness to engage in prosocial and antisocial behaviors, while also testing the potential mediating role of empathic concern. During the lockdown period, a sample of Spanish community members (N = 702) filled in a mul...

Sexual coercion is one of the most frequent manifestations of sexual aggression that occurs within intimate relationships. The current research examined the role of previous perpetration of sexual coercion toward an intimate partner on men’s proclivity toward partner sexual assault and their cognitive and emotional reactions to a sexual assault sce...

Prior research indicated that lack of power leads to emotional suppression and low emotional expression during conflicts among strangers. However, little is known about how power affects emotional inhibition in close relationships, where partners are highly interdependent, and achieving one's goals greatly depends on their partner's cooperation. In...

Background: Violence against women has been classified as a worldwide public health problem. There are no assessment instruments of attitudes toward violence in couples adapted to the culture and the Spanish spoken in Colombia. The aim of the study is to adapt the Intimate Partner Violence Attitude Scales (IPVAS) and obtain validity evidence. Met...

Sexual aggression is one of the most humiliating forms of gender-based violence and may profoundly affect victims’ physical, mental, and sexual health. This research analyzed the role of previous experiences of sexual coercion by an intimate partner on women’s behavioral, cognitive, and emotional responses to a video clip showing a sexual assault i...

This experiment explored behavioral consequences of interpersonal objectification. In an actual interaction with an objectifying man, women (N = 91) perceived the interaction as less pleasant, reducing the amount of time they spent interacting with the male objectifier compared to a neutral interaction. Moreover, the effect of the objectifying beha...

Public helping reactions are essential to reduce a victim’s secondary victimization in intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) cases. Because gender-related characteristics have been linked widely to IPVAW prevalence, the study aimed to examine individual attitudes and perceptions toward different forms of violence against women, as well as...

Transgressions occur frequently in romantic relationships, and how they are perceived is influenced by the type of transgression that occurred. By means of an experimental study of 399 participants (75.9% women and 24.1% men) aged 18 to 64 years old ( Mage = 31.20, SD = 10.48), we examined the relationship between the type of sexual transgression (...

Socioeconomic status (SES) is a complex and multidimensional construct, encompassing both independent objective characteristics (e.g., income or education) and subjective people’s ratings of their placement in the socioeconomic spectrum. Within the growing literature on subjective SES belongingness and psychological well-being, subjective indices o...

Although prior research has extensively examined the association of emotional intelligence (EI) with various job attitudes (e.g., job satisfaction), empirical and systematic investigation of this link within military institutions has captured considerably less attention. The present research analyzed the relationship between EI, teamwork communicat...

Recent research suggests that perceived economic threat constitutes a valid predictor of people’s attitudes and behaviors. While accumulated empirical evidence has mostly underlined the deleterious psychological effects (e.g., reduced psychological well-being) of perceived economic threat in times of economic strain, we postulate that individuals e...

Intimate partner sexual violence has countless consequences for women suffering it. This research analyse the effect of the type of sexual coercion tactic and partner dependence on both the attribution of responsibility and the probability of leaving a relationship. In Study 1, six scenarios for different sexual tactics were presented (coaxing, coe...

Background: The different conflict resolution strategies that couples use are crucial in preserving or ending their relationships. Despite the importance of these strategies, no instrument for measuring them has been adequately adapted to Spanish culture. The goal of this study is to adapt the Accommodation among Romantic Couples Scale to Spanish c...

Sexual objectification is a variable to consider for understanding the sexual violence that takes place into intimate context. The set of studies presented here aims to connect sexual objectification phenomena with sexual coercion and explore the consequences that both have on sexual satisfaction. Two studies examined the association between sexual...

Although prior research has extensively examined the association of emotional intelligence (EI) with various job attitudes (e.g., job satisfaction), the empirical and systematic investigation of this link within military institutions has captured considerably less research attention. The present research analyzed the relationship between EI, teamwo...

Objective: Perfectionism is one of the variables related to the correct emotional development or with the appearance of clinical symptomatology in childhood. A study has been designed to evaluate the differential effect that each dimension of perfectionism (external pressure, self-exigency, and negative self-evaluation) has in a Spanish children sa...

Conflicts that arise in romantic relationships can be one of the greatest causes of suffering when they are not faced appropriately. Through two studies, this research analyses the differential effect of gender and the influence of emotional intelligence on conflict-facing responses, as well as their consequences at an individual and relationship l...

Interpersonal transgressions often threaten the stability of the relationship. Within the scope of romantic relationships, physical violence and sexual infidelity have been considered the most difficult transgressions to forgive. Similarly, two variables considered relevant for forgiveness within the context of the couple are partner-specific depen...

Infidelity is considered an unforgivable betrayal. However, not all behaviors considered unfaithful affect the person who suffers them in the same way. Therefore, to have a better understanding of unforgiveness according to different extradyadic behaviors, two studies were designed. Study 1 (N = 240) explored which extradyadic behaviors are conside...

In couple relationships, the use of some coercive sexual tactics is considered as socially acceptable. However, it has been proven that they have innumerable consequences for women who suffer them. The aim of this research has been to analyse the effect of the severity of the sexual tactic used on both the justification of the aggression and the pr...

Despite the fact that literature regarding the implications of envy in the work environment has generated growing interest in recent years, the role of malicious and benign envy in the workplace has scarcely been studied. Therefore, the present study, using an experimental design, N = 213 (140 female and 73 male; Mage = 31.05, SD = 10.01; range fro...

After the global economic collapse triggered by the Great Recession, there has been an increased interest in the potential psychological implications of periods of economic decline. Recent evidence suggests that negative personal experiences linked to the economic crisis may lead to diminished generalized trust (i.e., the belief that most of the pe...

Social class is a multifaceted social category that shapes numerous states and psychological processes, as well as the manner in which we relate to others. Trust, on the other hand, is a prerequisite for the initiation and maintenance of satisfactory social relationships. With 899 participants of both sexes drawn from the general population, this s...

Aunque la relación entre la clase social y el bienestar ha sido profusamente analizada, apenas se conocen los posibles mecanismos explicativos subyacentes. Dado que se ha sugerido que los contextos sociales de clase baja se vinculan con una mayor vulnerabilidad e imprevisibilidad, nosotros proponemos que la incertidumbre emocional, esto es, la sens...

Violence against women is probably the most prevalent human rights violation, affecting the greatest number of people and occurring in all countries and social classes. Every day, thousands of women and girls worldwide suffer some type of violence related to their gender. Although the most extreme consequence of violence against women is death, gen...

ResumenLa violencia sexual es un problema actual sobre el que se necesita estudio empírico, pues afecta a más del 30 % de las mujeres en sus relaciones con los hombres. El obje­tivo de esta investigación ha sido comprobar el modo en el que el tipo de táctica utilizada para conseguir sexo, el género y el sexismo benévolo influyen en la responsabi­li...

A través de dos estudios, la presente investigación analizar el proceso de perdón ante una situación de abuso psicológico, en función de la distancia social en relación con la persona que transgrede. En el primer estudio (n = 145), se examinó el otorgamiento de perdón ante diferentes tipos de violencia (física vs. psicológica). Los resultados mostr...

The current study was designed to identify the protective role of marital status and marital satisfaction against depression and anxiety for all genders in a sample of 300 Mexican individuals. The results suggest separated individuals present higher levels of depression and anxiety than their married counterparts. Marital satisfaction was a protect...

Envy strongly influences many spheres of social life. However, the psychology of envy is still in its infancy. A theoretical and empirical examination of envy was performed with a psychosocial focus via two exploratory studies. In Study 1 (N = 141), participants were asked to describe an event in which they experienced envy, indicating which people...

Dejar una relación de pareja es una de las decisiones más difíciles que las personas tienen que tomar, en ocasiones, en algún momento de su vida. Esta investigación pretende contribuir a la comprensión del proceso implicado en esta toma de decisión a través de 2 estudios. En el primero participaron 265 personas de población general, examinándose lo...

Sexual Objectification Theory originally focused on the consequences for women of being treated as objects and how women are reduced to their sexualized body parts to give sexual pleasure to men. However, it is now a reality that men are also increasingly treated as sexual objects in their daily life. Therefore, Sexual Objectification Theory has be...

Economic crises can threaten individuals’ sense of control. At the same time, these crises often result in collective responses, such as class-based protest (e.g., the 99%), but also nationalism or xenophobia. We investigated how personal consequences of economic crises lead to both intragroup and intergroup responses and the role of control for th...

Introducción: La coerción sexual afecta a más del 30% de las mujeres y consiste en el uso de tácticas psicológicas, manipulativas y/o físicas con el objetivo de tener sexo con la pareja contra su voluntad. Investigaciones recientes se interesan en cómo se perciben estas situaciones y han demostrado, por ejemplo, que las variables ideológicas o indi...

Sexual objectification as a form of sexist discrimination accounts for the higher prevalence of psychological problems among women. More specifically, sexual objectification manifests itself in different ways with different intensities, in turn affecting women's psychological well-being differently. On one hand, experiences of body evaluation are m...

Las relaciones de pareja son muy importantes para el bienestar y felicidad de las personas. Podría pensarse que estar involucrado en una relación puede ser una fuente de satisfacción en la vida, pero también puede ser una de las mayores fuentes de pena y dolor cuando la relación es violenta y conflictiva y se produce la ruptura de la misma. En 2014...

La depresión es uno de los trastornos mentales que más preocupan a nivel mundial. Una de las teorías que más investigación ha suscitado es la teoría cognitiva de la depresión de Beck. El Inventario de Tríada Cognitiva (CTI) se ha elaborado para evaluar los diferentes componentes de la tríada cognitiva, si bien la mayoría de sus estudios se han desa...

There is an open debate regarding the notion of female sexual empowerment. Some feminist authors, headed by third-wave feminism, have supported the idea that sexuality is a way to female empowerment, whereas other authors have considered that this power is part of a sexual objectification phenomenon where women are subjugated to men. The critical p...

Depression is one of the mental disorders that concern worldwide. One theory that has attracted more researches is the Beck´s cognitive theory of depression. The Cognitive Triad Inventory (CTI) has been developed to evaluate the different components of the cognitive triad, although most studies had been developed in adult and adolescent population....

Through forgiveness, people reduce negative responses toward their transgressors, and are more motivated to show positive behaviors instead. Two studies were performed with the aim to approach the phenomenon of forgiveness. The first study, in which 101 university students participated, aimed to examine the differenttypes of transgressions dependin...

Despite its important implications child development, perfectionism has largely been ignored as an explanation for emotional diseases. We examined mediation models in which high levels of external pressure predict depression and anxiety symptoms, which may be mediated by low levels of self-exigency and high levels of negative self-evaluation. A sam...

Sexual objectification of women is a subtle manifestation of gender violence. The aim of this study was to adapt the 15-item Interpersonal Sexual Objectification Scale (ISOS) to Spanish to obtain a valid instrument to evaluate this construct. After its adaptation, the questionnaire was administered to 771 women from the general population. Subseque...

Despite its important implications child development, perfectionism has largely been ignored as an explanation for emotional diseases. We examined mediation models in which high levels of external pressure predict depression and anxiety symptoms, which may be mediated by low levels of self-exigency and high levels of negative self-evaluation. A sam...

Sexual harassment is among the most serious forms of gender violence, and what all violent acts have in common are the many myths associated with them. Three studies were conducted to adapt a Spanish version of the Illinois Sexual Harassment Myth Acceptance (ISHMA) scale, which assesses myths about sexual harassment. The first study aimed to, for t...

Two studies examined how the effect of dependency and emotions on the dynamics of relationship conflict differs between men and women. In Study 1, 96 women and 67 men were presented with conflict situations that might occur in their relation- ship; the probability of aggression, anger, and dependency was measured. Results showed that anger mediated...

Conflict is inherent to all types of interpersonal relationships. The interdependence that characterizes romantic relationships is related to the way that men and women perceive intimate partner conflict. The emotion of guilt also plays an important role in the perception of conflict. In the present research we study how, in a conflictive situation...

This study aims to analyse the acceptance of gender violence in Spanish and Cuban populations. We analysed the influence of sexist beliefs and other ideologies that justify unequal gender relationships. A total of 230 men and women from Spain and 200 from Cuba participated by answering a questionnaire. The results showed the effect of participants’...

Current research has postulated that judicial inferencing and judgement-making are subject to biased appraisals. This study assessed the factors reported in the literature associated to the appraisal of criminality in a mock case of a battered woman standing trial for murdering her husband, and who pleaded legitimate selfdefence in response to an i...

Interpersonal sexual objectification is defined as the act of reducing a woman to her body or body parts. It could be considered as a form of sexist discrimination, in which women have a differential treatment minimizing the importance of their inner qualities. The aim of this study, in which involved 251 participants, was to analyze the perception...

The existence of domestic violence is closely linked to several ideological factors that include sexism and other beliefs about society in general, namely the belief in a just world. In this study, which involved 485 people of both sexes aged between 18 and 70 years, we analyzed the influence of these ideological variables of the perceivers and cha...

Prostitution has been the subject of intense debate in all societies and cultures though to varying degrees of public acceptance or rejection. The choice of legal approach to deal with this issue (i.e., legalization or prohibition) may be influenced by ideological factors. The primary aim of this study was to assess, in a sample of 620 individuals...

University students are one of the social groups that are most involved in volunteering. This study was designed to explore some va-riables that facilitate why a person decides to become a volunteer. The study involved 168 participants and analyzed the influence of different motives on volunteering, the commitment the participants would be ready to...

Conflict is inherent in all types of interpersonal relationships. It has especially important consequences in relationships involving high levels of interdependence, such as intimate relationships. Emotions are important to understand how people behave in their interpersonal relationships. Results from other studies suggest that women express power...

Conflict is inherent in all types of interpersonal relationships. It has especially important consequences in relationships involving high levels of interdependence, such as intimate relationships. Emotions are important to understand how people behave in their interpersonal relationships. Results from other studies suggest that women express power...

There is evidence supporting the relation between partner-specific dependency and violent relationships in couples. The scale used as a reference to assess this kind of dependency is the Spouse-Specific Dependency Scale (SSDS). The instrumental project includes two independent Studies. The aim of the first study was to present the first psychometri...

Existe evidencia acerca de la asociación entre la dependencia específica de la pareja y las relaciones violentas dentro de la pareja. Para evaluar este tipo de dependencia la prueba de evaluación de referencia es la Spouse-Specific Dependency Scale (SSDS). El trabajo instrumental incluye dos estudios independientes. El objetivo del primero fue pres...

Numerosa investigación ha mostrado que niveles altos de dependencia económica de la mujer predicen la probabilidad de poder sufrir maltrato psicológico o físico por parte de su pareja. Sobre esta base, uno de los objetivos de nuestra investigación fue examinar el rol de la dependencia económica en la percepción de violencia de género y verificar si...

An alysis of the scientific productivity measured in doctoral thesis of Psychology in Spain from 1992 to 2001 has been achieved, according to the so-called Tesis Españolas Ordenadas. It was carried out an analysis of number of thesis directed in relation to the number of teachers in each of the academic areas of the spanish psychology, as well as,...

En este trabajo se realiza un análisis de las opiniones de los directores más productivos en Tesis Doctorales de las áreas académicas de la Psicología española entre 1992 y 2001. El método empleado fue una entrevista sobre diferentes aspectos del doctorado y cómo realizarlo con éxito. Las opiniones de los 21 directores entrevistados constituyeron l...

En el presente artículo se hace una revisión crítica de los criterios y procedimientos de los artículos publicados en el monográfico de los números 81 y 82 de la revista Papeles del Psicólogo. El análisis se centra fundamentalmente en los problemas del uso de los criterios utilizados por los diferentes autores para buscar, contabilizar y selecciona...

Se analiza la productividad científica medida en tesis doctorales de Psicología en España entre 1992 y 2001, de acuerdo con los datos de la base Tesis Españolas Ordenadas. Se analiza la productividad según el número de profesores titulares y catedráticos de universidad en cada área de la Psicología académica en España, los directores y universidade...